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Condensation polymers - class-XII

Description: condensation polymers
Number of Questions: 53
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Tags: materials polymer chemistry polymers
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The commercial name of polyacrylonitrile is:

  1. dacron

  2. orlon (acrilan)

  3. PVC

  4. bakelite


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

The commercial name of polyacrylonitrile is orlon or acrilan,

The addition polymerisation of acrylonitrile in presence of a peroxide catalyst leads to the formation of polyacrylonitrile. Polyacrylonitrile is used as a substitute for wool in making commercial fibers.

Few polymers are matched with their uses. Point out the wrong match.

  1. Polyester - Fabric, tyre cords, safety belts

  2. Nylon 6 - Ropes, tyre cords, fabrics

  3. Bakelite - Packaging industry, lubricant

  4. Teflon - Oil seals, gaskets, non-stick utensils


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Uses of bakelite:

  • For making combs, phonograph records, electrical switches,
  • For making handles of various utensils,
  • Paints

So the incorrect option is [C}.

Match the column I with column II and mark the appropriate choice.

Column I Column II
(A) Raincoats, hand bags (i) PHBV
(B) Laminated sheets (ii) PVC
(C) Television cabinets (iii) Urea-formaldehyde resin
(D) Orthopaedic devices (iv) Polystyrene
  1. (A) $\rightarrow$ (i), (B) $\rightarrow$ (ii), (C) $\rightarrow$ (iii), (D) $\rightarrow$ (iv)

  2. (A) $\rightarrow$ (iv), (B) $\rightarrow$ (i), (C) $\rightarrow$ (ii), (D) $\rightarrow$ (iii)

  3. (A) $\rightarrow$ (ii), (B) $\rightarrow$ (iii), (C) $\rightarrow$ (iv), (D) $\rightarrow$ (i)

  4. (A) $\rightarrow$ (iii), (B) $\rightarrow$ (iv), (C) $\rightarrow$ (i), (D) $\rightarrow$ (ii)


Correct Option: C
Explanation:
 Raincoats, handbags  (ii) PVC
 Laminated sheets  (iii) Urea-formaldehyde resin
 Television cabinets  (iv) Polystyrene
 Orthopedic devices  (i) PHBV

Uses of polyesters- it is crease resistant and is used in blending with cotton and wool fibers and also as glass reinforcing materials in safety helmets, etc.

So the correct option is [C}.

Novolac on heating with formaldehyde undergoes _______ to form an infusible solid mass called _______.

  1. polymerization, melamine

  2. vulcanization, resin

  3. cross-liking, bakelite

  4. condensation, polystyrene


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

On heating with formaldehyde undergoes crosslinking and form a thermosetting polymer named as$bakalite$.

These are obtained by the condensation reaction of phenol with formaldehyde in the presence of either an acid or a base catalyst. The reaction starts with the initial formation of $o-and/or p-hydroxymethylphenol$ derivatives, which further react with phenol to form compounds having rings joined to each other through –CH2 groups. The initial product could be a linear product – Novolac used in paints.
The correct option is [C].

What are blended fibres?

  1. Mixture of two natural fibres

  2. Mixture of two synthetic fibre

  3. Mixture of natural and synthetic fibres

  4. All of above


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Blended fibres are made by combining various fibres to enhance the property of the product. For eg: spandex and cotton is a natural mix for sports clothing and undergarments to improve stretching properties and prevent odour. A blended fabric helps overcome the disadvantages of natural and synthetic fibre.

$C{F} _{2} = C{F} _{2}$ is a monomer of:

  1. Teflon

  2. Orlon

  3. Polythene

  4. Nylon-6


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Tetrafluorothylene $C{F} _{2} = C{F} _{2}$ is a monomer of Teflon $ { \left( -C{ F } _{ 2 }-C{ F } _{ 2 }- \right)  } _{ n }$.


             $n  C{ F } _{ 2 } = C{ F } _{ 2 }   \rightarrow   { \left( -C{ F } _{ 2 }-C{ F } _{ 2 }- \right)  } _{ n }$

Which of the following is a plastic?

  1. Abaca

  2. Polystyrene

  3. Mohair

  4. None of above


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Polystyrene is one of the most widely used plastics. They are polymer of styrene. They are used for making containers, disposable cups, lids, plates, cutlery etc. Abaca and Mohair are natural fibres.

Which names are associated with PMMA?

  1. Melmac

  2. Acrilan

  3. Saran

  4. Acrilite


Correct Option: D

Which is used in making of thermocol ?

  1. Polypropylene

  2. Polyethylene

  3. Polystyrene

  4. High density polyethylene


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Polystyrene is used to make disposal plastic such as thermocol.


Option C is correct.

Polyacrylamide gel is prepared by mixing acrylamide and ______________ at fixed proportions.

  1. glycol

  2. bisacrylamide

  3. hydrazine

  4. none of the above


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

$\text{Polyacrylamide gel= Acerylamide+Bisacrylamide.}$

Teflon is an example of polymer which is a/an

  1. polyamide

  2. addition Ploymer

  3. polyster

  4. formaldehyderesin


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

TEFLON  -  It is an addition polymer prepared by heating tetrafluoroetane with a free radical.
      $n CF _{2} = CF _{2}  \xrightarrow[High  pressure]{Catalyst} -[CF _{2}-CF _{2}-] _{n}$
   Tetrafluoroetane                                   Teflon
POLYAMIDE  -  These are polymers possessing amide linkage and Teflon doesn't contain any amide linkage.
POLYSTER -  These are polycondensation products of dicarboxylic acids and diols.
FORMALDEHYDE  RESIN - It can refer to many formaldehyde polymers such as melamine formaldehyde, urea formaldehyde, phenol formaldehyde.

For natural polymers, PDI is generally ___

  1. $0$

  2. $1$

  3. $100$

  4. $1000$


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

For natural polymers, PDI (Polydispersity Index) is generally equal to $1$, which means that they are monodisperse. Such polymers are more homogeneous.

Orlon is a polymer of:

  1. isoprene

  2. acrolein

  3. glycol

  4. vinyl cyanide


Correct Option: B
Explanation:
Orlon is the trade name of Polyacrylonitrile (PAN) and is a polymer of acrylonitrile (acrolein).
$CH _2=CH-C\equiv N$
Hence, the correct option is B.

The monomers of Buna-S polymers are:

  1. vinyl chloride and vinylidene

  2. styrene and butadiene

  3. acrylonitrile and butadiene

  4. isobutylene and isoprene


Correct Option: B
Explanation:
Styrene and butadiene 
Because with styrene, rubbers are harder and less rubbery and butadine also influence the property.

Which of the following polymers shows a sharp melting point?

  1. Butyl rubber

  2. Polystyrene

  3. Bakelite

  4. Nylon-6,6


Correct Option: B

$PMMA$ is a:

  1. Polyamide

  2. Copolymer

  3. Step growth polymer

  4. Addition polymer


Correct Option: B

Natural fibre is :-

  1. Bakelite

  2. Cellulose

  3. Rubber

  4. Nylon-$6$


Correct Option: B

Which of the following are made of polyamides ?

  1. Wool

  2. Natural silk

  3. Rayon

  4. Nylon


Correct Option: A,B,D

Which one of these is a monomer of Bakelite?

  1. Vinyl acetate

  2. Tetrafluoroethylene

  3. Formaldehyde

  4. Propylene


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Bakelite is a condensation polymer of phenol and formaldehyde. Bakelite is widely used for making molded products.  It was the first plastic made from synthetic components.

Which of the following processes can be used to prepare polystyrene ?

  1. Anionic

  2. Cationic

  3. Free radicals

  4. Ziegler-Natta


Correct Option: A,B,C,D

A polymer of prop-$2$-enenitrile is called:

  1. saran

  2. orlon

  3. dacron

  4. none of the above


Correct Option: B

The commercial name of poly(methyl methacrylate) is:

  1. Lucite

  2. Plexiglas

  3. Perspex

  4. All the above


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) is a transparent thermoplastic often used in sheet form as a lightweight or shatter-resistant alternative to soda-lime glass. It has since been sold under many different names, including Acrylite, Lucite, Plexiglas and Perspex.

Option D is correct.

Soft drinks and baby-feeding bottles are generally made of:

  1. Polyurea

  2. polyurethane

  3. Polyester

  4. Polyamide

  5. polystyrene


Correct Option: E
Explanation:

Soft drinks and baby-feeding bottles are generally made of polystyrene which is an addition homopolymer with a linear chain-like structure.
 The monomer is styrene.

GRA is a copolymer of __________________.

  1. butadiene and acrylonitrile

  2. butadiene and adipic acid

  3. chloroprene and acrylonitrile

  4. chloroprene and adipic acid


Correct Option: A

$F _2C=CF _2$ is a monomer of:

  1. Teflon

  2. Glyptal

  3. Buna-S

  4. Nylon 6


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) or Teflon is formed from the polymerization of tetrafluoroethylene.

Statement 1: Teflon has high thermal stability and chemical inertness.


Statement 2: It has strong C-F bonds.

Choose the correct option:

  1. Statement 1 is true: Statement 2 is true; statement 2 is the correct explanation of statement 1

  2. Statement 1 is true: statement 2 is true; statement 2 is not the correct explanation of statement 1

  3. Statement 1 is true; statement 2 is false

  4. Statement 1 is false; statement 2 is true


Correct Option: A

Acrylonitrile forms_____________.

  1. Terylene

  2. Orlon

  3. PVC

  4. Bakelite


Correct Option: B

Fomaldehyde is the starting material for the manufacture of :

  1. backelite

  2. caprolactam

  3. D.D.T

  4. rayon


Correct Option: A

Monomer used to prepare orlon is_________.

  1. $\displaystyle H _{2}C= CH-Cl$

  2. $\displaystyle F _{2}C= CF _{2}$

  3. $\displaystyle H _{2}C= CHCN$

  4. $H _2C=C(Cl)-CH=CH _2$


Correct Option: C
Explanation:
Orlon is polyacrylonitrile. The monomer acrylonitrile is $CH _2=CHCN$.
Hence, option C is correct.

Which polymer among the following polymers does NOT soften on heating?

  1. Bakelite

  2. Polythene

  3. Polystyrene

  4. PVC


Correct Option: A
Explanation:
Thermoplastics:
A plastic material, which can be repeatedly melted-molded again and again by simple heating, is called a thermoplastic. Thermoplastics become soft and moldable on heating. They can then be recast in different shapes and cooled. On cooling the thermoplastic material hardens.

Polyethylene, polystyrene and PVC are examples.

Thermosetting plastics:
A plastic material, which cannot be repeatedly melted-molded again, is called a thermosetting plastic.thermosetting plastics do not become soft on heating and they do not change their shape on heating.
Bakelite is one example of a thermosetting plastic.

Which of the following are addition polymers?

  1. Nylon

  2. Melamine formaldehyde resin

  3. Orlon

  4. All of the above


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Orlon is an addition polymers as its molecular mass is integral multiple of molecular mass of its monomer.

Which of the following is a monomer of teflon?

  1. Difluoroethane

  2. Trifluoroethane

  3. Tetrafluoroethane

  4. None of these


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Teflon is an addition polymer of tetrafluoroethylene.

$\underset {\text{tetrafluoroethylene}}{ n{ F } _{ 2 }C=C{ F } _{ 2 } } \xrightarrow [ \text{Pressure}]{ \text{Heat}} \underset { \text{teflon} }{ -{ ({ F } _{ 2 }C-C{ F } _{ 2 })- } _{ n } } $

It is used to make non-sticky utensils.

Which of the following polymer form net like structure ?

  1. Butyl rubber

  2. Polythene

  3. Polystyrene

  4. Melamine


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Thermosetting polymers have a net-like structure because of the presence of cross-links between different polymeric chains. Among the given only melanin polymer is a thermosetting polymer, so it has a net-like structure. 


Note: Butyl rubber is a Westerner whereas polythene and polystyrene we thermoplastics.

Which of the following is/are true statement(s) for the preparation of Teflon?

  1. It is produced by condensation polymerization

  2. Water acts as catalyst

  3. The monomer used is tetrafluoroethane

  4. The monomer is obtained from carbon tetrachloride


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

 It is produced by addition polymerization. Water acts as a catalyst. The monomer used is tetrafluoroethylene. It is obtained from chloroform.


The option (B) represents a true statement for the preparation of Teflon.

Which names are associated with PMMA?

  1. Melmac

  2. Acrilan

  3. Saran

  4. Acrylite


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

The name acrylite is associated with PMMA.
PMMA is polymethyl methaacrylate. It is an addition homopolymer of methyl methacrylate ($\displaystyle CH _2 =C(CH _3)COOCH _3 $). It is known as plexiglass.

Nylon threads are made of ________.

  1. polyethylene polyemer

  2. polyvinyl polymer

  3. polyester polymer

  4. polyamide polymer


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Nylon threads are polymer of polyamides obtained by condensing amides and /or carboxylic acids 
Examples are nylon - $6$, nylon - $6,: 6$.

STATEMENT-1 : PMMA (Polymethyl methacrylate) is used for making lenses and light covers.
STATEMENT-2 : It has excellent light transmission properties.

  1. STATEMENT-1 is True, STATEMENT-2 is True, STATEMENT-2 is a correct explanation for STATEMENT-1

  2. STATEMENT-1 is True, STATEMENT-2 is True, STATEMENT-2 is NOT a correct explanation for STATEMENT-1

  3. STATEMENT-1 is True, STATEMENT-2 is False

  4. STATEMENT-1 is False, STATEMENT-2 is True


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

PMMA (polymethyl methacrylate) is a widely commercially used bio-degradable polymer. It has excellent light transmission properties, due to which it is used for making lenses and light covers. 

List-l                         List-ll                                    
A)Rayon                   1)$CH _{2}O+C _{6}H _{5}OH$


B)Silicone polymers  2) $F _{2}C= CF _{2}$
 
                                             R
                                              |
C) Bakelite              3)  HO-Si-OH
                                              |
                                              R
D) Teflon                     4)Cellulose

  1. A-4 B-3 C-1 D-2

  2. A- 1 B-3 C-2 D-4

  3. A-4 B-2 C-3 D-1

  4. A-2 B-4 C-3 D-1


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

(A) Rayon:- Cellulose, organic polymer


(B) Silicone polymers consist of Si atom. Thus option 2.

(C) Bakelite:- condensation polymer formed by phenol and formaldehyde network structure


(D) Teflon:- Tetrafluoro ethene get polymerize forming teflon

A-4, B-3, C-1, D-2

A: Polymethyl methacrylate is also known as plexi glass.
R: PMMA is used in decorative articles.

  1. Both A and R are correct and R is the correct explanation of the A

  2. Both A and R are correct but R is not the correct explanation of the A

  3. A is correct but R is in correct

  4. A is incorrect but R is correct


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Polymethyl methacrylate is also known as plexi glass.
PMMA is polymethyl methaacrylate. It is an addition hopolymer of methyl methacrylate ($\displaystyle CH _2 =C(CH _3)COOCH _3 $).
PMMA is used in decorative articles, lenses, sign borads and aircraft windows.

Which of the following fibres are made up of polyamides?

  1. Wool

  2. natural silk

  3. Artifical silk

  4. Nylon


Correct Option: A,B,D

List - I                                       List - II
A) Polystyrene                        p) Condensation polymer
B) Polythene                           q) Thermoplastic polymer
C) Nylon- $6, :6$                        r) Polyamide
D) Terylene                             s) Addition polymer

  1. (a - q,s), (b - q,s), (c - p,q,r), (d - p)

  2. (a - p), (b - s), (c - p,r), (d - p,q)

  3. (a - s), (b - q), (c - p,r), (d - q)

  4. (a - q), (b - s), (c - r), (d - p,q)


Correct Option: A
Explanation:
The addition polymers are formed by the repeated addition of monomer molecules possessing double or triple bonds, e.g., the formation of polythene from ethene and polypropene from propene. Addition polymers: Polyvinyl chloride, Polythene, Buna-S, Buna-N, etc.

Polystyrene  is a synthetic aromatic polymer made from the monomer styrene.
It is addition polymer as it is made of addition of monomers.

The condensation polymers are formed by repeated condensation reaction between two different bi-functional or tri-functional monomeric units. 

In these polymerisation reactions, the elimination of small molecules such as water, alcohol, hydrogen chloride, etc. take place. The examples are terylene (dacron), nylon 6, 6, nylon 6, etc. For example, nylon 6, 6 is formed by the condensation of hexamethylene diamine with adipic acid.


Hence, option A is correct.

List -I                                List -II
A) Polystyrene               p) $C _{6}H _{5}-CH=CH _{2}$
B) Buna-S                      q) $CH _{2}=CH-CH=CH _{2}$
C) Buna - N                    r) $CH _{2}OH-CH _{2}OH$
D) Terylene                    s) Condensation polymer

  1. a- p

  2. b- p,q

  3. c-r

  4. d-r,s


Correct Option: A,B,D
Explanation:

The condensation polymers are formed by repeated condensation reaction between two different bi-functional or tri-functional monomeric units. 

Terylene is a condensation polymer. Monomers of Terylene is ethylene glycol and teri-phthalic acid.
Buna-S is formed by the monomeric addition of compound styrene (p) and butadiene (q). 
Hence, options A, B and D are correct options.

Generally, polyamides are _____.

  1. fiberes

  2. thermoplatics

  3. thermosetting

  4. elastomeres


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Polyamides are generally fibers because of the intermolecular forces like hydrogen bonding which gives them high tensile strength.

Non-stick frying pans are coated black with Teflon, a material that is resistant to heat. Teflon is a polymer of:

  1. fluoromethane

  2. styrene

  3. ethylene

  4. tetrafluoroethylene


Correct Option: D
Explanation:
Teflon is a polymer of tetrafluoroethylene $\left({C} _{2}{F} _{4} \right)$, also known as polytetrafluoroethylene. It is a manmade polymer that has particular applications in manufactured products because of the chemical properties of Polytetrafluoroethylene.

Plywood sheets are stuck together by unpolymerized:

  1. nylon

  2. carbon black

  3. urea-formaldehyde resins

  4. styrene and butadiene


Correct Option: C

Teflon, a polymer of tetrafluoroethylene, is an excellent plastic material for films and coatings. Which of the following is not the property of Teflon?

  1. It is unaltered by radiation

  2. It can withstand high temperatures

  3. It is one of the most chemically-resistant plastic in the world

  4. It is an ideal insulator for high-frequency fittings


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

$PTFE$ (Poly tetra fluoro ethylene) is very sensitive and is therefore not suitable for applications involving exposure of any radiation as it will degrade.

Teflon (tetrafluoroethylene) is a black material used in non-stick pans for frying chips and vegetables. The oil or butter does not stick at all. In the process of manufacture, one of the technical problems is:

  1. to make teflon stick to the metal of the pan

  2. to make teflon that is non-sticky

  3. to make teflon

  4. to cut a round sheet of teflon that exactly fits


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Teflon even when melted do not flow instead it behaves as a gel due to absence of crystalline phase and high melting point so manufactures finds a bit difficulty to make teflon stick to metal of pan.

Which monomer is used in preparation of orlon?

  1. $CF _2=CF _2$

  2. $CH _2=CH-CN$

  3. $CH _2=CH-Cl$

  4. $CH _2=CH-OH$


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Vinyl cyanide $ \displaystyle (CH _2=CH-CN)$ is the monomer that is used in preparation of orlon.

$ \displaystyle nCH _2=CH(CN)  \to [-CH _2-CH(CN)-] _n$.

Hence, the correct option is $B$.


Identify $X$ in the reaction.


$CHCl _3 \xrightarrow[HF]{SbF _3} CHF _2Cl \overset{1070\, K}{\rightarrow} (X)+2HCl$

  1. $F _2C=CF _2$

  2. $ClFC=CFCl$

  3. $F _2C=CFCl$

  4. $F _2C=CCl _2$


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

When chloroform is treated with antimony trifluoride and $HF$, 2 chlorine atoms are replaced with 2$ F$ atoms. 


When $\displaystyle CHF _2Cl $ is heated to 1070 K, terafluoroethylene (compound X) is obtained. 

$\displaystyle 2CHF _2Cl \xrightarrow {1070K} F _2C=CF _2 $

Which of the following fibres is a polyesters?

  1. Terylene

  2. Nylon-66

  3. Nylon-6

  4. Rayon


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Terylene fibres are made up of polyesters as they have repeating $-O-\underset { \parallel \ O }{ C } -$-group.

What substance is formed when $F _2C = CF _2$ is polymerized?

  1. Polyethylene

  2. Polyurathene

  3. PVC

  4. Teflon


Correct Option: D

The mass of potassium dichromate crystals required to oxidise $ 750 cm^3  $ of 0.6 m mohr's salt solution is ( molar mass = 392 ) 

  1. 0.49g

  2. 0.45 g

  3. 22.05 g

  4. 2.2 g


Correct Option: C
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