Maya is a fundamental concept in Advaita Vedanta, referring to the illusion or veil of ignorance that conceals the true nature of reality.

Moksha, or liberation from the cycle of birth and rebirth, is considered the ultimate goal of human existence in the Bhagavad Gita.

Jainism is known for its strong emphasis on non-violence (ahimsa) and compassion (karuna) towards all living beings.

Charvaka philosophy is characterized by its materialism, asserting that the only reality is the physical world and that consciousness is a product of matter.

Anumana, or inference, is a central concept in Nyaya philosophy, emphasizing the use of logical reasoning to arrive at knowledge.

The Yoga school, particularly Patanjali's Yoga Sutras, aims to achieve moksha, or liberation from suffering, through the practice of yoga and meditation.

Mimamsa philosophy focuses on the concept of dharma, or righteous conduct, and emphasizes the importance of following Vedic rituals and duties.

Samkhya philosophy is characterized by its dualism, positing two fundamental realities: purusha (consciousness) and prakriti (matter).

Vaisheshika philosophy emphasizes the concept of anu, or atoms, as the fundamental building blocks of the universe.

Vedanta philosophy centers around the concept of Brahman, the ultimate reality and source of all existence.

Dukkha, or suffering, is a fundamental concept in Buddhism, and the goal is to achieve liberation from suffering through the path of enlightenment.

Sikhism emphasizes the importance of dharma, or righteous living, and aims to achieve spiritual liberation through devotion to God and service to humanity.

Ahimsa, or non-violence, is a fundamental principle in Jainism, emphasizing the importance of compassion and respect for all living beings.

Kashmir Shaivism revolves around the concept of Shiva as the ultimate reality and the source of all existence.

Shakti, or divine energy, is a central concept in Tantra philosophy, representing the dynamic and creative aspect of reality.