Domingos Paes came to India in the time of Krishnadevaraya, the most powerful king Vijayanagara Empire ever had. Domingo Paes was a Portuguese traveller who visited Vijayanagara Empire around the year 1520. He witnessed not just the wealth of Vijayanagara but also the most gallantly fought battles in the history of Vijayanagara --The Battle of Raichur between the grand army of Krishna Deva Raya and Adil Shah of Bijapur.

Hampi is a village and temple town recognised as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in northern Karnataka, India. It is located within the ruins of the city of Vijayanagara, the former capital of the Vijayanagara Empire.

Rakkasa Thangadi or Thalikote war which ruined the glory of Vijayanagara dynasty was held in 1565. The battle took place at Talikota, today a town in northern Karnataka, about 80 kilometres to the southeast from the city of Bijapur. The treacherous defeat of Vijayanagara Empire, followed subsequent destruction and looting which became short lived before the mighty successors of Rama Raya.

The Vijaynagara empire also known as (Karnata empire) and the kingdom of Bisnegar were based in the Deccan plateau region in the south region.

The Vijayanagar kingdom was one of the important kingdoms in the medieval Indian history. Vijaynagar Dynasty rules over India for 3 centuries. The Vijayanagara kingdom was founded by Harihara and Bukka of the Sangama dynasty in 1336.

The Vijayanagar empire emerged in fourteenth century India. Two brothers, Hakka (Harihara I )and Bukka Raya, laid the foundations of the Vijaynagar capital and of the empire.  Also known as the Sangama brothers, these two brothers consolidated their power and then expanded it.

The battle of Raichur fought by Sri Krishnadevaraya, King of Vijayanagar empire and Ismail Adil Shah, the king of Bijapur. It was a turning point in the history of south India in the 16th century. It resulted in a decisive victory for Vijayanagar forces and the Bijapur ruler was defeated and pushed across the river Krishna.

The persian ambassador who visited Vijayanagara empire in 1443 was Abdul Razak. He was a Persian, Timurid chronicler and a scholar who visited the Vijaynagar Kingdom at the time of Dev Raya II as an ambassador of Shah Rukh, the Timurid dynasty ruler of Persia. He gives an account of the reign of Devaraya II in his Matla as Sadain Wa Majma ul Bahrain.

Sangama dynasty ruled from 1336 to 1485 A.D. Harihara I was the first ruler of Vijayanagara kingdom. He ruled from 1336 to 1357 A.D. He annexed Hoysala territories. The rivalry between Vijayanagara kingdom and Bahmani kingdom was started during his period in annexing the Krishna-Tungabhadra Doab. Bukka I ascended the throne after the death of his brother Harihara.

Thalikote war which ruined the glory of Vijayanagara dynasty was held in 1565. The battle took place at Talikota, today a town in northern Karnataka, about 80 kilometres to the southeast from the city of Bijapur. The treacherous defeat of Vijayanagara Empire, followed subsequent destruction and looting which became short lived before the mighty successors of Rama Raya.

Sri Krishnadevaraya concluded a treaty with the Portuguese in 1510. It allowed them to build forts in Bhatka and to trade in Goa. In return, Portuguese agreed to supply the best quality of war horses to the king. 

The Battle of Talikota was fought between Vijaynagar Kingdom and Sultanates of Deccan. The Vijaynagar Kingdom was defeated in the Battle. The war took place on 26th January, 1565. After the death of Krishna Deva Raya the fall of Vijayanagar Empire began. Two rulers Achyuta Raya and Sadasiva Raya were weak.

Saluva dynasty ruled Vijayanagara Empire from 1485 to 1505 A.D. Saluva Narasimha Deva Raya was the founder of this dynasty.

Devaraya II also known as Proudha Devaraya. He ascended the throne in 1422. and ruled upto 1446 A.D. Devaraya II is also known as Prouda Devaraya. Inducted a large number of Musims in the army (their induction however had begun during Devraya’s I reign). Nuniz informs us that a large number of kings paid tribute to him.

The successor of Saluva Narasimha was Immadi Narasimha. Narasimha's eldest son, Thimma Bhupa, was murdered by an army commander and one of Narasa's enemies in 1492 so Narasimha's youngest son, Narasimha Raya II, ascended his brother to the throne as king. He was enthroned as Immadi Narasimha. Although he was named king, the authentic control came from Narasa’s eldest son and successor, best known as Vira Narasimha. He ordered the murder of Immadi Narasimha in 1505. He then ascended the throne and inaugurated the Tuluva dynasty, the third dynasty of Vijayanagar and reigned from 1503-1509

Tirumala was the first king of Aravidu dynasty but his brother Rama Raya later ascended the throne of Aravidu Dynasty which was fourth and last dynasty of the Hindu empire of Vijayanagar in southern India. Rama Raya had been the masterful regent of the Sadasiva Raya of the Tuluva dynasty. 

Sadasiva Raya was a ruler of the Vijayanagara Empire, a powerful South Indian empire based in the Deccan in 16th century India. The reign was from 1542-1570. They lost their empire to Aravidu dynasty.

In the year 1420 or 1421 A.D. during the Vijayanagara Empire, Nicolo Conti, an European visitor visited India during the reign of Deva Raya II. It was during this time that the explorer Nicolo Conti and Persian chronicler Abdur Razzak arrived in South India. His visit must have taken place shortly after the accession of Deva Raya II.

The Kalinga king Prataparudra Gajapati was defeated by Sri Krishna devaraya. Krishnadevaraya planned for an invasion of mainland Kalinga-Utkal but the Gajapati Emperor, Prataparudra, privy of this plan had built up a strategy to rout the Vijayanagara army and along with it its king, Krishnadevaraya. The confrontation was to happen at the fort of Kalinganagar. But the wily Timmarasu secured the information by bribing a Telugu deserter, formerly under the service of the mighty Prataprudra deva. Prataprudra was driven to Cuttack, the capital of the Gajapati empire and eventually surrendered to Vijaynagar, giving his daughter Princess Annapurna Devi in marriage to Sri Krishna Deva Raya.

Vitthala Temple was built during the reign of King Devaraya II, one of the rulers of the Vijayanagara Empire. The Vittala Temple or Vitthala Temple in Hampi is an ancient monument that is well-known for its exceptional architecture and unmatched craftsmanship. It is considered to be one of the largest and the most famous structure in Hampi.

Tenali Ramakrishna wrote Pauduranga Mahatyam, which is dedicated to Krishnadeva Raya's grandson, and so it is believed that he was only a boy poet during Krishnadevaraya. He was known for wit and prodigious poetry written in the Telugu language. Scholars treat his famous work Panduranga Mahatyam as the one among the Pancha Kavyas, the five great books of Telugu Literature.

Harihara, also called Hakka, was the founder of the Vijayanagara empire. He was Bhavana Sangama’s eldest son and was the founder of the Sangama dynasty, the first among the four dynasties that ruled Vijayanagara.

The early life of Hakka and his brother Bukka is relatively unknown and most accounts are based on various theories.

Ramraya was the last ruler of the Vijayanagar empire.

The Virupaksha temple was built over centuries while inscriptions suggest that the earliest shrine dated to the ninth-tenth century. It was substantially enlarged with the establishment of the Vijayanagara Empire.

The Behamani kingdom in the Deccan was founded by Hasan Gangu in 1347.

Hampi is located on the Northern bank of Tungabhadra river, which formed the nucleus of the Vijayanagara Empire, founded in 1336. The magnificent ruins at Hampi reveal a well-fortified city. 

Vijaynagar empire was built by two brothers Harihar and Bukka in 1336. It was named after the city of Vijayanagara which was the capital of this empire. The most powerful ruler of this empire was Krishnadeva Raya. Virupaksha was a form of Shiva which was chosen as a tutelary deity of the Vijayanagara Kings. After the death of Krishanadeva Raya, this empire gradually declined in power. Realising this weakness, Muslim Sultans of Ahmednagar, Bidar, Berar, Bijapur, and Golkonda joined their hand together and defeated their common enemy Vijayanagara in the battle of Talikota in 1565.

Krishnadevaraya was the greatest ruler in the history of the Vijayanagar empire. He was the third ruler of the Tuluva Dynasty. He became the dominant ruler by defeating the Sultans of Bijapur, Golconda, the Bahmani Sultanate and the Gajapatis of Odisha. He was one of the most powerful of all the Hindu rulers of India 

Ashtadiggajas is the collective title given to the eight Telugu poets in the court of the emperor Sri Krishnadevaraya who ruled the Vijayanagara Empire from 1509 until his death in 1529. During his reign, Telugu literature and culture reached its zenith. In his court, eight poets were regarded as the eight pillars of his literary assembly. The age of Ashtadiggajas is called Prabhanda age (1540 AD to 1600).

Battle of Talikota in 1565 considered as the major downfall of the Vijayanagar Empire. The combined armies of Deccan Sultanates, that is, Bijapur, Golconda and Ahmednagar attacked the Vijayanagara kingdom and defeated the army of Vijayanagar King Rama Raya and killed him during the war.

in 1565 Rama Raya, the chief minister of Vijayanagara, led the army into battle at Rakshasi-Tangadi (also known as Talikota), where his forces were routed by the combined armies of Bijapur, Ahmadnagar, and Golconda. The victorious armies sacked the city of Vijayanagara. The city was totally abandoned within a few years. The empire shifted to the east where the Aravidu dynasty ruled from Penukonda and later from Chandragiri (near Tirupati).

Answer - (B) - He was the founder of the Tuluva dynasty

One of the main aspects of the Vijayanagara Empire history, was the regular conflicts with the Bahmani rulers, primarily over the Raichur-Tungabhadra Doab region.  It  was a conflict, that often kept going back and forth, with the Vijayanagara rulers winning at times, and Bahmani Sultans the other times. The frequent conflicts with the Bahmani Sultans, had not just devastated large parts of the Doab area, but also resulted in wholesale massacres and destruction of temples too. 

Krishnadevaraya, the most famous ruler of Vijayanagara, composed a work on statecraft in Telugu known as the Amuktamalyada.