Lagadha, an ancient Indian astronomer, proposed the concept of a cyclic universe that undergoes cycles of creation and destruction. This idea predates the modern Big Bang theory.

The Surya Siddhanta is an ancient Indian astronomical text that contains detailed observations and theories about planetary motions, eclipses, and other celestial phenomena. It is considered one of the most important works in Indian astronomy.

Aryabhata, a renowned Indian astronomer and mathematician, proposed a heliocentric model of the solar system in the 5th century CE. This model placed the Sun at the center and the planets revolving around it.

Jantar Mantar is the name of the Indian astronomical observatory built in the 18th century by Maharaja Jai Singh II. It consists of several architectural structures designed for astronomical observations.

Meghnad Saha, an Indian astrophysicist, proposed the idea of an expanding universe in the early 20th century. His work contributed to the development of the Big Bang theory.

Astrosat is the name of the Indian satellite launched in 2017 to study cosmic rays and high-energy particles in space. It is India's first dedicated astronomy satellite.

Jayant Narlikar, an Indian astrophysicist and cosmologist, proposed the idea of a multiverse, suggesting that there may be multiple universes beyond our own.

Hanle Observatory is the name of the Indian astronomical observatory located in Ladakh, known for its high-altitude and clear skies. It is one of the highest observatories in the world.

Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar, an Indian-American astrophysicist, proposed the idea of a black hole in the early 20th century. His work contributed to the understanding of stellar evolution and the formation of black holes.

Aditya-L1 is the name of the Indian astronomical mission aimed at studying the Sun's corona and its impact on Earth's climate. It is scheduled to be launched in 2023.

Abdus Salam, a Pakistani-born physicist who worked in India, proposed the idea of a unified theory of physics, attempting to merge the theories of general relativity and quantum mechanics.

Vainu Bappu Observatory is the name of the Indian astronomical observatory located in Kavalur, Tamil Nadu, known for its large optical telescopes.

Vikram Bhardwaj, an Indian astrophysicist, proposed the idea of a dark energy, suggesting that there is a mysterious force causing the expansion of the universe to accelerate.

Samudra is the name of the Indian astronomical mission aimed at studying the cosmic microwave background radiation, the leftover radiation from the Big Bang.

Amitabha Ghosh, an Indian physicist, proposed the idea of a quantum gravity, attempting to merge the theories of general relativity and quantum mechanics at the Planck scale.