Vasco da Gama was a Portuguese explorer who discovered the sea route to India in 1498, opening up a new era of trade and exploration.

Marco Polo was an Italian merchant and explorer who traveled to Asia in the 13th century, documenting his experiences in his book 'The Travels of Marco Polo'.

Surat was the British East India Company's first trading post in India, established in 1612.

Ferdinand Magellan was a Portuguese explorer who led the first expedition to circumnavigate the globe in the 16th century.

Batavia was the Dutch East India Company's headquarters in Indonesia, established in the 17th century.

John Franklin was a British explorer who led several expeditions to the Arctic in search of the Northwest Passage, a sea route connecting the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans.

The Essex was an American whaling ship that was attacked by a sperm whale in 1820, inspiring the novel 'Moby-Dick' by Herman Melville.

John Speke was a British explorer who discovered the source of the Nile River in the 19th century.

The Hudson's Bay Company was a British fur trading company that dominated the fur trade in North America in the 18th and 19th centuries.

Robert Peary was an American explorer who is credited with being the first person to reach the North Pole in 1909.

Standard Oil was an American oil company that was founded by John D. Rockefeller in 1870.

Roald Amundsen was a Norwegian explorer who is credited with being the first person to reach the South Pole in 1911.

Ford Motor Company was an American automobile company that was founded by Henry Ford in 1903.

Howard Carter was a British archaeologist who discovered the tomb of Tutankhamun in 1922.

Wright Company was an American aviation company that was founded by the Wright brothers in 1909.