Ranajit Guha is a prominent Marxist historian known for his work on the Indian peasantry and the concept of 'semi-feudalism', which he developed in his book 'Elementary Aspects of Peasant Insurgency in Colonial India'.

The Subaltern Studies collective argues that the history of India should be written from the perspective of the subaltern classes, which include peasants, workers, women, and other marginalized groups, who have been traditionally excluded from historical narratives.

Gyan Prakash is a prominent Subaltern Studies historian known for his work on the 'everyday resistance' of peasants against colonial rule, which he explores in his book 'Bonded Histories: Genealogies of Labor Servitude in Colonial India'.

The 'Cambridge School', led by historians like Eric Stokes and Dharma Kumar, introduced Marxist historiography to India in the 1950s and 1960s, challenging the dominant nationalist historiography of the time.

D.D. Kosambi is a prominent Marxist historian known for his work on the 'mode of production' in Indian history, particularly his analysis of the transition from feudalism to capitalism in India.

Subaltern Studies historians critique Marxist historiography for being too focused on class struggle and ignoring other forms of oppression, such as caste, gender, and ethnicity, which they argue are equally important in shaping historical processes.

Partha Chatterjee is a prominent Subaltern Studies historian known for his work on the 'colonial discourse' and the construction of 'Orientalism', which he explores in his book 'The Nation and Its Fragments: Colonial and Postcolonial Histories'.

In his book 'Provincializing Europe', Dipesh Chakrabarty argues that non-European societies have their own unique histories and experiences that cannot be understood through Eurocentric frameworks, and that the rise of Europe should be seen as a contingent and localized phenomenon rather than a universal process.

Ranajit Guha is a prominent Marxist historian known for his work on the 'peasant question' in India, particularly his analysis of peasant movements and rebellions in colonial India.

Postcolonial historians critique Subaltern Studies historiography for being too focused on the agency of subaltern groups and ignoring the role of dominant classes and institutions, which they argue are equally important in shaping historical processes.

Ranajit Guha is a prominent Marxist historian known for his work on the 'transition to capitalism' in India, particularly his analysis of the impact of colonial rule on Indian society and economy.

In his book 'Bonded Histories: Genealogies of Labor Servitude in Colonial India', Gyan Prakash argues that peasants in colonial India were not simply victims of oppression, but also active agents who resisted and negotiated their conditions, challenging the traditional Marxist view of peasants as passive and exploited subjects.

Dipesh Chakrabarty is a prominent Subaltern Studies historian known for his work on the 'history of the present', particularly his analysis of the relationship between history and anthropology in understanding contemporary social and political issues.

In his book 'The Nation and Its Fragments: Colonial and Postcolonial Histories', Partha Chatterjee argues that the nation-state is a Western construct that is not applicable to non-European societies, and that the Indian National Congress was a product of colonial modernity rather than an authentic representation of Indian nationalism.