In linear programming, the objective function is a linear function of the decision variables.

Assigning tasks to workers is an example of an integer programming problem because the decision variables (the number of workers assigned to each task) must be integers.

Gradient descent is a common method for solving nonlinear programming problems because it is relatively easy to implement and can be used to solve a wide variety of problems.

In a transportation problem, the objective is to minimize the total transportation cost, which is the sum of the costs of transporting goods from each source to each destination.

Finding the shortest path in a network is an example of a network optimization problem because it involves finding the path with the minimum total cost or distance between two nodes in a network.

In a knapsack problem, the objective is to maximize the total value of items in the knapsack, subject to a weight constraint.

Scheduling flights for an airline is an example of a dynamic programming problem because it involves making a sequence of decisions (which flights to schedule) over time, where each decision affects the future decisions that can be made.

In a game theory problem, the objective is to maximize the payoff to one player, while taking into account the strategies of the other players.

Scheduling flights for an airline is an example of a multi-objective optimization problem because it involves optimizing multiple objectives (e.g., minimizing the total cost of flights, maximizing the number of passengers served, and minimizing the total flight time) simultaneously.

In a stochastic optimization problem, the objective is to maximize the expected value of the objective function, which is the average value of the objective function over all possible outcomes.

Scheduling flights for an airline is an example of a robust optimization problem because it involves optimizing the schedule to be robust to disruptions (e.g., weather delays, mechanical failures, etc.).

In a bilevel optimization problem, there are two levels of decision-makers: the leader and the follower. The leader makes decisions first, and the follower makes decisions after observing the leader's decisions.

Minimizing the total cost of production is an example of a convex optimization problem because the objective function (the total cost) is a convex function of the decision variables (the production levels).

In a non-convex optimization problem, the objective function is non-convex, which means that it has at least one local minimum that is not a global minimum.

Assigning tasks to workers is an example of a mixed-integer programming problem because some of the decision variables (the number of workers assigned to each task) are integers, while others (the production levels) are continuous.