Stomata are small pores found on the surface of leaves and stems that allow for the exchange of gases, such as carbon dioxide and oxygen, between the plant and the atmosphere.

Stomata open in response to light intensity, allowing for the uptake of carbon dioxide and the release of oxygen during photosynthesis.

Transpiration is the process by which plants lose water vapor through their leaves, primarily through the stomata.

Transpiration is primarily involved in the transport of water and nutrients, cooling effect, and regulation of water balance, but it is not directly involved in the removal of waste products.

Roots are primarily responsible for absorbing water and nutrients from the soil, which are essential for plant growth and survival.

Taproot systems have a main root that penetrates deep into the soil, providing stability and access to water and nutrients.

Mycorrhizae are symbiotic associations between certain plants and fungi, where the fungus helps the plant absorb water and nutrients from the soil, while the plant provides the fungus with carbohydrates.

Self-pollination is not considered a type of plant-pollinator interaction because it does not involve the transfer of pollen between different plants.

The primary function of flowers in plants is to produce seeds, which contain the genetic material for the next generation of plants.

Increasing leaf area is not an adaptation to drought conditions, as it would lead to increased water loss through transpiration.

Acclimatization is the process by which plants respond to changes in their environment, such as changes in temperature, light intensity, or water availability.

Increasing growth rate is not a plant defense mechanism against herbivores, as it does not directly deter or prevent herbivory.

Mutualism is a relationship between a plant and an animal that benefits both organisms, such as the relationship between flowering plants and pollinators.

Photosynthesis is a process that occurs in plants, not a type of plant-soil interaction.

Photosynthesis is the process by which plants convert light energy into chemical energy, primarily in the form of glucose.