Aryabhata, who lived in the 5th century CE, is considered the father of Indian mathematics for his groundbreaking work in astronomy, mathematics, and trigonometry.

Aryabhata's seminal work, the Aryabhatiya, is a comprehensive treatise that covers topics such as arithmetic, algebra, trigonometry, and astronomy.

Brahmagupta, a renowned mathematician of the 7th century CE, is credited with introducing the concept of zero as a number and a placeholder in the decimal system.

Brahmagupta's Formula, also known as Brahmagupta's Quadrilateral Formula, is a mathematical formula used to calculate the area of a cyclic quadrilateral.

Bhaskara II, a renowned mathematician of the 12th century CE, made significant contributions to trigonometry, including the development of trigonometric identities and the sine table.

Bhaskara II's Lilavati is a comprehensive treatise that covers various mathematical topics, including algebra, arithmetic, trigonometry, and geometry.

Brahmagupta made significant contributions to indeterminate equations and Diophantine analysis, a branch of mathematics that deals with finding integer solutions to algebraic equations.

Varahamihira's Theorem, also known as the Sine Complement Theorem, establishes a relationship between the sine of an angle and the sine of its complement.

Bhaskara II made significant contributions to permutations and combinations, including the development of Pascal's triangle, a triangular array of binomial coefficients.

Varahamihira's Panchasiddhantika is a comprehensive treatise that covers topics such as astronomy, astrology, and mathematics, including trigonometry and algebra.

Bhaskara II made significant contributions to the study of the Fibonacci sequence and the golden ratio, a special number approximately equal to 1.618.

Aryabhata's Aryabhatiya is a comprehensive treatise that covers topics such as astronomy, mathematics, and trigonometry, including the use of sine and cosine functions.

Bhaskara II made significant contributions to the concept of infinity and the development of calculus, including the use of infinitesimals and the idea of limits.

Brahmagupta's Brahma Siddhanta is a comprehensive treatise that covers topics such as astronomy, mathematics, and trigonometry, including the use of sine and cosine functions.

Brahmagupta made significant contributions to the concept of negative numbers and the development of algebraic equations, including the use of quadratic equations and the solution of indeterminate equations.