The case of Olga Tellis v. Bombay Municipal Corporation (1985) is widely regarded as the landmark case that established the concept of PIL in India.

Justice V.R. Krishna Iyer is often credited as the 'Father of PIL' in India for his pioneering role in expanding the scope of PIL and making it an effective tool for social justice.

The primary objective of PIL is to protect the fundamental rights of citizens, address issues of public concern, and ensure access to justice for marginalized groups.

PIL is not always adversarial in nature. It can also be used to seek collaborative solutions to public interest issues.

PIL has contributed to the expansion of fundamental rights in India by interpreting constitutional provisions broadly, recognizing new rights as fundamental rights, and enforcing fundamental rights through judicial activism.

PIL has been used to address a wide range of public interest issues in India, including environmental protection, consumer rights, human rights, and many others.

PIL in India faces challenges such as lack of awareness among the public, limited resources for PIL litigation, and judicial reluctance to intervene in policy matters.

Landmark PIL cases like Vishaka v. State of Rajasthan, M.C. Mehta v. Union of India, and Narmada Bachao Andolan v. Union of India have had a significant impact on Indian society by addressing issues such as sexual harassment, environmental protection, and displacement of indigenous communities.

PIL has contributed to the strengthening of democracy in India by empowering citizens to hold the government accountable, promoting transparency and responsiveness in governance, and providing a platform for public participation in decision-making.

The future prospects and challenges for PIL in India include expanding the scope of PIL to address new and emerging issues, enhancing the capacity of courts to handle PIL cases effectively, and promoting public awareness and education about PIL.