The primary goal of emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases surveillance is to detect and respond to new or re-emerging infectious diseases in order to prevent or control their spread.

Chronic diseases are not considered emerging infectious diseases because they are not caused by a newly discovered or re-emerging infectious agent.

Zoonosis is the term used to describe the process by which an infectious disease spreads from animals to humans.

Influenza is not a vector-borne disease because it is spread through direct contact with respiratory droplets or by touching surfaces contaminated with the virus.

Foodborne disease is the term used to describe an infectious disease that is transmitted through the consumption of contaminated food or water.

Touching surfaces contaminated with the virus is not a common mode of transmission for airborne diseases because the virus is typically spread through direct contact with respiratory droplets.

Pathogenicity is the term used to describe the ability of a microorganism to cause disease.

Improved sanitation can help to prevent the spread of infectious diseases, so it is not a factor that can contribute to their emergence or re-emergence.

Incubation period is the term used to describe the period of time between exposure to an infectious agent and the onset of symptoms.

Headache is not a common symptom of an infectious disease, although it can be a symptom of some infections, such as meningitis.

Isolation, identification, and characterization are all steps involved in the process of identifying and characterizing an infectious agent.

Microscopy is not a common method for diagnosing an infectious disease because it is not always possible to visualize the infectious agent directly.

Research and development, clinical trials, and regulatory approval are all steps involved in the process of developing a vaccine or treatment for an infectious disease.

Using antibiotics is not a common method for preventing the spread of infectious diseases because antibiotics are only effective against bacterial infections.

Surveillance, contact tracing, and case investigation are all steps involved in the process of monitoring the spread of an infectious disease.