Social Role Theory posits that gender differences in cognitive abilities are shaped by societal expectations and roles, rather than being innate biological differences.

Confirmation Bias refers to the tendency to seek out and interpret information that supports one's existing beliefs, while ignoring or downplaying information that contradicts those beliefs.

Research has shown that women generally exhibit higher verbal fluency, which involves the ability to generate words quickly and easily.

Self-Serving Bias refers to the tendency to attribute positive outcomes to one's own abilities and efforts, while attributing negative outcomes to external factors or circumstances.

Research has shown that men generally exhibit higher spatial reasoning abilities, which involve the ability to mentally manipulate and visualize objects in space.

Illusory Correlation refers to the tendency to perceive a relationship between two events or variables even when there is no actual connection between them.

Evolutionary Theory posits that gender differences in cognitive abilities may have evolved due to different selective pressures faced by men and women in ancestral environments.

Conformity Bias refers to the tendency to adjust one's own beliefs and behaviors to match those of the majority, even if one's initial beliefs or behaviors were different.

Research has shown that men and women generally exhibit similar problem-solving abilities, which involve the ability to analyze and solve complex problems.

False Consensus Effect refers to the tendency to overestimate the extent to which others share one's own beliefs, attitudes, and behaviors.

Biological Theory posits that gender differences in cognitive abilities may be due to innate differences in brain structure and function between men and women.

Cultural Bias refers to the tendency to favor one's own cultural values and beliefs over those of other cultures.

Research has shown that mathematical ability is influenced by both biological factors, such as genetics, and environmental factors, such as education and cultural influences.

Fundamental Attribution Error refers to the tendency to attribute the behavior of others to internal factors, such as their personality or intentions, while attributing one's own behavior to external factors, such as the situation or circumstances.

Cognitive Theory posits that gender differences in cognitive abilities may be due to differences in the way men and women process and interpret information.