Vaccine and immunization - class-VIII
Description: vaccine and immunization | |
Number of Questions: 36 | |
Created by: Prajapati Rathore | |
Tags: biology infectious diseases and how to prevent them diseases and first aid human health and disease diseases and immunity health and disease zoology cell biology and biotechnology world of microbes evs - i aids to health immune system human health and diseases our health, diseases and prevention |
Vaccines which are to be avoided during pregnancy are all except:
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Rubella vaccine
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Hepatitis B vaccine
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Tetanus vaccine
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Influenza vaccine
- Vaccines which are to be avoided during pregnancy include rubella vaccine, small pox vaccine and oral polio-myelitis vaccine
Vaccine is
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Live oral pathogen
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Inactivated antigen
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Inactivated pathogen
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Complete pathogen
A vaccine is a biological preparation that provides acquired immunity to a particular disease. A vaccine typically contains an agent that resembles a disease-causing micro-organism and is often made from weakened (attenuated) or killed forms of the pathogen, its toxins or one of its surface proteins.
Therefore, the correct answer is option C.
Germ of germ-substance introduced into the body to prevent the occurrence of an infectious disease is known as
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Vaccine
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Toxoids
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Cytokine
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None of these
BCG vaccination is to be given to a new born child
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Immediately after child birth
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Within 48 hours
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Within seven days
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Within six month
These are the antigenic substance produced from the causative agent of disease, which helps in providing immunity against one or more disease. BCG stands for Bacille Calmette Guerin, is the vaccine provided against the disease tuberculosis (TB). It is given to 6 months old babies.
Statement (SI) : Injections provided against the tetanus is a passive immunization
Statement (SII) : Injection provided against the tetanus contains preformed antibodies
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Statements SI and SII are correct
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Statement SI is correct but SII is incorrect
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Statement SI is incorrect but SII is correct
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Statement SI is incorrect bur SII is correct
Passive immunization is the immunity which develops due to the administration of antibodies for protection from the antigens persisting in the body. Tetanus injection is given against the bacteria Clostridium tetani. It has antibodies administered which fight this infection.
In the following vaccine, how many vaccines are killed vaccine
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Five
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Four
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Three
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Two
Vaccines produced through genetic engineering are safe as?
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They contain antigen only from coat of pathogen
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They are least active form of virus
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They are attenuated form of pathogen
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All the above
Vaccines contain dead or weakened microbes.
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True
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False
Identify the incorrect match for discovery of following vaccines:
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Injectable Polio vaccine : Jonas Salk
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Vaccine against Small box : Edward Jenner
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Rabies vaccine : Rober Koch
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Yellow Fever Vaccine : M. Theiler
Rabies, Anthrax and Cholera vaccines were discovered by Louis Pasteur
The first vaccination was discovered by:
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Robert Brown
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Robin cook
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Edward Jenner
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Alexander Fleming
Smallpox vaccine, the first successful vaccine to be developed, was introduced by Edward Jenner in 1796. He followed up his observation that milkmaids who had previously caught cowpox did not later catch smallpox by showing that inoculated cowpox protected against inoculated smallpox.
Penicillin was discovered by
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Waksman
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Dubois
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Roberk koch
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A. Flemming
Waksman is known for his discovery of streptomycin, the first antibiotic effective against tuberculosis.
The human body is immune to which of the following diseases?
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Small pox
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Diabetes
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Tuberculosis
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Jaundice
Vaccines are
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Same as monoclonal antibodies
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Treated bacteria or viruses or one of their proteins
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MHC proteins
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Strands of nucleic acids
Some vaccines contain live, attenuated (weak or inactivated) microorganisms. Although most attenuated vaccines are viral, some are bacterial in nature. Examples include the viral diseases yellow fever, measles, rubella, and mumps, and the bacterial disease typhoid. The live Mycobacterium tuberculosis vaccine contains a virulently modified strain called BCG used to elicit an immune response to the vaccine. The live attenuated vaccine-containing strain Yersinia pestis is used for plague immunization. Rather than introducing an inactivated or attenuated micro-organism to an immune system, a fragment of it (protein subunit) can create an immune response. Examples include the subunit vaccine against hepatitis B virus that is composed of only the surface proteins of the virus, the virus-like particle (VLP) vaccine against human papillomavirus (HPV) that is composed of the viral major capsid protein.
Vaccine is a
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Collection of antibiotics
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Collection of life saving drugs
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Collection of heat killed disease causing bacteria and viruses
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Collection of lysins
A vaccine is a biological preparation which provides active acquired immunity to a particular disease. A vaccine contains an agent that resembles a disease-causing microorganism and is often made from weakened or killed forms of the microbe, its toxins or one of its surface proteins. The agent stimulates the body's immune system to recognize the agent as a threat, destroy it and keep a record of it so that the immune system can more easily recognize and destroy any of these microorganisms that it later encounters.
Mark the correct statement
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The only available vaccine is BCG
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Children it decreases the risk of getting the infection by $20$% and the risk of infection turning into disease by nearly $60$%
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Both A and B
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None of these
The only available is BCG.
Children it decreases the risk of getting the infection by $20$% and the risk of infection turning into disease by nearly $60$%. tuberculosis is a communicable disease.
Which people are at risk of getting a particular disease ?
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Who never had vaccine
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Who didn't receive all doses of vaccine
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Who travel to disease prevalent areas
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All of the above
Many people could still be at risk of getting a particular disease example polio. This includes those people who have never had the vaccine, those who didn't receive all doses of the vaccine, or those traveling to areas of the world where polio is still prevalent. Therefore, (d) is the correct answer.
What is the main function of vaccine ?
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Kill the microbes
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Destroy the affected organ
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Suppress the microbes
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Stimulate the body's immune system
Vaccines stimulate the body's own immune system to protect the person against subsequent infection or disease. As vaccines contains heat killed microbes which are able to stimulate immune system. Therefore, (d) is the correct answer.
Vaccines are important for
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Children
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Adults
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Both A and B
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None of the above
- Vaccines are the suspension of weakened or killed microorganism which generates the immune response.
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It provides active acquired immunity to a particular disease. It is important for both, adults and children, as they can protect us from the many diseases.
Vaccines are _______
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Always harmful
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Always useful
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It is useful or harmful it depends on the type of administration of vaccines
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All of the above
Vaccines are suspensions of killed or weakened microbes or products or derivatives of micro organisms. A vaccine produces immunity to a disease by stimulating the production of antibodies. So, it is always useful.
Suspensions of killed or weakened microbes or derivatives of microorganisms are called ________
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Drugs
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Probiotics
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Vaccines
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Antibiotics
Vaccines are suspensions of killed or weakened microbes or products or derivatives of micro organisms. A vaccine produces immunity to a disease by stimulating the production of antibodies.
Vaccines are used for
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Plants only
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Animals only
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Both A and B
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None of these
These days vaccines are made on a large scale from micro organism to protect humans, animals and plants from several diseases.
.................. provides active acquired immunity from a particular disease.
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Alcohol
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Vaccine
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Medicine
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All of the above
A vaccine can be defined as a biological preparation that provides active acquired immunity to a particular disease. A vaccine typically contains an agent that resembles a disease-causing microorganism and is often made from weakened (attenuated) or killed forms of the microbe, its toxins or one of its surface proteins. The agent stimulates the body's immune system to recognize the agent as a threat, destroy it, and keep a record of it, so that the immune system can more easily recognize and destroy any of these micro-organisms that it later encounters.
_________ is prepared by killing the microorganisms.
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Antibiotics
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Antibody
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Vaccine
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Drug
Who initially developed the vaccine for rabies in man?
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Robert Koch
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Joseph Lister
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Louis Pasteur
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Stanely
- Vaccines are the suspension of the live or killed microorganism which mainly activates the immune response.
- Louis Pasteur produced the first vaccine for rabies by growing the virus in rabbits.
- Pasteur was the first scientist to artificially attenuate viruses for use in vaccines.
- He created several veterinary vaccines before his development of the rabies vaccine in 1885 for use in humans.
- So, the correct answer is option C.
The process of attenuation was demonstrated by
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Koch
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Pasteur
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Edward Jenner
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None of the above
Attenuation is a process of injecting dead or weakened organisms of a particular disease into a healthy individual. So, as to create an active immunity against the infection. This was 1$^{st}$ demonstrated by Edward Jenner by administering cow pox virus (non fatal disease) to prevent small pox (fatal viral disease) infection.
DPT vaccine is given for preventing
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Tetanus, polio and plague
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Diphtheria, whooping cough and leprosy
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Diphtheria, pneumonia and tetanus
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Diphtheria, whooping cough and tetanus
DPT (also DTP and DTwP) refers to a class of combination vaccines against three infectious diseases in humans: diphtheria, pertussis (whooping cough) and tetanus. The vaccine components include diphtheria and tetanus toxoids and killed whole cells of the organism that causes pertussis (wP).
Vaccines are prepared from
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Vitamins
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Blood
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Attenuated bacteria or inactivated viruses
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Plasma
A vaccine is a biological preparation that provides active acquired immunity to a particular disease. Generally, vaccines are composed of the surface proteins of the virus, extracted from the blood serum of the infected patients.
Thus, the correct answer is option (C), 'Serum'.
Inoculation of a suspension of killed or attenuated pathogenic micro-organisms to stimulate the formation of antibodies is known as
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Vaccination
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Antibiotic treatment
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Serum therapy
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Transplantation
A vaccine contains an agent that resembles a disease-causing microorganism and is often made from weakened or killed forms of the microbes, its toxins or one of its surface proteins. The agent stimulates the body's immune system to recognize the agent as a threat, destroy it and keep a record of it so that the immune system can more easily recognize and destroy any of these microbes that it later encounter.
Antibiotics are a type of antimicrobial, used in the treatment and prevention of bacterial infection.
The serum is the clear yellowish fluid which is obtained upon separating whole blood into its solid and liquid components after it has been allowed to clot.
Antitoxins are antibodies that counteract a toxin.
Developing a vaccine for SARS is difficult because
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It spreads by infectious materials
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It is an enveloped virus
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It is constantly changing it's form
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It has ssRNA
Safe and effective means of producing artificial immunity against small pox by vaccine was first discovered by
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Edward Jenner
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Haffkine
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Dr. Salk
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L. Pasteur
- A vaccine is a biological preparation that provides active acquired immunity to a particular disease. A vaccine typically contains an agent that resembles a disease-causing microorganism and is often made from weakened or killed forms of the microbe, its toxins, or one of its surface proteins.
- Smallpox vaccine was discovered by Edward Jenner. It was the first successful vaccine ever to be developed and remains the only effective preventive treatment for the fatal smallpox disease.
- Hence Safe and effective means of producing artificial immunity against smallpox by the vaccine was first discovered by Edward Jenner.
- So, the correct answer is 'Edward Jenner'.
First DPT dose be given when the baby is
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Six weeks old
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Fourteen weeks old
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Nine months old
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2-5 years old
DPT is a vaccine that stands for diphtheria, pertussis and tetanus. As a general rule for all newly born children, it is essential to give the first dose of DPT at the age of 6 weeks. DPT vaccine provides immunization against diphtheria, pertussis (whooping cough) and tetanus.
Vaccines are
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treated bacteria or viruses or one of their proteins
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MHC proteins
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the same as monoclonal antibodies
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all of the above
A vaccine is a biological preparation that provides active acquired immunity to a particular disease. A vaccine typically contains an agent that resembles a disease-causing microorganism and is often made from weakened or killed forms of the microbe, its toxins, or one of its surface proteins.
A vaccine is usually given?
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At any time
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At the time disease causing germs enters the body
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Before the symptoms of the disease appeared
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None of these
At present, animal cell culture technology is extensively used for the production of
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Chylomicrons
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Antibiotics
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Vaccines
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Edible proteins
The animal cell lines are cultured in the laboratory on the artificial media which requires a specific temperature. Biological products produced by recombinant DNA (rDNA) technology in animal cell cultures include enzymes, synthetic hormones, immunobiological (monoclonal antibodies, interleukins, lymphokines), and anticancer agents.
What is a vaccine?
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Treated bacteria, virus or protein
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Treated algae
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Activated fungi
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Plant preparation
A vaccine is a biological preparation which provides active acquired immunity to a particular disease. A vaccine typically contains an agent that resembles a disease-causing microorganism and is often made from weakened (attenuated) or killed forms of the microbe, its toxins or one of its surface proteins. The agent stimulates the body's immune system to recognize the agent as a threat, destroy it and keep a record of it so that the immune system can more easily recognize and destroy any of these microorganisms that it later encounters.
Consider the following statements (a-e) each with one or two blanks.
a. Lactobacillus promotes the curdling of milk by creating a (1) environment.
b. Vaccines employ the use of (2). They give protection against (3) diseases.
c. The (4) Anopheles mosquitoes are carriers of malaria and dengue is spread by (5) Aedes mosquito.
d. The crops that require more water for growth and are sown in the month of June are called (6) crops, while those that require less water for growth and are grown during the winter season are called (7) crops.
e. Manual scattering of seeds in the field is called __(8)_.
Select the correct option to fill any four or five blanks.
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(1) Acidic , (2) antibodies, (3) bacterial, (4) female
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(1) Alkaline, (4) female, (5) male, (6) kharif, (7) rabi
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(1) Acidic, (6) kharif, (7) rabi, (8) winnowing
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(2) Weak germs, (4) female, (5) female, (6) kharif, (7) rabi
Lactobacillus promotes curdling of milk by creating an acidic environment. A vaccine is a biological preparation that provides active acquired immunity to a particular disease. It is made from weakened or killed forms of the microbe, its toxins or one of its surface proteins. Human malaria is transmitted only by females of the genus Anopheles. Dengue is spread through the bite of the female mosquito (Aedes aegypti). Kharif crops are those crops which are grown in monsoon season from the month of June to September. They need more water than rabi crops for their growth and development. Broadcasting is the method of random scattering of seeds on the surface of the seedbed. It can be done manually or mechanically.