Coral reefs are formed by the accumulation of calcium carbonate skeletons produced by tiny marine animals called coral polyps.

The Indo-Pacific region, encompassing Southeast Asia, Indonesia, and the Philippines, is renowned as the 'Coral Triangle' for its extraordinary coral reef biodiversity.

Approximately 25% of all marine species depend on coral reefs for their survival, highlighting the crucial role these ecosystems play in supporting marine biodiversity.

Coral reefs face multiple threats, including overfishing, climate change-induced ocean acidification and warming, and pollution from various sources.

Coral bleaching occurs when corals expel the symbiotic algae living within their tissues, causing them to lose their vibrant colors and become susceptible to disease and death.

Clownfish have a symbiotic relationship with sea anemones, utilizing their stinging tentacles for protection while the clownfish helps keep the anemone clean and free of debris.

Coral reef ecosystem encompasses the entire interconnected system of coral reefs, including the diverse marine life that inhabits and relies on them.

Patch reefs are not a type of coral reef structure; they are isolated coral formations that occur in deeper waters and are not connected to the shoreline or other reef structures.

Coral reefs provide various economic benefits, including tourism, fisheries, and coastal protection, with an estimated annual value of approximately $1 trillion.

Marine protected areas, sustainable fishing practices, and coral reef restoration are all strategies employed to protect and conserve coral reefs.

The Great Barrier Reef, located off the coast of Australia, is the largest coral reef system in the world, stretching over 2,300 kilometers.

Staghorn coral is a type of branching coral commonly found in shallow waters and is known for its distinctive antler-like appearance.

Coral accretion refers to the process by which coral reefs grow and expand over time through the accumulation of calcium carbonate skeletons produced by coral polyps.

Brain coral is a type of massive coral that is often found in deeper waters and is known for its distinctive brain-like appearance.

Coral spawning is the process by which coral reefs reproduce and create new colonies, involving the release of eggs and sperm into the water to form new coral polyps.