Aryabhata, who lived in the 5th century CE, is often referred to as the "Father of Indian Mathematics" due to his significant contributions to astronomy, mathematics, and trigonometry.

Brahmagupta, a renowned mathematician from the 7th century CE, is credited with introducing the concept of zero as a placeholder and a number in its own right, revolutionizing the field of mathematics.

The Fibonacci sequence, known for its intriguing patterns and applications, was first described in the Indian mathematical text "Brahmasphuta Siddhanta" by Brahmagupta in the 7th century CE.

Aryabhata, in his seminal work "Aryabhatiya," introduced the concept of the decimal system, which revolutionized the way numbers were represented and facilitated complex calculations.

Aryabhata, in addition to his contributions to the decimal system, is also credited with developing the trigonometric sine function, a fundamental concept in trigonometry.

Bhaskara II, a renowned mathematician from the 12th century CE, is recognized as one of the pioneers of calculus in India. His work on derivatives and infinitesimals laid the groundwork for the development of calculus.

Brahmagupta, in his treatise "Brahmasphuta Siddhanta," introduced the concept of negative numbers, allowing for a more comprehensive understanding of mathematical operations.

Aryabhata, in his work "Aryabhatiya," provided an accurate approximation of the value of pi (π), demonstrating the advanced astronomical knowledge of Indian mathematicians.

Bhaskara II, in his treatise "Lilavati," recognized the existence of irrational numbers, expanding the understanding of mathematical concepts beyond rational numbers.

Srinivasa Ramanujan, a brilliant Indian mathematician from the 20th century, made significant contributions to number theory and is renowned for his work on the Riemann hypothesis.

The "Sulba Sutras" contain geometric constructions that demonstrate the understanding of the Pythagorean theorem, a fundamental concept in geometry.

Brahmagupta, in his work "Brahmasphuta Siddhanta," developed the concept of quadratic equations and provided methods for solving them.

Bhaskara II, in his treatise "Lilavati," explored the concept of infinity and its implications in mathematics.

Brahmagupta wrote a treatise on navigation and astronomy titled "Khandakhadyaka," which was widely used by sailors and astronomers for centuries.

Bhaskara II developed a method for calculating combinations and permutations, which is known as the "Pascal's triangle" method.