Coal mining, particularly open-cast mining, releases large amounts of particulate matter, sulfur dioxide, and nitrogen oxides into the atmosphere, contributing significantly to air pollution in India.

Mineral resource extraction involves various activities that generate particulate matter pollution, including blasting and crushing operations, transportation of minerals, and mineral processing and refining.

Sulfur dioxide released during mineral resource extraction, particularly from coal mining and processing, is a major contributor to acid rain, which can have detrimental effects on ecosystems and human health.

Mineral resource extraction can lead to various health issues, including respiratory problems such as asthma and bronchitis, cardiovascular problems, and an increased risk of cancer due to exposure to hazardous pollutants.

Northern India, particularly areas with high concentrations of coal mining and thermal power plants, is more susceptible to air pollution from mineral resource extraction due to unfavorable meteorological conditions and geographic factors.

Blasting operations used in mineral resource extraction, such as coal mining, are a major source of nitrogen oxide emissions, contributing to air pollution and the formation of ground-level ozone.

Gold mining, particularly artisanal and small-scale gold mining, is a significant source of mercury pollution. Mercury is used in the amalgamation process to extract gold, and its release into the environment can have severe ecological and human health consequences.

Mitigating air pollution from mineral resource extraction requires a comprehensive approach, including adopting cleaner technologies, improving mining practices to minimize dust and emissions, and strengthening environmental regulations to ensure compliance with pollution control standards.

Reforestation and afforestation around mineral resource extraction sites can help absorb pollutants, reduce dust generation, and improve overall air quality by increasing oxygen production and removing harmful substances from the atmosphere.

Nitrogen oxides released during mineral resource extraction, particularly from blasting operations and transportation, are precursors to the formation of ground-level ozone, a harmful air pollutant that can cause respiratory problems and contribute to smog.

Environmental impact assessments play a crucial role in mitigating air pollution from mineral resource extraction by identifying potential impacts, developing mitigation measures to minimize pollution, and monitoring compliance with environmental regulations to ensure effective implementation of pollution control strategies.

Uranium mining and processing involve the handling and extraction of radioactive materials, which can pose significant environmental and health risks if not managed properly. Proper waste disposal and containment measures are essential to minimize the release of radioactive materials into the environment.

Technological advancements, such as developing cleaner mining equipment, improving pollution control technologies, and automating mining processes, can help reduce air pollution from mineral resource extraction by minimizing emissions, improving efficiency, and enhancing overall environmental performance.

The transportation of minerals, particularly by diesel-powered vehicles, is a major source of carbon monoxide emissions from mineral resource extraction. Optimizing transportation routes, using cleaner fuels, and implementing efficient logistics can help reduce carbon monoxide pollution.

Community engagement and participation play a vital role in mitigating air pollution from mineral resource extraction by raising awareness about the issue, promoting sustainable practices, monitoring pollution levels, and advocating for stricter environmental regulations and enforcement.