Roadways are the primary mode of transportation for the majority of the Indian population due to their extensive network and affordability.

The lack of adequate transportation infrastructure in India has far-reaching consequences, including limited access to education and employment opportunities, increased poverty and social isolation, and poor healthcare and sanitation services.

The Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana is a government initiative that aims to improve transportation infrastructure and connectivity in rural areas of India by constructing and upgrading roads.

Public transportation plays a crucial role in promoting social equity in India by enhancing mobility and accessibility for marginalized communities, reducing transportation costs and improving affordability, and promoting sustainable and environmentally friendly transportation.

The lack of transportation options for people with disabilities has a profound impact on their social inclusion, limiting their access to education and employment opportunities, increasing their dependence on others for mobility, and leading to social isolation and exclusion.

The Indian government has implemented several policies to promote the use of electric vehicles, including the National Electric Mobility Mission Plan 2020, the Faster Adoption and Manufacturing of Hybrid and Electric Vehicles (FAME) Scheme, and the Electric Vehicle Policy 2021.

The development of high-speed rail networks in India contributes to social equity by reducing travel time and improving connectivity between cities, enhancing access to employment and educational opportunities, and promoting regional development and economic growth.

The transportation sector in India faces several challenges in terms of social equity, including insufficient infrastructure in rural areas, lack of affordable and accessible public transportation, and inadequate transportation options for people with disabilities.

To make transportation planning and policymaking more inclusive and equitable in India, it is essential to involve marginalized communities in decision-making processes, prioritize the needs of vulnerable populations, and promote sustainable and environmentally friendly transportation.

Technology plays a crucial role in addressing transportation-related social equity issues in India by developing innovative transportation solutions, improving accessibility and mobility for marginalized communities, and promoting sustainable and environmentally friendly transportation.

The lack of transportation options for women and girls has a profound impact on their social and economic empowerment, limiting their access to education and employment opportunities, increasing their vulnerability to violence and harassment, and perpetuating gender inequality and discrimination.

Best practices in transportation planning and policymaking that promote social equity in India include prioritizing public transportation and non-motorized transport, investing in transportation infrastructure in underserved areas, and implementing policies that promote affordable and accessible transportation.

To make transportation systems more inclusive and equitable for people with disabilities, it is essential to make public transportation accessible for wheelchair users, provide accessible information and signage, and train transportation staff to assist people with disabilities.

Key indicators used to measure transportation equity in India include access to public transportation, affordability of transportation, and travel time and reliability.

Transportation infrastructure development has a profound impact on the social and economic development of a region, enhancing connectivity and accessibility, promoting economic growth and job creation, and improving access to education and healthcare services.