The Big Bang Theory is the most widely accepted cosmological model, which proposes that the universe began as a singularity and has been expanding ever since.

The cosmic microwave background radiation is the leftover radiation from the early universe, providing evidence for the Big Bang Theory.

Dark matter is a mysterious substance that makes up a significant portion of the universe's energy density, but its exact nature remains unknown.

Dark energy is a hypothetical form of energy that is believed to be responsible for the accelerating expansion of the universe.

Cosmic filaments are vast, thread-like structures composed of galaxies and galaxy clusters, forming the largest known structures in the universe.

The Andromeda Galaxy, also known as Messier 31, is the closest major galaxy to our Milky Way.

Star formation is the process by which gravitational collapse of interstellar gas and dust leads to the creation of stars.

Sagittarius A* is the supermassive black hole located at the center of our Milky Way galaxy.

Neutron stars are the collapsed cores of massive stars that have undergone a supernova explosion.

Pluto was reclassified from planet status to dwarf planet status in 2006 due to its failure to meet the criteria for a planet.

Cosmic expansion refers to the observed phenomenon where distant objects in the universe appear to be moving away from us at an accelerated rate.

The Cosmic Background Explorer (COBE) was a NASA satellite launched in 1990 to study the cosmic microwave background radiation.

The Big Bang Theory proposes that the universe originated from a singularity and has been expanding ever since.

Ton 618 is the largest known black hole in the universe, with a mass billions of times that of our Sun.