The Indian freedom fighters faced multiple challenges during the British colonial rule, including the lack of unity among themselves, economic exploitation by the British, and social discrimination against Indians.

The British colonial rule led to economic exploitation of India through various means, such as imposing heavy taxes on Indian goods, forcing Indian farmers to grow cash crops instead of food crops, and draining India's wealth through trade and taxation.

Social discrimination had a negative impact on the Indian freedom struggle as it divided the Indian society and weakened the freedom movement, led to the rise of communalism and sectarianism, and made it difficult for the freedom fighters to mobilize the masses.

The lack of unity among the Indian freedom fighters was caused by a combination of factors, including differences in political ideologies, regional and linguistic divisions, and personal rivalries and conflicts.

The Indian freedom fighters overcame the challenges they faced by forming a united front against the British, launching mass movements and protests, and engaging in armed struggle and guerrilla warfare.

The Indian freedom fighters launched several major mass movements, including the Non-Cooperation Movement, the Civil Disobedience Movement, and the Quit India Movement.

The armed struggle and guerrilla warfare played a significant role in the Indian freedom struggle as it forced the British to reconsider their policies and make concessions, helped to mobilize the masses and gain their support, and demonstrated the determination and resilience of the Indian freedom fighters.

Bhagat Singh, Chandra Shekhar Azad, and Subhash Chandra Bose were prominent leaders of the Indian freedom struggle who advocated for armed struggle.

The Indian freedom fighters mobilized the masses and gained their support by organizing mass meetings and rallies, distributing pamphlets and leaflets, and engaging in door-to-door campaigns.

The ultimate goal of the Indian freedom fighters was to achieve complete independence from British rule, establish a democratic and egalitarian society, and promote social and economic justice.