High levels of social cohesion, characterized by strong community ties and a sense of collective responsibility, are generally associated with lower levels of crime and violence.

Spatial concentration of crime refers to the tendency for crime and violence to cluster in specific neighborhoods or areas within a city.

Urban crime and violence often lead to increased fear and anxiety among residents, reduced economic activity and investment, and deterioration of the physical environment. Improved social cohesion and community resilience are not typically associated with crime and violence.

Community policing aims to build relationships between police officers and community members, fostering trust and cooperation to address crime and safety concerns.

While increasing the number of prisons and implementing harsher punishments may have a short-term impact on crime rates, they do not address the root causes of crime and violence and may lead to other negative consequences.

Integration refers to the process by which urban areas become more diverse and inclusive, with different groups of people living together in harmony.

Environmental crime, while a serious issue, is not typically considered a common type of urban crime.

Crime reduction refers to the process by which crime and violence decrease in an urban area.

Urban crime and violence often lead to increased fear and anxiety among residents, reduced economic activity and investment, and deterioration of the physical environment. Improved social cohesion and community resilience are not typically associated with crime and violence.

Spatial concentration of crime refers to the tendency for crime and violence to cluster in specific neighborhoods or areas within a city.

While increasing the number of prisons and implementing harsher punishments may have a short-term impact on crime rates, they do not address the root causes of crime and violence and may lead to other negative consequences.

Integration refers to the process by which urban areas become more diverse and inclusive, with different groups of people living together in harmony.

Environmental crime, while a serious issue, is not typically considered a common type of urban crime.

Crime reduction refers to the process by which crime and violence decrease in an urban area.