The concept of judicial review first emerged in the United States in the case of Marbury v. Madison (1803).

John Marshall is considered the father of judicial review due to his opinion in Marbury v. Madison, which established the principle of judicial review in the United States.

The primary purpose of judicial review is to ensure that laws are constitutional, meaning that they are in accordance with the Constitution.

The landmark case of Marbury v. Madison (1803) established the principle of judicial review in the United States.

Stare decisis is the principle of following precedent, which means that courts are generally bound to follow the decisions of higher courts in similar cases.

The United States Constitution does not explicitly grant the Supreme Court the power of judicial review. This power was established through the Supreme Court's decision in Marbury v. Madison (1803).

Judicial review is the process by which a court reviews a law to determine its constitutionality.

Substantive judicial review involves a court examining a law to determine if it violates the rights guaranteed by the Constitution.

Procedural judicial review involves a court examining a law to determine if it was passed in accordance with the proper legal procedures.

Lenient judicial review involves a court giving a broad interpretation to the Constitution in order to uphold a law.

Strict judicial review involves a court giving a narrow interpretation to the Constitution in order to strike down a law.

In Marbury v. Madison (1803), the Supreme Court struck down a law for the first time, establishing the principle of judicial review.

In McCulloch v. Maryland (1819), the Supreme Court upheld a law that was challenged on the grounds that it violated the Commerce Clause, establishing the principle of implied powers.

In McCulloch v. Maryland (1819), the Supreme Court upheld a law that was challenged on the grounds that it violated the Necessary and Proper Clause, establishing the principle of implied powers.

In Gibbons v. Ogden (1824), the Supreme Court upheld a law that was challenged on the grounds that it violated the Supremacy Clause, establishing the principle of federal supremacy.