Marxism is a sociological school of thought that focuses on the role of social conflict and class struggle in shaping society. It argues that the economic structure of society determines the social, political, and cultural institutions, and that class conflict is the driving force of social change.

In functionalist perspective, the family is seen as a key institution that plays a vital role in socializing individuals into societal norms and values, ensuring the smooth functioning and stability of society.

Symbolic Interactionism is a sociological school of thought that emphasizes the role of symbols and meanings in shaping human behavior and social interaction. It argues that individuals interpret and make sense of their social world through the meanings they attach to symbols.

Habitus is a key concept in structuralism, referring to the system of dispositions, values, and practices that individuals acquire through their social experiences and that shape their thoughts, feelings, and actions.

Feminism is a sociological school of thought that focuses on the role of gender in shaping social life and inequalities. It seeks to understand the experiences, perspectives, and contributions of women and other marginalized genders, and to challenge gender-based oppression and discrimination.

Postmodernism rejects the idea of a single, objective reality and instead emphasizes the socially constructed and contingent nature of knowledge and truth. This leads to the rejection of grand narratives and metanarratives that claim to provide a comprehensive and universal explanation of the world.

Cultural Anthropology is a sociological school of thought that focuses on the role of culture in shaping human behavior and social organization. It seeks to understand the beliefs, values, norms, and practices of different cultures and how they influence individuals' lives and interactions.

Symbolic interactionism emphasizes the role of symbolic interaction in shaping the self. It argues that the self is developed and modified through social interaction, as individuals negotiate meanings and identities with others.

Institutionalism is a sociological school of thought that emphasizes the role of social institutions in shaping individual behavior and social outcomes. It argues that institutions, such as the family, education, and the economy, have a profound impact on individuals' lives and opportunities.

In functionalist perspective, the economy is seen as a key institution that plays a vital role in producing and distributing goods and services, ensuring the material well-being and survival of society.

Social Network Analysis is a sociological school of thought that emphasizes the role of social networks and relationships in shaping individual behavior and social outcomes. It seeks to understand how social networks influence individuals' access to resources, opportunities, and information.

In structuralism, the unconscious is a key concept that refers to the unconscious mental structures that shape our thoughts and actions. These unconscious structures are seen as the foundation of our social reality and influence our perceptions, beliefs, and behaviors.

Conflict Theory is a sociological school of thought that emphasizes the role of power and domination in shaping social relations and institutions. It argues that society is characterized by conflict and struggle between different groups and individuals, and that this conflict is the driving force of social change.

Symbolic interactionism emphasizes the role of symbolic interaction in shaping individuals' self-concept. It argues that individuals develop and maintain their self-concept through social interaction, as they negotiate meanings and identities with others.

Social Class Analysis is a sociological school of thought that emphasizes the role of social class in shaping individual life chances and social outcomes. It seeks to understand how social class influences individuals' access to resources, opportunities, and power.