In a steam turbine, the steam undergoes adiabatic expansion, meaning there is no heat transfer to or from the surrounding environment. This expansion causes a decrease in pressure and temperature, resulting in the conversion of thermal energy into mechanical energy.

The efficiency of a marine diesel engine is influenced by a combination of factors, including compression ratio, fuel injection timing, and turbocharger design. These factors collectively affect the engine's ability to convert fuel energy into useful work.

The evaporator in a marine refrigeration system absorbs heat from the surrounding environment, causing the refrigerant to evaporate and cool down.

Evaporation is a phase change process, not a type of heat transfer. Heat transfer occurs through conduction, convection, and radiation.

The Rankine cycle consists of four main processes: adiabatic expansion, isothermal compression, adiabatic compression, and isothermal expansion.

Heat transfer in a marine boiler occurs through a combination of convection, conduction, and radiation.

The efficiency of a marine gas turbine engine is affected by a combination of factors, including turbine inlet temperature, compressor pressure ratio, and fuel-air ratio.

In a marine steam condenser, cooling water is used to condense the steam into water.

The primary function of a marine economizer is to preheat the feedwater entering the boiler, improving the overall efficiency of the system.

Nuclear reactors are not used as a direct marine propulsion system. They are used to generate electricity, which can then be used to power electric motors for propulsion.

The efficiency of a marine heat exchanger is influenced by a combination of factors, including surface area, temperature difference, and fluid flow rate.

The compressor in a marine refrigeration system compresses the refrigerant, increasing its pressure and temperature.

The primary function of a marine superheater is to increase the temperature of the steam leaving the boiler, improving the overall efficiency of the system.

Marine steam turbines utilize both impulse and reaction mechanisms to extract energy from the steam.