Phytoplankton, through photosynthesis, produce oxygen as a byproduct, contributing significantly to the dissolved oxygen content in the ocean.

Chlorine is the dominant element contributing to the salinity of seawater, accounting for approximately 55% of the total dissolved solids.

Ocean Acidification refers to the ongoing decrease in the pH of seawater due to the absorption of atmospheric carbon dioxide.

Iron is a crucial micronutrient for phytoplankton growth, and its availability can limit primary productivity in certain regions of the ocean.

Carbon Sequestration refers to the process by which marine organisms, particularly phytoplankton, absorb carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and convert it into organic matter through photosynthesis.

Calcium is essential for the formation of coral skeletons, which are composed primarily of calcium carbonate.

The Ocean Carbon Cycle refers to the continuous exchange of carbon between the ocean and the atmosphere, including processes such as carbon sequestration and the release of carbon dioxide through respiration and decomposition.

Sodium is the dominant element in sea salt, accounting for approximately 30% of its composition.

The Ocean Carbon Cycle includes the process of decomposition, where marine organisms break down organic matter into inorganic nutrients, such as nitrate and phosphate, which are essential for primary productivity.

Calcium is essential for the formation of marine snow, which is composed of aggregates of organic matter, calcium carbonate, and other particles.

The Ocean Carbon Cycle includes the process of photosynthesis, where marine organisms, particularly phytoplankton, produce oxygen as a byproduct.

Sodium is a major component of marine aerosols, which are tiny particles of sea salt that are released into the atmosphere through wave action and wind.

The Ocean Carbon Cycle includes the process of primary productivity, where marine organisms, particularly phytoplankton, convert inorganic nutrients, such as nitrate and phosphate, into organic matter through photosynthesis.

Calcium is essential for the formation of marine carbonates, which are found in the shells of marine organisms and in marine sediments.

The Ocean Carbon Cycle includes the process of respiration, where marine organisms release carbon dioxide as a byproduct of cellular metabolism.