Cubism, pioneered by Pablo Picasso and Georges Braque, revolutionized the traditional depiction of form and space, breaking objects into geometric shapes and presenting multiple perspectives simultaneously.

Impressionism, spearheaded by Claude Monet and Pierre-Auguste Renoir, aimed to capture the momentary effects of light and atmosphere, using loose brushwork and vibrant colors.

Surrealism, led by André Breton and Salvador Dalí, sought to tap into the subconscious mind, creating art that blended reality and imagination, often through dreamlike imagery and unexpected juxtapositions.

Expressionism, exemplified by Edvard Munch and Wassily Kandinsky, prioritized the artist's inner emotions and subjective experiences, using bold colors and distorted forms to convey emotional intensity.

Pop Art, popularized by Andy Warhol and Roy Lichtenstein, drew inspiration from popular culture, consumerism, and advertising, incorporating everyday objects and imagery into artistic works.

Constructivism, pioneered by Vladimir Tatlin and Alexander Rodchenko, aimed to create art that was functional, utilitarian, and stripped of unnecessary ornamentation, using geometric shapes and primary colors.

Fluxus, led by George Maciunas, emphasized anti-art, ephemerality, and audience participation, often incorporating performance art, installations, and happenings that challenged traditional notions of art.

Conceptual Art, exemplified by Joseph Kosuth and Sol LeWitt, prioritized the idea or concept behind the artwork over its physical form, often using text, symbols, and installations to convey meaning.

Arte Povera, led by artists like Mario Merz and Jannis Kounellis, emphasized the use of humble, everyday materials and found objects, challenging traditional notions of value and critiquing consumerism.

Postmodernism, exemplified by artists like Jeff Koons and Cindy Sherman, questioned traditional notions of truth, reality, and representation, often appropriating popular culture imagery and exploring issues of identity and representation.

New Media Art, pioneered by artists like Olafur Eliasson and Rafael Lozano-Hemmer, embraced digital technology, interactivity, and the exploration of new forms of artistic expression, often blurring the boundaries between art and technology.

Algorithmic Art, exemplified by artists like Mario Klingemann and Memo Akten, utilizes artificial intelligence, machine learning, and algorithmic processes to create art, often exploring the relationship between humans and technology.

Minimalism, pioneered by artists like Donald Judd and Agnes Martin, emphasized simplicity, geometric forms, and a focus on the relationship between art and space, often using industrial materials and repetitive forms.

Land Art, exemplified by artists like Robert Smithson and Christo and Jeanne-Claude, involved large-scale interventions in natural landscapes, often using earth, rocks, and other natural materials to create site-specific artworks.

Neo-Pop, led by artists like Jeff Koons and Keith Haring, revived the spirit of Pop Art, using bright colors, bold patterns, and imagery drawn from popular culture, often with a satirical or ironic twist.