Age structure refers to the distribution of a population into different age groups.

Birth rate is a component of population dynamics, not population structure.

Sex ratio refers to the ratio of males to females in a population.

Cultural norms, sex-selective abortion, and migration patterns can all affect the sex ratio of a population.

Literacy rate refers to the percentage of a population that is able to read and write.

Access to education, economic development, and cultural norms can all affect the literacy rate of a population.

Occupational structure refers to the distribution of a population according to occupation.

Economic development, technological change, and cultural norms can all affect the occupational structure of a population.

Population dynamics refers to the process by which the composition of a population changes over time.

Birth rates, death rates, and migration patterns can all affect population dynamics.

Demographic transition refers to the stage in which a population's growth rate slows down and eventually reaches a stable level.

Economic development, improved healthcare, and increased education can all contribute to the demographic transition.

Carrying capacity refers to the maximum population size that an environment can support.

Availability of resources, pollution, and climate change can all affect the carrying capacity of an environment.

Population implosion refers to the process by which a population's size decreases rapidly.