Cyclical unemployment is caused by fluctuations in the overall level of economic activity, such as during recessions when businesses lay off workers due to decreased demand for their products or services.

Structural unemployment occurs when there is a mismatch between the skills possessed by workers and the skills demanded by employers, often due to technological changes or shifts in consumer preferences.

Unemployment insurance is a social policy program designed to provide temporary financial assistance to individuals who have lost their jobs through no fault of their own.

Active labor market policy is a social policy approach that focuses on providing job training, placement services, and other forms of assistance to unemployed individuals to help them find new jobs.

Minimum wage laws are social policies that set a minimum wage that employers are required to pay their workers, with the primary goal of protecting workers from exploitation and ensuring a living wage.

Supply-side economics is a social policy approach that emphasizes the importance of reducing government spending and taxes to stimulate economic growth and reduce unemployment by increasing the incentive for businesses to invest and create jobs.

Public works programs are social policies that involve government-funded projects that provide temporary employment to unemployed individuals, improve infrastructure and public services, and stimulate economic growth.

The welfare state is a social policy approach that emphasizes the importance of providing financial assistance to low-income individuals and families through programs such as social security, unemployment insurance, and food stamps.

Job creation programs are social policies that aim to provide temporary employment to unemployed individuals, create permanent jobs in the private sector, and stimulate economic growth.

Laissez-faire is a social policy approach that emphasizes the importance of reducing government regulations and promoting free market competition to reduce unemployment by allowing businesses to operate without excessive government interference.

Social safety nets are social policies that provide financial assistance to low-income individuals and families to help them meet their basic needs, such as food, housing, and healthcare.

Keynesian economics is a social policy approach that emphasizes the importance of increasing government spending and reducing taxes to stimulate economic growth and reduce unemployment by increasing aggregate demand.

Unemployment benefits are social policies that provide financial assistance to unemployed individuals to help them meet their basic needs while they are searching for a new job.

Monetarism is a social policy approach that emphasizes the importance of controlling the money supply to stabilize prices and reduce unemployment by regulating the amount of money in circulation.

Labor market policies are social policies that aim to reduce unemployment, increase economic growth, and protect workers' rights by regulating the labor market and promoting fair and efficient employment practices.