To answer this question, the user needs to know the basic concepts of object-oriented programming (OOP) and the differences between method overriding and method overloading.

Option A: Methods and variables - This option is partially correct. Overriding and overloading both apply to methods in OOP, not to variables. Therefore, this option is only correct for the first part of the question.

Option B: Class - This option is not correct. Overriding and overloading are not for classes, but for methods within classes.

Option C: Variables - This option is not correct. Overriding and overloading are not for variables, but for methods within classes.

Option D: Methods - This option is correct. Overriding and overloading are techniques used for methods in OOP. Method overriding means providing a new implementation of a method in a subclass that is already defined in its superclass. Method overloading means defining multiple methods with the same name in the same class, but with different parameters.

Therefore, the correct answer is:

The answer is: D. Methods

All the words in option B are among the 49 Java keywords. Although goto reserved as a keyword in Java, goto is not used and has no function.Option A is wrong because the keyword for the primitive int starts with a lowercase i.Option C is wrong because "vi

To legally declare, construct, and initialize an array, the user needs to know the syntax of creating an array and how to initialize it with values.

Option A is incorrect because it uses double quotes for the array initialization, which is used for string values. For integer values, we don't need to use quotes.

Option B is incorrect because it uses parentheses instead of curly brackets for array initialization.

Option C is incorrect because it declares a two-dimensional array but only initializes with one-dimensional values.

Option D is correct because it declares, constructs, and initializes a one-dimensional integer array with the values 4, 3, and 7.

Therefore, the answer is:

The Answer is: D

To declare an array and initialize it with five numbers, the user needs to know the syntax for declaring and initializing an array in Java.

Option A is incorrect because the Array class does not have a constructor that takes an integer as an argument, and thus this statement will not create an array of five elements.

Option B is correct because it initializes an integer array a with 5 elements and assigns the values 23, 22, 21, 20, and 19 to the array.

Option C is also correct because it declares an integer array a with 5 elements, but it does not initialize the array with any values.

Option D is incorrect because the syntax int [5] array is not valid in Java. The correct syntax should be int[] array = new int[5] which creates an integer array array with 5 elements and initializes all elements to 0.

Therefore, the correct answer is:

The Answer is: B. int [] a = {23,22,21,20,19};