The Lilavati and Its Mathematical Problems

Description: The Lilavati is an ancient Indian mathematical treatise written by Bhaskara II in the 12th century. It covers a wide range of mathematical topics, including arithmetic, geometry, and algebra. This quiz tests your understanding of the mathematical problems found in the Lilavati.
Number of Questions: 15
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Tags: indian mathematics bhaskara ii lilavati arithmetic geometry algebra
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What is the value of x in the equation x^2 + 2x - 8 = 0?

  1. 2

  2. -4

  3. 4

  4. -2


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

To solve the equation, we can use the quadratic formula: x = (-b ± √(b^2 - 4ac)) / 2a. Plugging in the values from the equation, we get x = (-2 ± √(2^2 - 4(1)(-8))) / 2(1) = (-2 ± √36) / 2 = (-2 ± 6) / 2. Therefore, x = 2 or x = -4.

A farmer has 120 acres of land. He plants wheat on 2/5 of the land, rice on 1/3 of the land, and the rest is left fallow. How many acres of land are left fallow?

  1. 24

  2. 36

  3. 48

  4. 60


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

The farmer plants wheat on 120 * 2/5 = 48 acres of land and rice on 120 * 1/3 = 40 acres of land. Therefore, the total area used for farming is 48 + 40 = 88 acres. The remaining 120 - 88 = 32 acres are left fallow.

A train leaves Mumbai at 10:00 AM and travels at a speed of 60 miles per hour. Another train leaves Delhi at 11:00 AM and travels towards Mumbai at a speed of 70 miles per hour. If the distance between Mumbai and Delhi is 800 miles, at what time will the two trains meet?

  1. 2:00 PM

  2. 3:00 PM

  3. 4:00 PM

  4. 5:00 PM


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

The first train travels for 1 hour before the second train leaves. Therefore, the second train has to cover a distance of 800 - 60 = 740 miles in order to meet the first train. The relative speed of the two trains is 70 + 60 = 130 miles per hour. Therefore, the two trains will meet in 740 / 130 = 6 hours. Since the second train leaves at 11:00 AM, the two trains will meet at 11:00 AM + 6 hours = 5:00 PM.

A rectangular garden has a length of 20 meters and a width of 15 meters. What is the area of the garden?

  1. 300 square meters

  2. 350 square meters

  3. 400 square meters

  4. 450 square meters


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The area of a rectangle is given by the formula A = l * w. Plugging in the values from the question, we get A = 20 * 15 = 300 square meters.

A shopkeeper sells a shirt for ₹100. He makes a profit of 20% on the cost price of the shirt. What is the cost price of the shirt?

  1. ₹80

  2. ₹85

  3. ₹90

  4. ₹95


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Let the cost price of the shirt be x. The profit is 20% of the cost price, which is 0.2 * x. Therefore, the selling price of the shirt is x + 0.2 * x = 1.2 * x. Since the selling price is ₹100, we have 1.2 * x = 100. Solving for x, we get x = 100 / 1.2 = ₹80.

A sum of money doubles itself in 10 years at a certain rate of simple interest. What is the rate of interest per annum?

  1. 5%

  2. 10%

  3. 15%

  4. 20%


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Let the sum of money be P and the rate of interest be r. According to the question, P * (1 + r * 10) = 2P. Dividing both sides by P, we get 1 + r * 10 = 2. Subtracting 1 from both sides, we get r * 10 = 1. Therefore, r = 1 / 10 = 0.1 = 10%.

A train passes a telegraph pole in 10 seconds and a platform 200 meters long in 20 seconds. What is the speed of the train in kilometers per hour?

  1. 36 km/h

  2. 48 km/h

  3. 60 km/h

  4. 72 km/h


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

The speed of the train can be calculated using the formula speed = distance / time. The distance traveled by the train in 10 seconds is the length of the telegraph pole, which is negligible. Therefore, the distance traveled by the train in 20 seconds is 200 meters. The speed of the train is therefore 200 / 20 = 10 meters per second. Converting this to kilometers per hour, we get 10 * 3600 / 1000 = 72 km/h.

A man has 100 coins consisting of ₹1, ₹2, and ₹5 coins. The total value of the coins is ₹170. If the number of ₹1 coins is twice the number of ₹2 coins, how many ₹5 coins does the man have?

  1. 20

  2. 30

  3. 40

  4. 50


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Let the number of ₹1 coins be x, the number of ₹2 coins be y, and the number of ₹5 coins be z. We know that x + y + z = 100 and x + 2y + 5z = 170. We also know that x = 2y. Substituting x = 2y into the second equation, we get 2y + 2y + 5z = 170. Simplifying this, we get 4y + 5z = 170. Since x = 2y, we can substitute x = 2y into the first equation to get 2y + y + z = 100. Simplifying this, we get 3y + z = 100. Subtracting the second equation from the first equation, we get z = 30. Therefore, the man has 30 ₹5 coins.

A farmer has 100 acres of land. He plants wheat on 40% of the land, rice on 30% of the land, and the rest is left fallow. How many acres of land are left fallow?

  1. 20

  2. 30

  3. 40

  4. 50


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

The farmer plants wheat on 100 * 40% = 40 acres of land and rice on 100 * 30% = 30 acres of land. Therefore, the total area used for farming is 40 + 30 = 70 acres. The remaining 100 - 70 = 30 acres are left fallow.

A train leaves Mumbai at 10:00 AM and travels at a speed of 60 miles per hour. Another train leaves Delhi at 11:00 AM and travels towards Mumbai at a speed of 70 miles per hour. If the distance between Mumbai and Delhi is 800 miles, at what time will the two trains meet?

  1. 2:00 PM

  2. 3:00 PM

  3. 4:00 PM

  4. 5:00 PM


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

The first train travels for 1 hour before the second train leaves. Therefore, the second train has to cover a distance of 800 - 60 = 740 miles in order to meet the first train. The relative speed of the two trains is 70 + 60 = 130 miles per hour. Therefore, the two trains will meet in 740 / 130 = 6 hours. Since the second train leaves at 11:00 AM, the two trains will meet at 11:00 AM + 6 hours = 5:00 PM.

A rectangular garden has a length of 20 meters and a width of 15 meters. What is the area of the garden?

  1. 300 square meters

  2. 350 square meters

  3. 400 square meters

  4. 450 square meters


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The area of a rectangle is given by the formula A = l * w. Plugging in the values from the question, we get A = 20 * 15 = 300 square meters.

A shopkeeper sells a shirt for ₹100. He makes a profit of 20% on the cost price of the shirt. What is the cost price of the shirt?

  1. ₹80

  2. ₹85

  3. ₹90

  4. ₹95


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Let the cost price of the shirt be x. The profit is 20% of the cost price, which is 0.2 * x. Therefore, the selling price of the shirt is x + 0.2 * x = 1.2 * x. Since the selling price is ₹100, we have 1.2 * x = 100. Solving for x, we get x = 100 / 1.2 = ₹80.

A sum of money doubles itself in 10 years at a certain rate of simple interest. What is the rate of interest per annum?

  1. 5%

  2. 10%

  3. 15%

  4. 20%


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Let the sum of money be P and the rate of interest be r. According to the question, P * (1 + r * 10) = 2P. Dividing both sides by P, we get 1 + r * 10 = 2. Subtracting 1 from both sides, we get r * 10 = 1. Therefore, r = 1 / 10 = 0.1 = 10%.

A train passes a telegraph pole in 10 seconds and a platform 200 meters long in 20 seconds. What is the speed of the train in kilometers per hour?

  1. 36 km/h

  2. 48 km/h

  3. 60 km/h

  4. 72 km/h


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

The speed of the train can be calculated using the formula speed = distance / time. The distance traveled by the train in 10 seconds is the length of the telegraph pole, which is negligible. Therefore, the distance traveled by the train in 20 seconds is 200 meters. The speed of the train is therefore 200 / 20 = 10 meters per second. Converting this to kilometers per hour, we get 10 * 3600 / 1000 = 72 km/h.

A man has 100 coins consisting of ₹1, ₹2, and ₹5 coins. The total value of the coins is ₹170. If the number of ₹1 coins is twice the number of ₹2 coins, how many ₹5 coins does the man have?

  1. 20

  2. 30

  3. 40

  4. 50


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Let the number of ₹1 coins be x, the number of ₹2 coins be y, and the number of ₹5 coins be z. We know that x + y + z = 100 and x + 2y + 5z = 170. We also know that x = 2y. Substituting x = 2y into the second equation, we get 2y + 2y + 5z = 170. Simplifying this, we get 4y + 5z = 170. Since x = 2y, we can substitute x = 2y into the first equation to get 2y + y + z = 100. Simplifying this, we get 3y + z = 100. Subtracting the second equation from the first equation, we get z = 30. Therefore, the man has 30 ₹5 coins.

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