Section 3 of the Act empowers the Central Government to take all such measures as it deems necessary or expedient for the purpose of protecting and improving the environment.

Under Section 15 of the Act, causing environmental pollution is punishable with imprisonment for a term up to 5 years, or with a fine up to Rs. 1 lakh, or with both.

Section 17 of the Act empowers the Central Government to establish or recognize environmental laboratories for the purpose of analyzing samples of air, water, soil or other substances.

The Environment Protection Rules, 1986 serve all of the purposes mentioned in the options.

Section 3 of the Act empowers the Central Government to declare certain areas as ecologically sensitive, in order to protect and conserve the environment of such areas.

Under Section 15 of the Act, violating the provisions of the Act is punishable with imprisonment for a term up to 5 years, or with a fine up to Rs. 1 lakh, or with both.

Section 22 of the Act provides for the establishment of the National Environment Appellate Authority, which is responsible for hearing appeals against orders and decisions of the Central Government and the State Governments under the Act.

The Environment Protection (Second Amendment) Rules, 1992 serve all of the purposes mentioned in the options.

Section 5 of the Act empowers the Central Government to issue directions to any person or authority for the prevention, control or abatement of environmental pollution.

Under Section 15 of the Act, failing to comply with the directions issued by the Central Government under Section 5 is punishable with imprisonment for a term up to 5 years, or with a fine up to Rs. 1 lakh, or with both.

Section 3 of the Act provides for the establishment of the Central Pollution Control Board, which is responsible for the prevention and control of environmental pollution.

The Environment Protection (Amendment) Act, 2002 serves all of the purposes mentioned in the options.

Section 3 of the Act empowers the Central Government to declare certain areas as 'ecologically fragile', in order to protect and conserve the environment of such areas.

Under Section 15 of the Act, causing environmental pollution in an 'ecologically fragile' area is punishable with imprisonment for a term up to 7 years, or with a fine up to Rs. 5 lakh, or with both.

Section 5 of the Act empowers the Central Government to issue directions to any person or authority for the prevention, control or abatement of environmental pollution in an 'ecologically fragile' area.