Movement across cell - class-X
Description: movement across cell | |
Number of Questions: 44 | |
Created by: Akash Patel | |
Tags: biology cell and cell organelles the fundamental unit of life cell - basic unit of life study of cells organization of life plasma membrane movement in and out of the cell fundamental unit of life: cell |
Match column I with column II and select the correct option from the codes given.
Column I | Column II |
---|---|
A. Hypotonic | (i) No net flow of water |
B. Hypertonic | (ii) Water moves into the cell |
C. Isotonic | (iii) Water moves out of the cell |
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A-(ii), B-(iii), C-(i)
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A-(iii), B-(ii), C-(i)
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A-(i), B-(ii), C-(iii)
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A-(ii), B-(i), C-(iii)
Many freshwater organisms cannot live for long in seawater because the surrounding water will be ______ to body cells and ______ may occur.
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Hyper tonic, Exosmosis
-
Hyper tonic, Endosmosis
-
Hypo tonic, Exosmosis
-
Hypo tonic, Endosmosis
In the sea water , the surrounding water is salty and hence hypertonic to the body cells, Thus, water will move from its higher concentration to ts lower concentration leading to exosmosis. Therefore, many fresh-water animals cannot live for long in sea water and vice versa.
Which of the following occupies the space between the cell wall and the shrunken protoplast in a plasmolysed cell?
-
Isotonic solution
-
Hypotonic solution
-
Hypertonic solution
-
Water
If a plant cell is kept in hypertonic solution, water comes out from the cell sap due to exosmosis. Water loss from the cell sap results in contraction of protoplast, which is referred to as plasmolysis. The cell is surrounded by the hypertonic solution, and the cell wall allows entry of most of the solutions. The hypertonic solution enters the cell wall freely but is not allowed to cross the cell membrane.
A cell shrinks on being kept in a solution. The solution is
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Isotonic
-
Hypotonic
-
Hypertonic
-
None of the above
If the external solution balances the osmotic pressure of cytoplasm, it is said to be isotonic.
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True
-
False
If the osmotic pressure outside the cytoplasm is the same as inside then it is known as an isotonic solution.
If alcohol treated cell is kept in hypertonic solution it___________.
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Burst
-
Remains same
-
Plasmolysis
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None of these
The space between plasma membrane & cell wall of plasmolysed cell is occupied by?
-
Isotonic solution
-
Hypertonic solution
-
Hypotonic solution
-
Water
When a plant cell is placed in a hypertonic solution it will lose water by exosmosis. This process is called plasmolysis. The protoplasm will shrink and will move inwards and away from the cell wall. As a result, the hypertonic solution will occupy the space between the plasma membrane and the cell wall.
What will happen if we put a plant and animal cell in the isotonic solution?
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No change
-
Cell swells
-
Cell shrinks
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Cell bursts
An isotonic solution is a solution, which contains the same concentration of solute as in a cell. If animal and plant cells are kept in isotonic solution then cells will not swell or shrink. Hence, there will not be any change in cells.
A cell will swell up if________________
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The concentration of water molecules in the cell is higher than the concentration of water molecules in surrounding medium.
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The concentration of water molecules in surrounding medium is higher than water molecules concentration in the cell.
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The concentration of water molecules is same in the cell and in the surrounding medium.
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Concentration of water molecules does not matter.
The cell swells up when endosmosis occurs. Endosmosis is a process in which the water molecules move from outside to the inside of the cell through the cell membrane. This occurs when the solution is hypotonic, i.e., the cell has a lower solute concentration than the surrounding medium.
A cell increases in volume if the external medium is
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Hypotonic
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Slightly hypertonic
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Isotonic
-
Much more concentrated than the protoplasm of the cell
Osmosis is defined as the movement of solvent molecules from a region of their higher concentration (more dilute solution) to a region of their lower concentration (more concentrated solution), through a semipermeable membrane. Hence, the water molecules move into a cell when a cell is placed in a hypotonic medium (resulting in an increase in cell volume) and water moves out of the cell when a cell is placed in a hypertonic medium (resulting in a decrease in cell volume). Thus, the correct answer is option A.
If a cell swells, after being placed in solution, the solution is
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Neutral
-
Hypotonic
-
Hypertonic
-
Isotonic
If a cell swells after been placed in a solution, it means water from solution has entered the cell. As water flows from a region of its own higher concentration to a region of lower concentration, we conclude that water is present in higher concentration in the solution as compared to the cell sap. Thus, the solution is hypotonic as compared to cell sap. The process in which water enters the cell is called as endosmosis.
Plant cells are plasmolysed in a solution, which is
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Hypotonic solution
-
Hypertonic solution
-
Isotonic solution
-
None of the above
When plant cells are kept in a hypertonic solution (i.e., a solution more concentrated than the plant cell sap) they lose water due to the process of exosmosis. This causes plasmolysis, a process in which protoplasm leaves cell wall and lies shrunk inside the cell. When the cell is kept in hypotonic solution (i.e., a solution far less concentrated than the plant cell sap), it gains water due to the process of endosmosis. The cell now swells and is called as deplasmolyzed cell. If plant cells are kept in isotonic solution, no changes take place. Thus, the correct answer is option B.
In plasmolysed cell, the space between cell wall and protoplasm is occupied by
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Hypotonic solution
-
Hypertonic solution
-
Isotonic solution
-
None of the above
If a cell shrinks when placed in a solution, this solution is
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Hypotonic
-
Hypertonic
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Isotonic
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Pure solvent
Water flows along its own concentration gradient. When a cell is placed in a hypotonic medium it swells due to absorption of water by the process of endosmosis. The endosmotic gain of water makes a cell turgid. When a cell is placed in a hypertonic medium, it loses water due to the process of exosmosis. Exosmotic loss of water results in plasmolysis. Thus, the correct answer is option B.
The solution in which a cell will gain water by osmosis is termed as
-
Isotonic solution
-
Hypertonic solution
-
Hypotonic solution
-
Both A and B
Hypotonic solution is a solution, which contains lesser solute concentration. In such case, the water molecules move from outside to inside of the cell through cell membrane (semi-permeable membrane). This process is called as endosmosis by which cell gain water.
A cell placed in a hypotonic solution will_____________
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Shrink
-
Show plasmolysis
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Swell
-
No change in shape or size
Hypotonic solution is a solution, which contains lesser solute concentration. In such a case, the water molecules move from outside to the inside of the cell through the cell membrane. This process is called as endosmosis by which cell gains water and swells up.
Which of the following statement defines hypertonic solution?
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The solution in which the concentration of solutes is more and the concentration of solvent (water) is less as compared to the cytoplasm of a specific cell.
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The solution in which the concentration of solutes is less and the concentration of solvent (water) is less as compared to the cytoplasm of a specific cell.
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The solution in which the concentration of solutes is more and the concentration of solvent (water) is more as compared to the cytoplasm of a specific cell.
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The solution in which the concentration of solutes is less and the concentration of solvent (water) is more as compared to the cytoplasm of a specific cell.
In the hypertonic solution, the concentration of solutes is more and the concentration of solvent (water) is less as compared to the cytoplasm of a specific cell. If a cell is placed in such solution plasmolysis will occur due to the movement water from cell to the outer environment.
Which of the following statement defines hypotonic solution?
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The solution in which the concentration of solutes is less and concentration of solvent (water) is more as compared to the specific cell.
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The solution in which the concentration of solutes is less and concentration of solvent (water) is less as compared to the specific cell.
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The solution in which the concentration of solutes is more and concentration of solvent (water) is more as compared to the specific cell.
-
The solution in which the concentration of solutes is more and concentration of solvent (water) is less as compared to the specific cell.
In the hypotonic solution, the concentration of solutes is less and concentration of solvent (water) is more as compared to the specific cell. If a cell is placed in such solution water will move towards the cell and thus, the cell swells and burst.
Which of the following solutions has the highest concentration of the solute?
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Hypertonic
-
Hypotonic
-
Isotonic
-
None of the above
Hypotonic solution is a solution, which contains lesser solute concentration. An isotonic solution is a solution, which contains the same concentration of solute as in cell. A Hypertonic solution is a solution, which contains higher solute concentration and thus causes plasmolysis when a cell is placed in such solution.
Diffusion occurs in
(a) Solids
(b) Liquids
(c) Gases
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a,b
-
b,c
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a,c
-
All
Diffusion occurs in both liquids and gases and can take place over long distances diffusion in gases are much faster than in liquids the diffusion rate of oxygen in the air is 1,00,0001,00,000 times more than diffusion rate of oxygen in the water. Diffusion may be defined as the process of movement of gases. Liquids or solutes from the region of higher concentration to the regions of lower concentration till the molecules are uniformly distributed throughout the available space. Many substances like gases. liquids or solutes can diffuse simultaneously in different directions and at different rates in the same place without interfering with each other.
The uniformly sweet taste of coffee or tea is due to
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Spreading
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Permeability
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Distribution
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Diffusion
Diffusion is the net movement of a substance from a region of high concentration to a region of low concentration. A gradient is a change in the value of a quantity (e.g., concentration, pressure, temperature) with the change in another variable (e.g., distance). The uniformly sweet taste of coffee or tea is also an example of diffusion. Here, when added tea or coffee powder to milk/water, movement of substance takes place from high concentration to lower concentration. Thus, the correct answer is option D.
A cell with fully elastic wall is placed in hypertonic solution. What will not happen?
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Change in cell size and shape.
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The whole cell will shrink.
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Cytoplasm shrinks from the cell wall and undergoes plasmolysis.
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Decrease in cell size.
A hypertonic solution is a solution which contains more amount for dissolved salts i.e., the concentration of solute is more.
When a cell is placed in hypertonic solution since the solvent concentration is less, the solvent is exerted from the cell and the cell undergoes cytolysis.
The pressure inside the cell is high and the cell may undergo osmolysis.
Cytoplasm will not shrink but cell solvent will come out it is not plasmolysis because the only periphery of the cell is not affected. So it cannot undergo plasmolysis.
So the correct answer is 'Cytoplasm shrinks from the cell wall and undergoes plasmolysis'.
The external solution having same concentration as that of cell sap is known as
-
Hypertonic solution
-
Isotonic solution
-
Hypotonic solution
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Ultratonic solution
When cells are in isotonic solution, movement of water out of the cell is exactly balanced by movement of water into the cell.
There is nothing like ultratonic solution.
The external solution having more concentration than the cell sap is known as
-
Hypertonic solution
-
Isotonic solution
-
Hypotonic solution
-
None of the above
When cells are in isotonic solution, movement of water out of the cell is exactly balanced by movement of water into the cell.
When a cell is placed in 0.25 M concentrated sugar solution, there is no change in it. The concentration of cell sap would be :
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0.025 M
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0.25 M
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25 M
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None of the above
The external solution having less concentration than the cell sap is known as
-
Hypertonic solution
-
Isotonic solution
-
Hypotonic solution
-
Ultratonic solution
When cells are in isotonic solution, movement of water out of the cell is exactly balanced by movement of water into the cell.
To initiate cell photosynthesis, salt solution should be
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Isotonic
-
Hypotonic
-
Hypertonic
-
None of the above
Water is absorbed from outside solution only when it is
-
Isotonic
-
Hypotonic
-
Hypertonic
-
None of these
Water is absorbed from outside solution only if the external medium is hypotonic because a hypotonic solution has more concentration of solvent molecules than the fluid inside the cell. So, solvent molecules move inside the cell from the region of higher concentration to the lower concentration by the process of endosmosis. The cell swells and increases in size.
Uniformly sweet taste of tea or coffee is due to
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Spreading
-
Osmosis
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Permeablity
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Diffusion
While preparing coffee or tea we pour coffee or tea powder at one point but it is uniformly sweet. It is due to diffusion of the solvent from the high concentration to lower concentration and it becomes uniformly sweet taste.
State whether the following statements are true or false.
Cells placed in an isotonic environment will die as they swell and burst.
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True
-
False
The movement of solutes from lower to higher concentration is called as osmosis. Isotonic solutions are those in which concentration of solute and solvent are same in the outside as well as inside of cells. When cells are placed in the isotonic solution they will remain unaffected as water movement in and out of the cells will be the same . while in hypotonic solution cells will absorb more water and thus become swollen and will burst eventually.
When a cell is placed in a hypotonic solution
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solute exits the cell to equalize the concentration on both sides of the membrane
-
water exits the cell toward the area of lower solute concentration
-
water enters the cell toward the area of higher solute concentration
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solute exits and water enters the cell
Hypotonic solution is a solution having lower osmotic pressure i.e; having less solute and more water than other solutions. When a cell is placed in hypotonic solution water enters towards the higher concentration i.e., from cell to surrounding as the cell is hypertonic.
Polychlorinated bipheyls are stable, insoluble in water and soluble in
-
Water
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Oil
-
acids
-
Chemicals
PCBs are very stable mixtures that are resistant to extreme temperature and pressure. In general, PCBs are relatively insoluble in water, and the solubility decreases with increased chlorination. PCBs are also freely soluble in nonpolar organic solvents and biological lipids. They have high solubilities in most organic solvents, oils, and fats.
When a plant cell is placed in a hypertonic solution it becomes plasmolysed. What shall be present between cell wall and plasmalemma at this stage?
-
Water and air
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Cell sap
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Hypertonic solution
-
Solutes
Plant cells are surrounded by a dead cellulosic cell wall. The plant cell wall is fully permeable and cannot regulate the entry or exit of solutes or solvent. When a plant cell is present in a hypertonic solution plant cell will lose water through exosmosis. As the plant cell keeps on losing water, the protoplasm shrinks and moves away from the cell wall, the hypertonic solution moves inside the space between cell protoplasm and cell wall.
If the solute concentration is higher in the external solution, then the solution is called as
-
Hypotonic
-
Isotonic
-
Hypertonic
-
None of the above
If the solute concentration is higher in the external solution than the cell kept in it, then the solution is called as hypertonic. When a cell is kept in hypertonic solution then the cell shrinks, as water comes out of the cell.
To initiate cell plasmolysis, the salt concentration outside the cell must be
-
Isotonic
-
Hypotonic
-
Hypertonic
-
None of the above
Cells are plasmolysed (plasmolysis has occurred) when the cell contents shrink and come out from the cell wall.
If there is a higher concentration of dissolved salt outside of the cell (a hypertonic environment), then H$ _2$O will diffuse "out" from the cell and the cell will shrink and cellular metabolism will cease. This phenomenon is called as plasmolysis and it is the reason why foods can be preserved with high concentrations of salt and sugar.
Why does the skin of fingers shrink when washing clothes for a long time?
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Soap solution is of higher concentration (hypertonic)
-
Water moves out of finger due to exosmosis
-
Both A and B
-
None of the above
Soap contains large amount of solutes. Soap is a hypertonic solution with high amounts of salts. Hence, when washing clothes solute concentration is more in soap water than in cells of hand. Due to this, exosmosis occurs in which the water molecules present in cells of hand move out in soap solution. This is an osmotic process in which the water molecules move from lower solute concentration to higher solute concentration, i.e., from dilute solutions to concentrated solution through a semi-permeable membrane.
Which of the following statement defines isotonic solutions?
-
In which solution, the concentration of solvent and solutes is same as in the cytoplasm of the specific cell.
-
In which solution, the concentration of solvent and solutes is higher as in the cytoplasm of the specific cell.
-
In which solution, the concentration of solvent and solutes is lower as in the cytoplasm of the specific cell.
-
In which solution, the concentration of solvent is higher and concentration of solutes is same as in the cytoplasm of the specific cell.
In the isotonic solution, the concentration of solvent and solutes of the solution is same as in the cytoplasm of the specific cell. This state allows the free movement of molecules across the membrane without changing the concentration of solutes on either side. Thus, the correct answer is option A.
In a hypertonic solution, a cell's water pressure
-
Increases
-
First increases and then decreases
-
Decreases
-
Does not change
A Hypertonic solution is a solution with a higher concentration of solutes greater on outside the cell than inside. Since the concentration of water is higher within the cell, there is a net movement of water from inside to outside of the cell (water leaves the cell by osmosis). This causes the cell to shrink as its internal pressure decreases. Thus, the correct answer is option C.
What would be the consequence for a cell placed in a salt solution?
-
The cells remained unchanged.
-
Water moves from inside of the cell to the outside.
-
Water moves from outside of the cell to the inside.
-
The cells burst.
-
The cells dissolve.
When a cell is placed in 0.25 M concentrated sugar solution, there is no change in it. So the external solution is called
-
Hypertonic
-
Isotonic
-
Hypotonic
-
None of the above
There are three types of solutions that can occur in your body based on solute concentration: isotonic, hypotonic, and hypertonic.
Why does the skin of your finger shrink, when you wash clothes for a long time?
-
Soap is hypotonic, so water is moved out of finger by osmosis.
-
Soap is hypertonic, so water is moved out of finger by osmosis.
-
Soap is isotonic, so water is moved into finger by osmosis.
-
Finger skin is very tender.
- Soap contains a lot of solutes. Hence, when washing clothes, solute concentration is more in soap water than in cells of hand. Due to this, the water molecules present in cells of hand move out in soap solution.
- This is an osmotic process in which the water molecules move from lower solute concentration to higher solute concentration, i.e., from dilute solutions to concentrated solution through a semi-permeable membrane. Soap is a hypertonic solution with high amounts of salts.
When a cell is placed in a hypertonic solution:
-
solute exits the cell to equalize the concentration on both sides of the membrane
-
water exits the cell toward the area of lower solute concentration
-
water exits the cell toward the area of higher solute concentration
-
solute exits and water enters the cell
A hypertonic solution is a solution which has higher osmotic pressure i.e; having more solute concentration outside the cell than inside. When a cell is placed in a hypertonic solution, the water moves to the surrounding from inside the cell as it moves from higher water concentration to lower water concentration.
When Amoeba is placed in a hypertonic medium, it
-
Shrinks
-
Swells
-
Bursts
-
No change
If Amoeba is kept in a hypertonic solution, then exosmosis occurs in which, the water molecules move from inside of the cell to outside of the cell through the cell membrane and thus, Amoeba will shrink because water moves from the region of higher concentration to the region of lower concentration region.