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Quality of population - class-XI

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The main reasons for growing unemployment is____.

  1. massive computerization

  2. rapid population growth

  3. illiteracy

  4. defective education policy


Correct Option: B

Disguised unemployment is mainly found in ________.

  1. urban areas

  2. rural areas

  3. small scale sector

  4. highly qualified work force


Correct Option: B

In which of these sectors disguised unemployment is noticed?

  1. Agricultural

  2. Service

  3. Transport

  4. Industry


Correct Option: A

Disguised unemployment is generally found in _____.

  1. rural areas

  2. urban areas

  3. industrial areas

  4. metro cities


Correct Option: A

The backlog of unemployed in India is continuously ________.

  1. increasing

  2. decreasing

  3. fluctuating

  4. no specific trend


Correct Option: A

Unemployment rate was highest in which of the following years?

  1. 1983

  2. 1993-94

  3. 1999-2000

  4. 2004-05


Correct Option: D

Labour Force Participation Rate is the number of persons in labour force per ______ persons.

  1. 10

  2. 100

  3. 1000

  4. 10000


Correct Option: C

Work force is that part of labour force which is employed. (True/False)

  1. True

  2. False

  3. Can't say

  4. None of above


Correct Option: A

Which of the following are causes of unemployment in India?

  1. Growth without adequate employment opportunities

  2. Growing population

  3. Inappropriate technology and education system

  4. All of above


Correct Option: D

______ unemployment is a long term unemployment

  1. Voluntary

  2. Frictional

  3. Casual

  4. Chronic


Correct Option: D

Usual status measures the number of per-sons who may be _______ unemployed.

  1. chronically

  2. disguisedly

  3. educated

  4. industrially


Correct Option: A

Unemployment rate among educated was  ______ than for uneducated. 

  1. higher

  2. lower

  3. equal

  4. none of the above


Correct Option: A

If in a population of $1000$ people, $400$ are in the labor force and $392$ are employed, what is the unemployment rate?

  1. $2\%$

  2. $8\%$

  3. $6\%$

  4. $4\%$


Correct Option: A

Measure estimates the number of persons who may be said to be chronically unemployed.

  1. Usual status

  2. Current weekly status.

  3. Current daily status.

  4. Current yearly status.


Correct Option: A

Work force refers to the part of _______________.

  1. labour force, which is employed.

  2. population, which is unemployed.

  3. population, which is forced to work.

  4. labour force, which is unemployed.


Correct Option: A

During 2008-09, more than_____crore households were provided employment under the scheme of Mahatma Gandhi National rural employment guarantee scheme (MGNREGS).

  1. 5.49

  2. 6.47

  3. 5.5

  4. none


Correct Option: A

Which of the following is measures of Unemployment?

  1. Usual Status.

  2. Current Weekly Status.

  3. Current Daily Status.

  4. All of the above


Correct Option: D

Situation, where some people are unwilling to work at the prevailing wage rate, is called _____________.

  1. Voluntary unemployment

  2. Technological unemployment

  3. Frictional unemployment

  4. Disguised employment


Correct Option: A

Cause of unemployment is due to ________________.

  1. lack of financial resources

  2. slow growth problem

  3. faulty employment planning

  4. all of the above


Correct Option: D

The primary aim of 'Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Programme' does not include which of the following?

  1. Lift the household above the poverty line.

  2. Provide self employment opportunities to households living below the line of poverty.

  3. Create and set up "rural productive assets.'

  4. Transform rural area into urban areas.


Correct Option: D

In India, present trend of rapid urbanization is due to ___________.

  1. influence of cinema and electronic media

  2. lack of employment opportunity in rural areas

  3. break-up of joint family system

  4. abolition of zamindari system


Correct Option: B

Underemployment occurs when people _____.

  1. do not want to work

  2. are working in a lazy manner

  3. are working less than what they are capable of doing

  4. are not paid for their work


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Underemployment may be defined as “a situation in which the person is capable of working both physically and mentally at the existing wage rate, but does not get a job to work”. Open underemployment is a situation wherein a large section of the labour force does not get a job that may yield them regular income. This type of unemployment can be seen and counted in terms of the number of unemployed persons. The labour force expands at a faster rate than the growth rate of economy. Therefore, all people do not get jobs.

Disguised unemployment can be observed in _____.

  1. rural areas

  2. urban areas

  3. both 1 and 2

  4. factories


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Disguised unemployment exists where part of the labour force is either left without work or is working in a redundant manner where worker's productivity is essentially zero. It is unemployment that does not affect aggregate output. An economy demonstrates disguised unemployment when productivity is low and too many workers are filling too few jobs. It can be observed in rural as well as in urban areas.

People who are engaged throughout the day but do not contribute to the production output are called ____.

  1. openly unemployed

  2. openly employed

  3. underemployed

  4. over employed


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Underemployment refers to a job that is insufficient in some important way for a worker, relative to a standard, which results in the under-utilization of the worker. Examples include holding a part-time job despite desiring full-time work, and overqualification, where the employee has education, experience, or skills beyond the requirements of the job.

'Disguised unemployment' refers to ____ .

  1. individuals with no jobs

  2. more persons employed for a job which a few can accomplish

  3. unemployment among women

  4. unemployment of people above 60 years of age


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Disguised unemployment is a kind of unemployment in which there are people who are visibly employed but are actually unemployed. This situation is also known as 'Hidden Unemployment'. In such a situation more people are engaged in a work than required.

Consider the following statements:


1. The maximum unemployment in India is in rural areas.
2. There is disguised unemployment in agricultural sector.
3. Industrialisation has rendered people jobless in India.

Which of the statement(s) given above is/are correct?

  1. 1 and 2

  2. 1 and 3

  3. 2 and 3

  4. 1, 2 and 3


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Disguised unemployment is primarily traced in the agricultural and the unorganised sectors of the economy. Agriculture provides employment to almost 51% of the total population. However, the sector’s contribution to the country’s GDP is just 12-13%.

Educated unemployment arises due to ______.

  1. shortage of raw material

  2. lack of skill-based education

  3. high illiteracy rate

  4. high levels of employment in tertiary sector


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Unemployment is a situation of not getting the work and wages with eligible conditions. People are getting education but not getting the jobs is educated unemployment.

What was the objective of NREGA 2005?

  1. Increase production in agriculture

  2. To provide food security

  3. Guaranteed 100 days of employment

  4. Provide health facilities


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

The objective of implementing the NREGA 2005 was to provide 100 days of guaranteed employment to those people in rural India who can work, and are in need of work.

Underemployment occurs when people  _______.

  1. are not employed

  2. are slow workers

  3. are not working to the full extent

  4. are not increasing the production even after labouring


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Underemployment has been studied from a variety of perspectives, including economics, management, psychology, and sociology. In economics, for example, the term underemployment has three different distinct meanings and applications. All meanings involve a situation in which a person is working, unlike unemployment, where a person who is searching for work cannot find a job. All meanings involve under-utilization of labour which is missed by most official (governmental agency) definitions and measurements of unemployment.

Where is seasonal unemployment found?

  1. Urban areas

  2. Rural areas

  3. In remote areas

  4. Both in rural and urban areas


Correct Option: B
Explanation:
The period of seasonal unemployment in India varies from state to state, depending upon the methods of farming, nature of soil and possibility of multiple cropping. Hence, seasonal unemployment is found in rural areas as the main occupation there is agriculture.

If a person cannot find a job during some months of the year, which type of employment is this called?

  1. Structural unemployment

  2. Cyclical unemployment

  3. Seasonal unemployment

  4. none of these


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Seasonal unemployment is one of the many types of unemployment. Seasonal unemployment is the unemployment created from seasonal variations in demand for goods and services. In an economy there will be certain times of year when the demand for goods and services are lower than normal.

Disguised unemployment refers to ___________.

  1. people with no job

  2. more people employed for a job where less can fit in

  3. unemployment among women

  4. unemployment of people over sixty years of age


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Disguised unemployment is either when the workforce is unemployed or when their contribution to the output is zero.

That is unemployment does not affect the output.
 For example, in Indian villages, where most of the unemployment exists in this form people are found to be apparently engaged in agricultural activities. If in a situation even if many workers are withdrawn, the same work will continue to be done by fewer people. It follows that all the workers are not needed to maintain the existing level of production. The contribution of such labourers to production is thus zero or near zero.

Which one of the following is unemployment rate?

  1. Percentage of unemployed persons to total population.

  2. Percentage of unemployed persons to total labour force.

  3. Percentage of unemployed persons to total workforce.

  4. Percentage of unemployed persons to total persons not in labour force.


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Unemployment means the percentage of total work force which is unemployed and is willing to work, thus, looking for a paid job. Unemployment rate is one of the most closely watched statistics because a rising rate is seen as a sign of weakening economy that may call for cut in interest rate.

Unemployment rate $=\displaystyle\frac{Unemployed\ workers}{Total\ workforce}$.

Most common forms of unemployment in India is/are _______.

  1. seasonal unemployment

  2. disguised unemployment

  3. open unemployment

  4. Both A and B


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

 

Seasonal and Disguised unemployments are regarded as the most common in India. In seasonal unemployment, it happens only in the seasonal months of the year. And, disguised unemployment in which worker's contribution to the output is negligible. 
Hence, both A and B is the correct answer.

Open unemployment refers to people __________.

  1. who are not willing to work

  2. who are willing to work but do not get jobs

  3. who leave their jobs in search of better ones

  4. who have been dismissed because of corrupt practices


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Open unemployment refers to the unavailability of employment/job opportunities for people who are willing to work. Open unemployment is the basic and most significant measure of unemployment rate in an economy.

Disguised unemployment is mainly due to _________.

  1. underemployment

  2. seasonal nature of work

  3. strike and lock-out

  4. structural changes in the economy


Correct Option: A

Disguised unemployment refers to the situation when. _________.

  1. marginal productivity of the surplus workers is zero

  2. marginal productivity of the surplus workers is less than average productivity

  3. the marginal productivity of the surplus workers is constant

  4. marginal productivity of the surplus workers is falling sharply


Correct Option: A

Employment Assurance Scheme is funded by Centre and States in the ratio of _________.

  1. 20:80

  2. 80:20

  3. 75:25

  4. 30:70


Correct Option: C

Employment Assurance Scheme aims ________.

  1. to provide gainful employment during the lean agricultural season in manual work to all able bodied adults in rural areas who are in need and desirous of work, but cannot find it

  2. to provide employment at least 100 days in a year

  3. to provide employment to at least one person in a family for 3 months in a year

  4. to help in getting jobs to rural educated persons


Correct Option: A

Which of the following is not a cause of unemployment in India?

  1. Growing population

  2. Lack of employment opportunity

  3. Inappropriate education system

  4. Liberalisation


Correct Option: D

Which of the following is / are a cause(s) of frictional unemployment?

  1. Non-availability of work due to strike and lockout.

  2. Temporary unemployment due to change over in job.

  3. Both

  4. None


Correct Option: C

Structural unemployment is mainly due to ________.

  1. structural changes in the economy

  2. technological development

  3. growth in GDP

  4. population explosion


Correct Option: A

Which of these measures would not reduce natural rate of unemployment?

  1. Creation of more jobs

  2. Reducing the age of superannuation

  3. Hike in unemployment allowance

  4. Employment oriented education system


Correct Option: C

Employment Assurance Scheme was launched on _______.

  1. 2nd October 1990

  2. 2nd October 1993

  3. 15 th August 1947

  4. 26th January 1993


Correct Option: B

Unemployment is likely to be maximum during;

  1. Inflation

  2. Depression

  3. Economic slow down

  4. Flood or other natural calamities


Correct Option: B

Over __________ of India's workforce is disguisedly unemployed.

  1. $1/3$rd

  2. $1/2$nd

  3. $1/4$th

  4. $1/5$th


Correct Option: A

The unemployment rate between 1999-2000 to 2004-05 was _______.

  1. went up

  2. came down

  3. remained constant

  4. no specific trend


Correct Option: A

In disguised unemployment _______.

  1. productivity is nil or positive

  2. productivity is always positive

  3. productivity is always negative

  4. productivity is nil or Negative.


Correct Option: D

Unemployment rate is defined as number of persons unemployed per _________ persons in labour force.

  1. 100

  2. 1000

  3. 10

  4. 10000


Correct Option: B

Unemployment in India had first _____ than _____.

  1. decreased, risen

  2. risen, decreased

  3. decreases, again decrease

  4. increased, again increased


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

An official survey that has been withheld by the government shows India's unemployment rate rose to a 45-year high during 2017-2018, the Business Standard newspaper reported on Thursday, delivering a blow to Prime Minister Narendra Modi just months before what is expected to be a closely fought general election.

Unemployment resulting from short term contracts terminable at any time is called _________.

  1. voluntary

  2. frictional

  3. casual

  4. seasonal


Correct Option: C

"People enjoy a continuous flow of income and need not work" is a characteristic of which type of unemployment?

  1. Voluntary

  2. Frictional

  3. Casual

  4. Seasonal


Correct Option: A

The incidence of unemployment in India is ________.

  1. quite low

  2. quite high

  3. moderately low

  4. moderately high


Correct Option: B

Unemployment rate in India over the years has ________.

  1. increased

  2. decreased

  3. remained constant

  4. has not shown any specific trend


Correct Option: A

Functional employment occurs when _____________.

  1. there is a fall in aggregate demand

  2. workers are voluntarily unemployed

  3. workers are unemployed due to technology

  4. non of these


Correct Option: C

Growth of _______ should exceed growth of ______ to reduce the backlog of unemployment.

  1. labour force, employment

  2. employment, labour force,

  3. labour force, unemployment

  4. unemployment, labour force


Correct Option: B

Which of the following was the ordering of magnitudes of employment rates according to various measures?

  1. Daily status < current weekly status < usual status rates

  2. Daily status > current weekly status > usual status rates

  3. Daily status < usual status < current weekly status

  4. Daily status > usual status > current weekly status.


Correct Option: A

According to NSSO (2004.05), unemployment rates on the basis of current daily status were ________ than those on the basis of usual status and current weekly status.

  1. much higher

  2. marginally higher

  3. much lower

  4. marginally lower


Correct Option: A

The unemployment rates have been found to be highest for _______.

  1. urban males

  2. urban females

  3. rural males

  4. rural females


Correct Option: B

Chronic unemployment also known as  ___________.

  1. usual principal status employment

  2. open unemployment

  3. both (A) and (B)

  4. neither (A) nor (B)


Correct Option: C

If a person is unwilling to work at the prevailing wage rate, it is a case of ______ unemployment.

  1. voluntary

  2. frictional

  3. casual

  4. disguised


Correct Option: A

A person who is not gainfully employed in any productive activity is called____.

  1. openly unemployed

  2. disguisedly unemployed

  3. particularly umemployed

  4. unemployed


Correct Option: D

______ means people are unwilling to work at prevailing wage rate.

  1. Voluntary Unemployment

  2. Involuntary Unemployment

  3. Chromic Unemployment

  4. Chronic Unemployment


Correct Option: A

When work is suspended due to strikes on lockouts, it is a case of ______ unemployment.

  1. voluntary

  2. frictional

  3. casual

  4. disguised


Correct Option: B

When some people in a society are unwilling to work at the prevailling wage rate and these are people who have income from property or some other sources and need not work, such people are____.

  1. casually unemployed

  2. chronically unemployed

  3. voluntarily enemployed

  4. disguisedly unemployed


Correct Option: C

When some workers are temporarily out of work while changing jobs, it is a case of ______ unemployment.

  1. Voluntary

  2. frictional

  3. Casual

  4. Disguised


Correct Option: B

For measuring Unemployment, the term "Work Force" includes _____________.

  1. employed persons

  2. unemployed persons

  3. both (a) and (b)

  4. neither (a) nor (b)


Correct Option: A

Deficiency in effective demand increases the ______ in the economy.

  1. employment

  2. unemployment

  3. inflation

  4. output


Correct Option: B

For measuring Unemployment, the term "Labour Force" refers to____.

  1. entire population

  2. economically active population

  3. both (a) and (b)

  4. neither (a) nor (b)


Correct Option: B

For measuring Unemployment, the term "Labour Force" includes____.

  1. employed persons

  2. unemployed persons

  3. both (a) and )b)

  4. neither (a) nor (b)


Correct Option: C

______ unemployment may result when some workers are temporarily out of work while changing job.

  1. Cycllical

  2. Voluntary

  3. Frictional

  4. Seasonal


Correct Option: C

Difficulties in getting workers and vacancies together is called____.

  1. imperfect mobility of labour

  2. perfect mobility of labour

  3. both (a) and (b)

  4. neither (a) nor (b)


Correct Option: A

Which of these is a cause for Unemployment in India?

  1. Over-Population.

  2. Use of Capital Intensive Technology.

  3. Gaps between Education and Job Requirments.

  4. All of the above.


Correct Option: D

For measuring Unemployment, "Labour Force" will be ______ "Work Force".

  1. lower than

  2. higher than

  3. equal to

  4. nothing can be said


Correct Option: B

____________ unemployment refers to a situation where some workers are temporarily out of work while changing jobs.

  1. Cyclical.

  2. Voluntary.

  3. Frictional.

  4. Seasonal.


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Fricitional unemployment refers to a situation where some workers are temporarily unemployed while changing jobs.

The Occupational structure of India's labour force since 1951 has____.

  1. changed significantly

  2. remained more or less static

  3. moved against services and in favour of agriculture

  4. shown trends which cannot be titled in any pattern.


Correct Option: B

If in a population of 1000 people, 400 people are in the labour force, 392 are employed, what is the unemployment rate?

  1. 2%

  2. 8%

  3. 6%

  4. 4%


Correct Option: A

According to ______ measure, a person is said to be employed for the week eve if he is employed only for a day during the week.

  1. Usual Satus

  2. Current Weekly Status

  3. Current Daily Status

  4. Current Yearly Status


Correct Option: B

___________ measure estimates the number of persons who may be said to be chronically unemployed.

  1. Usual status

  2. Current weekly status

  3. Current daily status

  4. Current yearly status


Correct Option: A

Unemployed Rate equals ______________________.

  1. number of persons in the Labour Force per 1000 persons of the Population

  2. number of persons employed per 1000 persons in the Labour-Force

  3. number of persons unemployed per 1000 persons in the Labour-Force

  4. none of the above


Correct Option: C

Current Weekly Status as per the Periodic Labor Force Survey has a reference period of _________.

  1. 1 day

  2. 1 week

  3. 1 month

  4. 1 year


Correct Option: B

If in a population of 1000 people, 400 people are in the labour force, 392 are employed,what is the unemployment rate?

  1. 2 percent

  2. 8 percent

  3. 6 percent

  4. 4 percent


Correct Option: A

___________ measures generally gives the lowest estimate of unemployment.

  1. Current weekly status

  2. Usual status

  3. Current daily status

  4. Current monthly status


Correct Option: B

______ measures gives the lowest estimate of unemployment for a poor economy.

  1. Usual Status

  2. Current Weekly Status

  3. Current Daily Status

  4. All of the above


Correct Option: A

Labour-Force Participation Rate (LFPR) equals _______________.

  1. number of persons in the Labor Force per 1000 persons of the Population

  2. number of persons employed per 1000 persons in the Labour-Force

  3. number of persons unemployed per 1000 persons in the Labor-Force

  4. none of the above


Correct Option: A

If out of $100$ people in the labour force, $92$ are in the work force, the number of people unemployed is ______________.

  1. $8$

  2. $192$

  3. $100$

  4. $92$


Correct Option: A

The following table provides a breakup of a country's population (in Crores):

Children below the working age 18
Unemployed People looking for a job 9
Full-time Students (not looking for a job) 2
Retired People 14
Employed People 64
People confined to correctional institutions 1
Other Adults not in the labour force 7
Total Population 114

Based on the information in the Table,the Country's Unemployment Rate is -

  1. 7.0%

  2. 12.5%

  3. 20.2%

  4. 22.2%


Correct Option: A

There is always a Natural Rate of Unemployment in an economy due to ___________________.

  1. Frictional Changes

  2. Policies that encourage potential employees to reject job offers and discourage employers from offering appropriate wages

  3. Structural Changes

  4. All the above


Correct Option: D

As per statistical Analysis, Unemployment Rates on CDS basis are ______ those on UPS basis.

  1. Lower than

  2. Higher than

  3. Equal to

  4. Nothing can be said


Correct Option: B

The following table provides a breakdown of a country's population (millions) :

Total population 114 Children (below the working age) 18
Unemployed people looking for a job 9 Full-time students (not looking for a job) 2
Retired people 14 Employed people 63
People confined to correctional 1 Other adults not in the labour force 7


What is the unemployment rate of the given population?

  1. $7.9\%$

  2. $12.5\%$

  3. $20.2\%$

  4. $22.2\%$


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Labour Force =$114 - 14 - 1 - 18 - 2 - 7 = 72$
Employed people = $63$
Unemployed people = $72 - 63 = 9$

Unemployment rate = $\frac{9 \times 100}{72} = 12.5\%$

When does the Actual Rate of Unemployment fall below the Natural rate of Unemployment?

  1. Recession.

  2. Prosperity.

  3. contraction.

  4. Depression.


Correct Option: B

In economics, there is full employment of labour when ________________.

  1. everyone is working 16 hours per day all year

  2. everyone who wants a job can find one within a reasonable span of time

  3. the potential output exceeds actual output of an economy

  4. unemployment is just equal to the cyclical rate of unemployment


Correct Option: B

If $9$ people are unemployed and $411$ people are in the work force, then people in labour force are ______________.

  1. $402$

  2. $411$

  3. $9$

  4. $420$


Correct Option: D

The workers got a relief from the temporary unemployment because of seasonal work ___________.

  1. increased in construction of buildings and railway networks

  2. permanent jobs were created by government

  3. stopped the use of machines and workers were inducted in work

  4. workers worked in the agricultural field throughout the year


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Unemployment is very much prevailing in India. So a lot of workers depend on seasonal work. These are works which are for a time period. Many such workers got relief from this unemployment when building and railway network construction work started.

Unemployment refers to people __________.

  1. who are not willing to work

  2. who are willing but do no get work

  3. who leave their jobs in search of better ones

  4. who have been dismissed because of incorrect practices


Correct Option: B

Unemployment in India is mostly _________.

  1. technical

  2. structural

  3. voluntary

  4. frictional


Correct Option: B

The major causes of unemployment in India can be classified as _________.

  1. under development

  2. rapid population growth

  3. defective planning

  4. all of the above.


Correct Option: D

Which of the following programmes is being implemented in all the districts of the country?

  1. Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan

  2. Navodaya Vidyalaya

  3. Ultra Mega Power Project

  4. Rajiv Gandhi Grameen Vidyutikaran Yojana


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Sarva shiksha abhiyan is an Indian government initiative of making free and compulsory education to children between the age of 6-14 years of age as a fundamental right. This program is implemented in all the districts of the country. 

Sarvashiksha Abhiyan Programme was launched in____.

  1. 1999

  2. 2000

  3. 2001

  4. 2006


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Sarva shiksha abhiyan launched in the year $2001$ is an Indian government initiative of making free and compulsory education to children between the age of $ 6-14$ years of age as a fundamental right. 

This program is implemented in all the districts of the country. 

The first fully literate district outside the Kerala State is__________.

  1. Wardhaman(West Bengal)

  2. Chingelpattu(Tamil Nadu)

  3. Nasik(Maharashtra)

  4. Merkata(Karnataka)


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Literacy is the state of being able to read and write. After Kerala state the district that is first fully literate is a district in the state of west Bengal Vardhaman.

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