Radioactivity refers to the spontaneous emission of radiation by an unstable atomic nucleus, resulting in the transformation of one element into another.

Alpha decay involves the emission of alpha particles, which are helium nuclei consisting of two protons and two neutrons.

Nuclear fission refers to the process where a heavy nucleus splits into two or more smaller nuclei, releasing a large amount of energy.

The becquerel (Bq) is the SI unit of radioactivity, representing one nuclear transformation per second.

Nuclear fusion involves the combination of two light nuclei to form a heavier nucleus, releasing a large amount of energy.

Beta decay involves the emission of beta particles, which can be either an electron or a positron.

Electron capture refers to the process where an atomic nucleus captures an electron from its own electron cloud, resulting in the transformation of a proton into a neutron.

Gamma rays are the most penetrating type of radiation, capable of passing through thick layers of matter.

Neutron emission refers to the process where a nucleus releases a neutron, resulting in the transformation of one element into another.

Nuclear fission is commonly used in nuclear power plants to generate electricity by splitting heavy nuclei into lighter ones.

Neutron capture refers to the process where a nucleus absorbs a neutron, resulting in the transformation of one element into another.

Nuclear fission is commonly used in nuclear weapons to generate a powerful explosion by splitting heavy nuclei into lighter ones.

Proton emission refers to the process where a nucleus releases a proton, resulting in the transformation of one element into another.

Radioactive decay is commonly used in medical imaging techniques, such as PET scans, to visualize and diagnose various medical conditions.

Proton capture refers to the process where a nucleus absorbs a proton, resulting in the transformation of one element into another.