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Plant cell and animal cell - class-VII

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Plant cells differ from animal cells in having __________.

  1. cell wall

  2. plastids

  3. a large central vacoule

  4. all of these


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

A plant cell has rigid wall on the outside. It has plastids and a centrally located large vacuole. All of these are absent in an animal cell.

The shape of an animal and plant cell is primarily maintained respectively by the following

  1. Exoskeleton, endoskeleton

  2. Cell membrane, cell wall

  3. Cytoskeleton, cell wall

  4. Endoskeleton, cytoskeleton


Correct Option: A

Which of the following is found in any plant cell but not in animal cell?

  1. Cell wall

  2. Mitochondria

  3. Cell membrane

  4. Nucleus


Correct Option: A
Explanation:
  • The cell wall is a rigid layer of polysaccharides lying outside the plasma membrane of the cells of plants, fungi, and bacteria. In the algae and higher plants, it consists mainly of cellulose.
  • A major function of the cell wall is to give the cell strength and structure and to filter molecules that pass in and out of the cell.
  • It is absent in the animal cell.
Hence cell wall is found in any plant cell but not in the animal cell.
So, the correct answer is 'Cell wall'.

The term 'sarcode' for protoplasm was coined by

  1. Dujardin

  2. Hugo Von Mohl

  3. Fontana

  4. F. Meischer


Correct Option: A
Explanation:
Leeuwenhoek was the first to see free living cells. He observed bacteria, protozoa, red blood cells, sperms etc. under his microscope. In 1809, Lamarck concluded that all living beings are formed of cells. Living substance was first observed by Corti in 1772 and was named sarcode by Dujardin in 1835.
So, the correct answer is 'Dujardin'.

'Protoplasm is the physical basis of life' was suggested by

  1. Purkinje

  2. Huxley

  3. Sidney Fox

  4. Hugo Von Mohl


Correct Option: B
Explanation:
Protoplasm or living matter is a polyphasic crystallo-colloidal complex that possesses all the properties of life and is found inside living cells. It was called as sarcode by Dujardin in 1835. The term protoplasm was coined by Purkinje in 1839. Huxley in 1868, has called it as physical basis of life because all the properties of life reside in the protoplasm.
So, the correct answer is 'Huxley'.

Cell organelle which differentiates plant cell from animal cell is

  1. Cell membrane

  2. Plastids

  3. Nucleolus

  4. Vacuoles


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

The plastid is the most important double-membrane organelle in the cells of plants and algae and absent in animal cells. Plastids are the site of manufacture and storage of important chemical compounds used by the cell. Plastids are cell organelles found in all plant cells and in euglenoids. They bear some specific pigments which impart specific colours to the plants.

The animal and plant cells differ in their

  1. Movement

  2. Growth

  3. Nutrition

  4. Respiration


Correct Option: C
Explanation:
Plant and animal cells both are eukaryotic cell but, they possess certain distinguishing characters like plants are autotrophic while animals are heterotrophic in general. Plants are able to trap light energy and converts them into chemical energy, while animals depend on plants for the food.

Main difference between animal cell and plant cell is in

  1. Mode of Nutrition

  2. Growth

  3. Movement

  4. Respiration


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

  • The animal cell is heterotrophic, i.e., cannot synthesize their own food. They have to obtain food from other organisms. 
  • Plant cells possess chloroplast using which they can synthesize their own food material, i.e., they are autotrophic. Therefore, their mode of nutrition differs. 

Thus, the correct answer is option A.

Animal cells do not have 

  1. Cell wall

  2. Chloroplast

  3. Plastids

  4. All of the above


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Animal cells do not have a cell wall. Animal cells do not have chloroplasts. In animal cells, energy is produced from food (glucose) via the process of cellular respiration. The plastid is a major double-membrane organelle found, among others in the cells of plants and algae. These plastids are not present in animal cells.

Which of the following combinations are present in plant cell but not in animal cell?

  1. Cell wall and plastid

  2. Cell wall and cell membrane

  3. Plastid and nucleus

  4. Cell membrane and cytoplasm


Correct Option: A
Explanation:
Plant and animal cells are both eukaryotic cell but have several differences such as animal cells are round and do not have a cell wall or chloroplasts but plant cells are rectangular and possess cell wall and plastids.

Find the odd one out:

  1. Plastid

  2. Mitochondria

  3. Endoplasmic reticulum

  4. Vacuoles


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Plastids are the storage molecules found in plants cells. These are three type of plastids viz. chloroplast(storing photosynthetic pigments), leucoplast(storing food materials). Chromoplast(storing pigment molecules other then photosynthetic pigment).

Which one of the following lists the structures which are present both in animal and plant cells?

  1. Cell wall, Chromosomes, Cytoplasm, Chloroplasts

  2. Cell membrane, Chromosomes, Cytoplasm, Mitochondrion

  3. Cell membrane, Chloroplast, Chromosomes, Cytoplasm

  4. Cytoplasm, Mitochondrion, Cell wall, Chromosomes


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

The plant and animal cells are eukaryotic and contain well developed cellular organelles. The cell membrane, cytoplasm, chromosomes, and mitochondria are the structures which are present in both the plant and the animal cells. The cell wall and chloroplast are present only in the plant cell. 

Thus, the correct answer is option B. 

A plant cell and an animal cell are dissimilar as plant cell possess
I. A nucleus   II. A cell wall   III. A cell membrane  IV. Cytoplasm  V. Chloroplasts.

  1. II and V only

  2. II and III only

  3. I, III and IV only

  4. II, III and IV only


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Plant cells have cell wall. The cell wall is a non-living layer secreted by protoplasm of the cell that forms a protective covering around the living plasma membrane. It provides rigidity to the plant. Animals lack cell wall hence they show locomotion.

Chloroplast is present in plant cells and is involved in photosynthesis. Hence plants are said to be autotrophs. Animal cells lack chloroplast and are heterotrophs. 
Thus the correct answer is option A.

Cell wall is absent in the cell of __________

  1. Mushroom

  2. Moss

  3. Fern

  4. Mosquito


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

The cell wall are present in the cells of plants, fungal and other organisms. The animal cells lack the cell wall. The mosquitoes have cells with the cell membrane and there is no cell wall. 

Thus, the correct answer is 'Mosquito'.

A plant cell differs from an animal cell due to the presence of ____________.

  1. Cell membrane

  2. Endoplasmic reticulum

  3. Plasma membrane

  4. Cell wall


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

A difference between plant cells and animal cells is that most animal cells are round whereas most plant cells are rectangular. Plant cells have a rigid cell wall that surrounds the cell membrane. Animal cells do not have a cell wall.

So, D is the correct option. 

Which organelle is absent in animal cell?

  1. Chloroplasts

  2. Golgi apparatus

  3. E.R.

  4. Lysosomes


Correct Option: A
Explanation:
  • The chloroplast is a plastid which contains chlorophyll (green pigment) within the thylakoid membranes of the organelle.
  • This organelle is present in the green parts of plants where photosynthesis takes place.
  • The chlorophyll pigment captures the sunlight and converts it into chemical energy and thus, helps in the process of photosynthesis.
  • This organelle is absent in an animal cell.
  • So, the correct answer is 'Chloroplasts'.

Animal cells do not posses :

  1. Plasmodesmata

  2. Centriole

  3. 80S ribosomes

  4. All the above


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Plasmodesmata are the channels through the cell wall. They are found only in plant cells. They contain cytosol or cytoplasm which allows a to and fro movement of nutrients and other materials between cells. They help to organize cells in different tissues.

Centrioles are found only in animal cells. Then carry out cell division.
The 80S ribosome is found in both animals and plant cell as it is characteristic of the eukaryotic cell.
Option A is correct.

In plant and animal cells, chromatids or chromatin are made up of:

  1. Only DNA

  2. DNA,RNA and Hisone

  3. DNA, RNA, Protein and some fat bodies

  4. DNA, RNA, Histone and non histones


Correct Option: A

The interior of a cow-dung pile kept for a few days is quite warm. This is mostly because: 

  1. Cellulose present in the dung is a good insulator.

  2. Bacterial metabolism inside the dung releases heat.

  3. Undigested material releases heat due to oxidation by air.

  4. Dung is dark and absorbs a lot of heat.


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

At the later stages of decomposition of cowdung, mesophilic micro-organisms decompose the dung, generating heat from exothermic( process which produces heat) processes; such heat generation is associated with the well known phenomenon of the elevated temperature of composting.

How plant cells are different from animal cell?

  1. Plant cells have cell wall, animal cells do not have cell wall.

  2. Plant cells have chloroplast, animal cells not do not have chloroplast.

  3. Both A and B.

  4. None of these.


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

  • Plant cells have a cell wall, plastids, and a large central vacuole, which are not found in animal cells. The cell wall is a rigid covering that protects the cell, provides structural support and gives shape to the cell. 
  • The chloroplasts, found in plant cells, contain a green pigment called as chlorophyll, which captures the light energy that drives the reactions of plant photosynthesis. 

Thus, the correct answer is option C.

Which of the following structures is usually present only in animal cells?

  1. Vacuoles

  2. Cell wall

  3. Nucleus

  4. Centrioles


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Vacuoles are storage bubbles found in animal and plant cells, but bigger in plant cells. These are used for storage of food or water. 
The cell wall is a protective outer covering of the cell. It is mostly present in plant cells. It supports the contents of the cell and protects from pathogen attack and wear and tear. It is made of cellulose, lignin. 
The nucleus of the cell contains a majority of the cell's genetic material, i.e., DNA in the form of DNA-protein complex, called as chromatin. It is present in both animal and plant cells. 
Animal cells contain centrioles, cylindrical organelles that help in cell division and absent in plant cells. Thus, the correct answer is option D.

The plant cells are more rigid than the animal cell due to

  1. Cell wall

  2. Vacuoles

  3. Plastids

  4. Both A and B


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

The cell wall of the plant cell is very rigid, tough and thick covering. It supports the contents of the cell and is made of cellulose and lignin. 
Vacuoles are storage bubbles found mostly in plant cells. They occupy most of the portion of plant cells. These are used for storage of food or water. Osmotic pressure and turgidity is maintained by vacuoles. Whereas animal cells lack a cell wall and large sized vacuole.

Is there any difference between animal and plant vacuoles?

  1. In animal cell, small vacuoles are present, but in mature plant cell, a large central vacuole occupies the centre of the cell.

  2. In animal cell vacuoles are small, but in plant cell vacuoles are large.

  3. Both A and B.

  4. None of the above.


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Vacuoles are storage bubbles which are present in both, animal and plant cells. These are used for storage of food or water. Osmotic pressure and turgidity are maintained by vacuoles. Plant cell vacuoles are bigger than animal cells. It occupies most of the part of the plant cell and generally present in the center. 

Consider the following statements


A. Centrioles are present in almost all animals cells.
B. Ribosomes are the site of protein synthesis.
C. The middle lamella is the layer made up of calcium carbonate which holds the neighboring cells together.
D. In animal cells, steroidal hormones are synthesized by smooth endoplasmic reticulum.
The true statements are 

  1. B and D

  2. A and D

  3. B and C

  4. A, B and D


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

The centrioles are the organelles present in the animal cells which are required for the formation of spindle fibres during cell division. 

The ribosomes are the cell organelles which are involved in the process of translation or the formation of the proteins from the mRNA. 
The middle lamella is made up of pectin which holds the two adjacent cells together. 
In the animal cells, the steroid and lipid hormones are synthesized in the smooth ER.
Thus, the correct answer is option D. 

Plant and animal cell divisions differ in 

  1. Cell plate

  2. Prophase

  3. Metaphase

  4. Telophase


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The plant and animals are the eukaryotic cells which divide by mitotic cell division. The various stages of the mitosis are prophase, metaphase, anaphase and telophase, which are same for all the eukaryotic cells. During telophase, there is the formation of the cell plate in case of plant cells which allows the separation of the two daughter cells. In the case of animal cells, there is pinching of the cell membrane to separate the cells. Thus, the correct answer is option A. 

In a plant cell, cytokinesis occurs by

  1. Separation of the cytoplasm from the periphery to central region

  2. Separation of the cytoplasm from cell centre to its periphery

  3. Separation of the cytoplasm throughout the equatorial plane simultaneously

  4. Furrowing of cytoplasm from two sides at right angles to the plane of spindle pole


Correct Option: B

Which organelle would you expect to find in a plant cell but not an animal cell?

  1. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum

  2. Mitochondria

  3. Ribosome

  4. Chloroplast


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Plant cells contain Chloroplast to carry out function of photosynthesis to create food for it. Animal cells depend on other sources for food as they lack Chloroplasts.

What is the difference in the vacuoles of both plant and animal cells?

  1. Animal cells- contain only waste, Plant cells- contain only water

  2. Animal cells- small vacuoles, Plant cells- vacuoles make up 90% of cell

  3. Animal cells- vacuoles make up 90% of cell, Plant cells- small vacuoles

  4. Animal cells- contain only water, Plant cells- contain only waste

  5. Vacuoles are the same in both, Plant and animal cells


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Explanation: In plant cells, central vacuole is larger than all of the other organelles, which makes up to 90% of cell. In animal cells, small vacuoles are present.

Plants differ from animals as the plants have_______

  1. An endoplasmic reticulum

  2. A central vacuole

  3. Golgi complexes

  4. Vesicles


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

In plant cells, central vacuole is larger than all of the other organelles. The central vacuole is a membrane-bound organelle containing water and other enzymes that function during the life of the plant. Structurally, the central vacuole is surrounded by a phospholipid bilayer.

What regulates what enters and leaves the cell and provides protection and support in Animal cells?

  1. Golgi Apparatus

  2. Vacuole

  3. Cell Wall

  4. Cell Membrane


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Cell Membrane regulates what enters and leaves the cell and provides protection and support in Animal cells.

Unlike plant cells, animal cells have________

  1. No vacuoles

  2. 1 vacuole

  3. 2 vacuoles

  4. Many vacuoles


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Explanation: Unlike a large single vacuole in the centre of plant cells, animal cells can have many vacuoles.

Which of the following characters distinguishes plant cells from animal cells?

  1. Cell wall

  2. Glyoxysomes

  3. Plastids

  4. All of the above


Correct Option: D
Explanation:
Plastids are present in plant cells, whereas, an animal cell these are usually absent. It helps to trap sunlight for photosynthesis.
Glyoxysomes are present in the plant cell but are absent in an animal cell. It helps in the storage of fats in germinating cells.
The cell wall is present outside of plant cell and absent in an animal cell. It gives rigidity in a plant cell.
So, the correct answer is option D.

Plant cells differ from animal cells in having

  1. Mitochondria

  2. Cell wall

  3. Ribosomes

  4. Golgi bodies


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Plant cell and animal cells are mostly similar because both are eukaryotic cells but the only difference is that plant cell contains cell walls, vacuoles, and chloroplasts.

Hence, the correct answer is 'cell wall'.

The pigment, melanin in animals protects them from UV radiations and is functionally equivalent pigment in plants is 

  1. Melanin only

  2. Carotenes

  3. Anthocyanin

  4. Both B and C


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Anthocyanin is a red colour, water-soluble pigment found in plant cell vacuoles and cell walls. It is not involved in the process of photosynthesis but serves to attract insects and animals to flowers and fruits. It also serves to protect plant cell from high energy radiations like melanin pigment in animals.

In an animal cheek cell, the nucleus is generally located _________.

  1. In the centre of the cell

  2. On one side of the cell

  3. Near the plasma membrane

  4. Anywhere in the cell


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

  • In an animal cheek cell, the nucleus is located at the center of the cytoplasm. They do not contain a cell wall and a prominent vacuole. Their cytoplasm is denser and granular than plant cells. 
  • In a plant cell, the nucleus is located towards the periphery of the cell due to the presence of large vacuole.
Thus, the correct answer is 'In the center of the cell.'

Which of the following is found in plant cells, but not in animal cells?

  1. Cell wall

  2. Nucleus

  3. Endoplasmic reticulum

  4. Mitochondria


Correct Option: A
Explanation:
  • The cell wall is a unique structure present in plant cells. It is found as an outer covering to the plasma membrane. 
  • The cell wall is made up of cellulose, pectin, etc, according to whether it is seen in plants, fungi or bacteria.

What is the appropriate difference between plant cells and animal cells?

  1. Plant cell- cell wall is present, Animal cell- cell wall is absent

  2. Plant cell- cell wall is absent, Animal cell- cell wall is present

  3. Plant cell- cell wall is present, Animal cell- cell wall is present

  4. Plant cell- cell wall is absent, Animal cell- cell wall is absent


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Plant cell possesses a cell wall while animal cells lack. Plant cells possess chloroplasts while animal cells lack. Plant cells possess single, large vacuole while animal cells possess many, small vacuoles. Plant cells lack centriole while animal cells possess centriole. Thus, the correct answer is option A.

Which of the following feature will help you in distinguishing a plant cell from an animal cell?

  1. Cell wall

  2. Cell membrane

  3. Mitochondria

  4. Nucleus


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The cell wall is hard organelle found outside the cell membrane and is composed of cellulose. The outermost layer of animal cells is plasma membrane. The cell wall is absent in the animal cell.

So, the correct answer is option A.

Give one key difference between:

Plant cell and animal cell

  1. Cell wall is absent in plant cell and present in animal cell.

  2. Cell wall is present in plant cell and absent in animal cell.

  3. Choloroplast is absent in plant cell and present in animal cell.

  4. Vacuole is absent is plant cell and present in animal cell.


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

The plant cell and animal cell differ fundamentally from each other on the basis of the cell wall. The plant cells are surrounded by the cellulosic cell wall while the animal cells lack the cell wall. Apart from the cell wall, the plant cells show the presence of the plastids while the animal cells lack the plastids. Also, there is a large central vacuole present in plant cells while the animal cells either lack the vacuole or there can be many small vacuoles.


Hence, the correct answer is 'Cell wall is present in plant cell and absent in animal cell'.

Which of following structure is NOT found in plant cells?

  1. Vacuole

  2. Nucleus

  3. Centriole

  4. Golgi bodies


Correct Option: C
Explanation:
While both animal and plant cells have microtubule organizing centres (MTOCs), animal cells also have centrioles associated with the microtubule-organizing centre ( MTOC): a complex called the centrosome. Animal cells each have a centrosome and lysosomes, whereas plant cells do not.
So, the correct answer is 'Centriole'.

Which of the following organelles would not be found in a plant cell?

  1. Chloroplast

  2. Vacuole

  3. Centrioles

  4. Cell membrane


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

All are organelles of plant cells except centrioles. Centrioles only found in animal cells. It involves in the formation of spindle fibres during the cell division to separate chromosomes. Thus, the correct answer is option C.

Who was the major proponent of the endosymbiotic hypothesis?

  1. Matthias Schleiden

  2. Theodore Schwann

  3. Rudolf Virchow

  4. Lynn Margulis


Correct Option: D

Which organelle would not have originated by endosymbiosis?

  1. Lysosomes

  2. Chloroplast

  3. Flagella

  4. Mitochondria


Correct Option: A,C
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