Fungal, protozoan and worm diseases - class-XII
Description: fungal, protozoan and worm diseases | |
Number of Questions: 85 | |
Created by: Ashok Dhingra | |
Tags: health and disease keeping diseases away zoology microbes our health, diseases and prevention human health and diseases biology diseases and hygiene important and common human diseases health, disease and yoga diseases - cause and control some common diseases human health and disease |
Given below is a list of few sexually transmitted diseases. Identify the diseases caused by bacteria among these.
(i) Gonorrhoea, (ii) Giardiasis, (iii) Trichomoniasis, (iv) Chancroid, (v) Syphilis
-
(i) and (ii)
-
(i), (iv) and (v)
-
(iii) and (v)
-
(ii), (iii) and (iv)
Gonorrhoea is caused by Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Chancroid, is caused by Haemophilus ducreyi. Syphilis is caused by Treponema pallidum. Giardiasis and trichomoniasis are protozoan diseases.
Malaria Day is
-
25th April
-
15th August
-
5th June
-
6th January
Cerebral malaria is due to
-
Plasmodium falciparum
-
Plasmodium vivax
-
Plasmodium malariae
-
Plasmodium ovale
Leucorrhoea is caused by
-
Leishmania donovani
-
Trichomonas vaginalis
-
Lophomonas blattarum
-
Trichonympha campanula
Meningo-encephalitis is caused by
-
Plasmodium
-
Entamoeba
-
Trichomonas
-
Trypanosoma
- Meningoencephalitis is the Inflammation of the brain and surrounding tissues, usually caused by infection.
- Signs of meningoencephalitis include unusual behavior, personality changes, and thinking problems and Symptoms may include headache, fever, pain in neck movement, light sensitivity, and seizure.
- Causative organisms include protozoans, viral and bacterial pathogens.
- The protozoal pathogen responsible for Meningoencephalitis is Trypanosoma.
- Hence Meningoencephalitis is caused by Trypanosoma.
- So, the correct answer is 'Trypanosoma'.
Amoebiasis in prevented by
-
Eating balanced food
-
Eating plenty of fruits
-
Drinking boiled water
-
Using mosquito nets
- Thoroughly wash fruits and vegetables before eating.
- If you must drink water, boil it or treat it with iodine.
American trypanosomiasis is also called as
-
Chagas disease
-
Dumdum fever
-
Espundia
-
Both B and C
Entamoeba histolytica infection occurs through
-
Contaminated water and food
-
Sweat
-
Bird droppings
-
Mosquito bites
Trypanosoma/Trypanosomiasis is spread by
-
Housefly
-
Tse-tse fly
-
Sand fly
-
Culex
- African trypanosomiasis, also known as sleeping sickness is caused by a protozoan parasite called Trypanosoma brucei.
- Trypanosomiasis is spread by spread by the bite of an infected tsetse fly and is most common in rural areas.
- Hence Trypanosoma/Trypanosomiasis is spread by Tse-tse fly.
- So, the correct answer is 'Tse-tse fly'.
Causative agent of amoebiasis is
-
Amoeba proteus
-
Entamoeba histolytica
-
Entamoeba coli
-
Entamoeba gingivalis
Which of the following is a communicable disease?
-
Cancer
-
Malaria
-
Heart attack
-
Diabetes
Any disease that can be transferred from infected person to healthy is called as communicable disease such as malaria because malaria is caused by Plasmodium and transferred from infected to healthy by the help of vector i.e., mosquitoes. Whereas cancer (caused by abnormal cell growth), Heart attack (caused by abnormal metabolism) and diabetes (caused by abnormal secretion of hormone) are the non-communicable disease
In patients suffering from sleeping sickness, the critical symptom which may lead to death appears when the parasite invades
-
Spleen
-
Heart
-
Cerebrospinal fluid
-
Vitreous humor
Sleeping sickness is curable if treatment is given quickly, however, if left untreated the disease is fatal. Once in the second stage of the disease, when the parasite has crossed the blood-brain barrier, treatment becomes much more aggressive with more toxic drugs needed to kill the parasite. So, the correct option is "C" (Cerebrospinal fluid).
Which of the following is a protozoan disease?
-
Malaria
-
Typhoid
-
AIDS
-
Cholera
Protozoan diseases are caused by the organisms belonging to the Kingdom Protista, called Protozoa.
Incorrect about Entamoeba histolytica or amoebiasis is:
(a) Parasite of small intestine
(b) Causes dysentery
(c) Houseflies are mechanical carriers
(d) Symptoms include constipation, abdominal pain and cramp.
-
A
-
C
-
A, C
-
All are correct
_________ is a protozoan disease.
-
Favas
-
Pullorum
-
Coccidiosis
-
Thrush
Amoebic dysentery is due to ............... infection
-
Entamoeba histolystica
-
Entamoeba gingivalis
-
Entamoeba hartmanni
-
Both A and C
Entamoeba histolytica is an endoparasile lives in the large intestine of man. It lives in tissues of caecum and colon of large intestine. The pathogenic form cause amoebiasis and hepatic amoebiasis. Thus, the correct answer is option A.
Sleeping sickness is caused by
-
Trypanosoma
-
Leishmania
-
Entamoeba
-
Plasmodium
Sleeping sickness is caused by two germs (protozoa), Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense and Trypanosomoa brucei gambiense. The more severe form of the illness is caused by T. brucei rhodesiense. Tsetse flies carry the infection. Thus, the correct answer is option A.
Trypanosoma causes
-
Dysentery
-
Sleeping sickness
-
Plague
-
Malaria
Other than intestine, Entamoeba histolytica often gets lodged in
-
Brain
-
Liver
-
Lungs and Testes
-
All of the above
Entamoeba histolytica is a microscopic endoparasite of man and is commonly found in the lumen of the upper part of the large intestine, that is the colon. In chronic cases, they get into blood circulation and migrate to the spleen, liver, lungs, gonads, and brain, where they produce secondary complications.
Infective state of Entamoeba histolytica is
-
Spore
-
Tetranucleated cyst
-
Egg
-
Trophozoite
Entamoeba histolytica complete its life cycle in two stage on one host only infective stage and colon invasive trophozoite stage. In infective stage, infection occurs by the ingestion of tetranucleated cyst through the contaminated food and water. So, the correct answer is option B.
Which one of the following disease(s) is/are spread by housefly?
-
Dengue fever
-
Encephalitis
-
Filariasis
-
Amoebiasis
Choose the correct statement.
-
Filariasis occurs by Trichoderma
-
Housefly is the vector of amoebiasis
-
Culex acts as vector for malaria
-
Ascariasis occurs by droplet infection
- Filariasis is a parasitic disease caused by an infection with roundworms such as Wuchereria bancrofti.
- Amoebiasis, also known as amoebic dysentery, is an infection caused by Entamoeba. The housefly transmits pathogens via touch or from bodily fluids, including from their saliva, faeces, vomit, and urine. Housefly act as a vector for amoebic dysentery, typhoid, cholera, Trachoma, tapeworm, roundworm, leprosy, mycoses etc.
- Malaria is a mosquito-borne infectious disease that affects humans and other animals. The vector for malaria is female Anopheles mosquito.
- Ascariasis is a disease caused by the parasitic roundworm Ascaris lumbricoides. The source of infection is from objects which have been contaminated with faecal matter containing eggs.
-
True
-
False
-
Ambigous
-
Data insufficient
Female Anopheles mosquito is a vector for Malarial parasite. Infection occurs when the mosquito bites an infected person and then later on bites a healthy person, while it feeds on the blood of the host.
In sickle cell anaemia the deformity is in
-
WBCs
-
Platelets
-
RBCs
-
None of the above
Normal RBCs are disc-shaped and can move easily through the blood vessels. RBCs contain haemoglobin, which carries oxygen from lungs to rest of the body. Sickle cells contain abnormal haemoglobin called sickle haemoglobin or haemoglobin S. This causes the RBCs to develop sickle or crescent shape. These cells are stiff and sticky and tend to block the blood flow in the blood vessels, which can cause pain and organ damage and also increased the risk for infection. So, the correct answer is option C.
Which of the following transmits visceral leishmaniasis?
-
$Phlebotomus$
-
$Cimex$
-
$Glossina$
-
$Culex$
Phlebotomus is a genus of sand flies. They are primarily responsible for the transmission of leishmaniasis, an important parasitic disease. The most common forms are cutaneous leishmaniasis which causes skin sores and visceral leishmaniasis which affects several internal organs.
Therefore, the correct answer is option A.
Sandfly is a vector for
-
Trypanosoma evansi
-
Trypanosoma gambiense
-
Leishmania donovani
-
Trypanosoma cruzi
Which of the following pair is correctly matched?
-
Leishmania - kala azar
-
Giardia - sleeping sickness
-
Entamoeba - malaria
-
Plasmodium - dysentry
Kala azar is also known as 'black fever' and is considered to be the most severe form of leishmaniasis. It is caused by the protozoans of Leishmania genus.
Which one of the following is polymorphic?
-
Taenia solium
-
Trypanosoma
-
Paramoecium
-
Entamoeba
The occurrence of more than one form of an individual in a single species within an interbreeding population is known as polymorphism. Trypanosoma shows this feature with three main forms, all of which have a small kinetoplast and a conspicuous undulating membrane. Hence, option B is correct.
The African tsetse fly spreads
-
Sleeping sickness
-
Malaria
-
Filaria
-
Yellow fever
Human African trypanosomiasis, also known as sleeping sickness, is a vector-borne parasitic disease. It is caused by infection with protozoan parasites belonging to the genus Trypanosoma. They are transmitted to humans by tsetse fly (Glossina genus) bites which have acquired their infection from human beings or from animals harbouring the human pathogenic parasites.
Trypanosoma is transmitted by
-
Vector
-
Contamination
-
Kissing
-
Contact
Which of the following is a protozoan disease?
-
Tetanus
-
Measles
-
Filariasis
-
Sleeping sickness
Tetanus (lockjaw) is an infectious disease caused by the bacteria Clostridium tetani. Measles is a highly contagious infection caused by the measles virus. Filariasis a parasitic disease caused by an infection with roundworms of the Filarioidea type. African trypanosomiasis or sleeping sickness is a parasitic disease of humans and other animals. It is caused by protozoa of the species Trypanosoma brucei.
Vector tsetse fly is the carrier of the pathogen
-
Wuchereria
-
Plasmodium
-
Trypanosoma
-
None of the above
African trypanosomiasis or sleeping sickness is a parasitic disease of humans and other animals. It is caused by protozoa of the species Trypanosoma brucei. It is usually transmitted by the bite of an infected tsetse fly and are most common in rural areas.
The vector that spreads the sleeping sickness is
-
Tsetse fly
-
Anopheles mosquito
-
Tiger mosquito
-
Aedes aegypti
African trypanosomiasis also known as sleeping sickness, is a vector-borne parasitic disease caused by protozoan parasites belonging to the genus Trypanosoma. The small, single-celled organisms called trypanosomes are transmitted through the bites of tsetse flies. Tsetse flies include all the species in the genus Glossina.
Malaria is caused by _______________.
-
Fungi
-
Bacteria
-
Virus
-
Protozoa
Malaria is caused by Protozoa belonging to genus plasmodium.
Which of the following protozoans causes amoebic dysentery?
-
Entamoeba histolytica
-
Giardia lamblia
-
Escherichia coli
-
Entamoeba coli
Entamoeba histolytica is a parasitic protozoan that is responsible for causing amoebic dysentery. The disease is transmitted by food and water which is contaminated by fecal matter of the infected person. The symptoms include stomach pain, diarrhea, etc.
In malaria, shivering occurs when ___________________.
-
Schizonts enter R.B.C.
-
Sporozoites enter human body
-
Merozoites are liberated from RB.C. alongwith toxin
-
Signet ring stage is attained
In patient suffering from malaria, the cells having Schuffner's granules are _________________.
-
Gametocytes
-
Signet ring trophozoites
-
Infected erythrocytes
-
Infected liver cells
Which of these sets is incorrect :
-
Plasmodium falciparum, malaria, relapse, mosquito
-
TryPansoma gambiense, Glossina, sleeping sickness
winter bottom's sign -
Wuchereria bancrofti, elephantiasis, microfilariae
mosquito -
Entamoeba histolytica, dysentery, quadrinucleate cyst
colon
Select the matching pair :
-
Giardia - diarrhoea
-
Plasmodium - pyorrhea
-
Leishmania - dysentery
-
Trypanosoma - Kala-azar
Giardia is an infection of i small intestine. causes diarrhoea.
Which one of the following is a protozoan disease?
-
African sleeping sickness
-
Measles
-
Cholera
-
Taeniasis
African sleeping sickness is a disease which is caused by a parasite which is a protozoa known as Trypanosoma brucei. There are certain flies which get infected by this protozoan. When the infected fly bites the human, there is transmission of the diseases. The fly is native to Africa and hence, the disease is known as African sleeping sickness.
An example of protozoan infecting our intestine is ___________
-
Plasmodium vivax
-
Entamoeba histolytica
-
Trypanosoma gambiense
-
Taenia solium
The aural organism for African sleeping sickness is
-
Trypanosoma cruzi
-
Trypanosoma rhodesiense
-
Trypanosoma tangela
-
Trypanosoma gambiense
Entamoeba coli causes
-
Pyorrhoea
-
Diarrhoea
-
Dysentery
-
None of the above
Trypanosomiasis is transmitted by
-
Housefly
-
Mayfly
-
Tse-tse fly
-
Fruit fly
Trypanosomiasis is a term which describes various diseases which affect men and cattle. While Trypanosoma gambiense is the milder form, Trypanosoma rhodesiense is one which afflicts more. This deadly parasitic infection is commonly called as sleeping sickness, is transmitted in man by the bite of the infected Tsetse fly of genus Glossina and family Glossinidae that inhabits the mid continental Africa between Sahara and Kalahari deserts.
Infection of Entamoeba histolytica is prevented by
-
Avoiding kissing
-
Avoiding clothes of patient
-
Uncontaminated food
-
None of the above
Kala-azar is caused and transmitted respectively by
-
Leishmania and Phlebotomus
-
Trypanosoma and sandfly
-
Leishmania and tse-tse fly
-
Trypanosoma and Glossina palpalis
Kala azar is a parasitic disease next to malaria but along with sleeping sickness this is one of the dangerously neglected diseases of the tropical belt. This disease which is endemic in more than 60 countries attacks the immune system making it nearly fatal. his disease is transmitted to human beings by the bites of infected phlebotomine sandflies which is the vector for the leishmania parasite. so, the correct answer is option A.
House fly is not the vector for the transmission of
-
Leprosy
-
Dysentery
-
Typhoid
-
Sleeping sickness
Sleeping sickness is transmitted by Tse-tse fly. Leprosy is an ailment of the skin and housefly can spread the causative agent. Dysentery can be spread by housefly when they sit on infected materials like stool and contaminate water as well as food. Typhoid is caused by bacteria, housefly can spread it when infected sputum and clothes are infested with houseflies and contaminate food and water. So, the correct answer is option D.
'Glossina palpalis' is a vector for
-
Dengue
-
Filariasis
-
Gambian fever
-
Plague
Gambian fever or Gambian sleeping sickness is caused by a protozoan Trypanosoma gambiense and is transmitted by Glossina palpalis (tse-tse fly).
Tsetse fly is a vector for sleeping sickness, which transmits the infective stage of which of the
-
Leishmania donovani
-
Plasmodium falciparum
-
Trypanosoma gambiense
-
Wuchereria bancrofti
Trypanosoma gambiense causes sleeping sickness and is transmitted by tse-tse fly. Leishmania donovani (please note the spelling) causes kala-azar and is transmitted by Sand fly. Plasmodium falciparum causes malaria and is transmitted by the female anopheles mosquito. Wuchereria bancrofti causes elephantiasis and is transmitted by culex mosquito. So, the correct answer is option C.
Which of the following set is of vector host?
-
Sandfly, deer fly, tse-tse fly and housefly
-
Frog, lizard, snack and rabbit
-
Leishmania, sandfly, Trypanosoma and tse-tse fly
-
Sandfly, frog and housefly
Vector host is an agent that transmits the pathogens of infectious disease from one living organism to another and may be a person, animal or microorganism. While the Anopheles mosquito is the vector for malarial parasites, sandfly is a vector for leishmaniasis, tsetse fly are vectors of trypanosomes that causes trypanosomiasis or sleeping sickness. Houseflies on the other hand are vector for nearly 100 pathogens that causes, typhoid, cholera, salmonellosis, tuberculosis, anthrax etc., eer flies which belong to the genus Chrysops are vectors for pathogens that causes diseases such as anthrax, tularemia and loa loa filariasis.
Small white stone-like Charcot-Leydon crystals are found in the faeces of a person suffering from.
-
Amoebiasis
-
Malaria
-
Giardiasis
-
Chagas' fever
- Amoebiasis or amoebic dysentery is an infection caused by any of the amoebae of the Entamoeba group( For example, Entamoeba histolytica).
- Symptoms may include abdominal pain, diarrhea, or bloody diarrhea.
- In the feces of a person suffering from Amoebiasis Small white stone-like Charcot-Leydon crystals are found. They are indicative of a disease involving eosinophilic inflammation or proliferation.
- So, the correct answer is 'Amoebiasis',
Which option is correct for the disease caused by protozoans?
-
Treponema pallidum - White patches on the tongue or roof of the buccal cavity
-
Herpes simplex - Itching in the genital or and area
-
Neisseria gonorrhoeae - Pain during passing urine
-
Trichomonas vaginalis - Pain during passing urine
Trichomonas vaginalis is an anaerobic protozoan parasite. It causes trichomoniasis. It is a sexually transmitted infection. Symptoms include inflammation, itching and soreness around vaginal area, changes in vaginal discharge like profuse, yellowish to greenish, frothy discharge and pain during passing urine. While Treponema and Neisseria are bacteria Herpes simplex is a virus. Thus, the correct answer is option D.
Find odd one out, according to parasitism.
-
Lice
-
Plasmodium
-
Bedbug
-
Mite
Plasmodium is the odd one as it is a digenetic endoparasite with the man as the primary host and female Anopheles mosquito as the vector. While lice, bedbug, and mites all are blood-sucking ectoparasites. Thus the correct answer is option B.
Trypanosomiasis is spread by
-
Housefly
-
Sandfly
-
Tes-tse fly
-
Culex
Which is not a symptom of Entamoeba histolytica?
-
Relapsing fever
-
Abdominal pain
-
Blood in stool
-
Irregular bowel
Entamoeba histolytica is an anaerobic parasitic amoebozoan, predominantly infecting humans and other primates causing amoebiasis or dysentery. Symptoms can include fulminating dysentery, bloody diarrhoea, weight loss, fatigue, abdominal pain, irregular bowel. Hence, relapsing fever is not a symptom of Entamoeba histolytica. So, the correct answer is 'Relapsing fever'.
The disease caused by Trypanosoma gambiense is
-
Sleeping sickness
-
Kala-azar
-
Diphtheria
-
Dysentery
- Sleeping sickness is caused by a parasitic flagellate protozoan called Trypanosoma ambience.
- The disease is transmitted between mammals hist by Tsetse fly
- Fever, severe headaches, irritability, extreme fatigue, swollen lymph nodes, and aching muscles and joints are common symptoms of sleeping sickness.
- Hence The disease caused by Trypanosoma ambience is Sleeping sickness.
- So, the correct answer is 'Sleeping sickness'.
Entamoeba histolytica causes
-
None
-
Diarrhoea
-
Dysentery
-
Pyorrhoea
Entamoeba histolytica belongs to genus Entamoeba. It frequently exists in the human gastrointestinal tract, infecting the walls of the small intestine. It causes amoeboic dysentery in humans.
In addition to undergoing development in the blood Trypanosoma also invades
-
Lymphatic glands
-
Cerebrospinal fluid
-
Spinal fluids
-
All of the above
Trypanosomes are ingested by a Tsetse fly when it feeds on the blood of an infected animal. The trypanosome metacyclics develop further here, invade the local lymph vessels and then move into the bloodstream. The ensuing infection is characterized by successive waves of parasitaemia in the bloodstream, as parasite populations multiply rapidly and die off. The infected animal may die or eliminate the parasites and recover. T. vivax and T. brucei parasites may also invade an animal's connective tissues, and in the final stages of the disease, T. brucei may invade the central nervous system.
Microbiological pollutants, cause sickness in humans, known as
-
Pathogenic organism
-
Decomposers
-
Eutrophication
-
All of above
What are examples of consumers?
-
Green plants
-
Animals and Protozoa
-
Herbivores
-
Bacteria
Trypanosoma brucei causes
-
Dysentry
-
kala-azar
-
Sleeping sickness in man
-
A 'Nagana' disease of animals
Trypanosoma brucei is a species of salivary trypanosome, which causes sleeping sickness in humans and nagana in animals.
Phlebotomus argentipes is a vector for
-
Trypanosoma evansi
-
Trypanosoma gambiense
-
Leishmania donovani
-
Trypanosoma cruzi
Phlebotomus argentipes is a vector of visceral leishmaniasis, an important parasitic disease. The female sand-fly carries the Leishmania donovani protozoa from infected animals after feeding, thus transmitting disease. Phlebotomus is a genus of sand-flies in the Diptera family.
Thus, the correct answer is option (C), 'Leishmania donovani'.
Which one of the following conditions though harmful in itself, is also a potential saviour from a mosquito borne infectious disease?
-
Thalassaemia
-
Sickle ceIl anaemia
-
Pernicious anaemia
-
Leukemia
Sickle cell trait provides a survival advantage over people with normal hemoglobin in regions where malaria is endemic. The trait is known to cause significantly fewer deaths due to malaria, especially when Plasmodium falciparum is the causative organism. Sickle trait erythrocytes produce higher levels of the superoxide anion and hydrogen peroxide than do normal erythrocytes, both are toxic to malarial parasites. The sickle cell trait was found to be 50% protective against mild clinical malaria, 75% protective against admission to the hospital for malaria, and almost 90% protective against severe or complicated malaria.
Thus, the correct answer is option (B), 'Sickle ceIl anaemia'.
Leishmania donovani is responsible for
-
African sleeping sickness
-
American sleeping sickness
-
Kala-azar
-
Encephalitis
Kala azar is also called as black fever or dumdum fever or visceral leishmaniasis. It is the most severe form of leishmaniasis. Leishmaniasis is a disease caused by the protozoan parasites of the Leishmania genus, especially Leishmania donovani. So, the correct answer is option C.
Trypanosoma cruzi is responsible for
-
Neuroblastoma
-
Chaga's disease
-
Amoebiasis
-
Atheroscelorosis
'Chagas disease' is also called as American trypanosomiasis. It is a tropical parasitic disease, caused by the protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi. It mostly spreads by insects, knwon as Triatominae or kissing bugs.
Trypanosoma causes sleeping sickness in humans. It belongs to
-
Sporozoa
-
Rhizopoda
-
Mastigophora
-
Cillate
Trypanosoma is a genus of kinetoplastids. It is a group of unicellular parasitic flagellate protozoa. As it possesses flagella, it belongs to the class of Mastigophora.
Sleeping sickness is due to the bite of
-
Sand fly
-
Tsetse fly
-
Bed bug
-
White fly
Sleeping sickness is a vector-borne parasitic disease. It is caused by infection with protozoan parasites belonging to the genus Trypanosoma. They are transmitted to humans by tsetse fly (Glossina genus) bites, which have acquired their infection from human beings or from animals harbouring the human pathogenic parasites. So, the correct answer is option B.
Causative agent and vector responsible for African sleeping sickness
-
Trypanosoma cruzi carried by tsetse fly
-
Trypanosoma gambiense carried by Glossina palpalis
-
Wuchereria bonchrofti carried by sand fly
-
Taenia solium by eating measly pork
Human African trypanosomiasis is also known as sleeping sickness. It is a vector-borne parasitic disease. It is caused by infection with protozoan parasites belonging to the genus Trypanosoma gambiense. They are transmitted to humans by tsetse fly (Glossina Palpalis) bites, which have acquired their infection from human beings or from animals harboring the human pathogenic parasites. Hence, option B is correct.
'Glossina palpalis' is a vector for
-
Dengue
-
Filariasis
-
Gambian fever
-
Plague
Trypanosomiasis is Gambian fever. It is transmitted to man and animals by a blood sucking insect, the tsetse fly. The tsetse flies include all the species in the genus Glossina.
Glossina palpalis is a tsetse fly and is a vector for Gambian fever.
Therefore, the correct answer is option C.
Which of the following is a human parasitic protozoan found in the mouth attacking gums and teeth?
-
Entamoeba gingivalis
-
Entamoeba coli
-
Entamoeba histolytica
-
Giardia intestinalis
Entamoeba gingivalis is a parasitic protozoan found in the mouth inside the gingival pocket biofilm near the base of the teeth and in periodontal pockets mostly in people with gum disease. Thus the correct answer is option A.
Which of the following protozoa is responsible for causing the disease leucorrhoea?
-
Trichomonas vaginalis
-
Leishmania
-
Trypanosoma
-
Giardia
Leucorrhoea, commonly known as whites, refers to a whitish discharge from the female genitals caused by the presence of infection in vaginal tissues.
Infective stages of malarial parasite is found in?
-
Salivary glands of mosquito
-
Intestine of mosquito
-
Haemolymph of mosquito
-
Stomach wall of mosquito
- The parasite which causes malaria, Plasmodium requires two different hosts a vertebrate intermediate host, such as a human, and an insect definitive host, also known as the vector i.e female Anopheles mosquito.
- When the mosquito bites humans it ingests blood cells containing gametocytes. The mosquito digests the blood cells, releasing the male and female gametes, which fuse together and burrow into the mosquito’s gut wall, where they mature inside oocysts.
- After 8-15 days (depending on the species) the oocysts burst and sporozoites are released into the body cavity of the mosquito. From there, they travel to the salivary glands. when the mosquito bites these infective sporozoite enters the blood of the humans.
- Hence sporozoites are the infective stages of the malaria parasite is found in salivary glands of the mosquito.
- So, the correct answer is 'Salivary glands of mosquito'.
........... spreads malaria
-
Mosquitoes
-
Locusts
-
Mites
-
Bed-bugs
The plasmodium parasite is spread by female Anopheles mosquitoes, which are known as "night-biting" mosquitoes because they most commonly bite between dusk and dawn. If a mosquito bites a person already infected with malaria, it can also become infected and spread the parasite on to other people.
Which of the following is commonly known as fish tapeworm?
-
Taenia solium
-
Taenia saginata
-
Diphyllobothrium latum
-
Diplydium caninum
Diphyllobothrium is a genus of tapeworms which can cause diphyllobothriasis in humans through consumption of raw or undercooked fish. The principal species causing diphyllobothriasis is Diphyllobothrium latum, known as the broad or fish tapeworm, or broad fish tapeworm.
Bladderworm is the common name of ______________.
-
Taenia solium
-
Ancylostoma duodenale
-
Enterobius vermicularis
-
Trichinella spiralis
Taenia solium, is the pork tapeworm, a tapeworm belonging to the cyclophyllid cestode family .
Which of the following disease is caused by the bite of mosquitoes?
-
Dengue fever
-
Malaria
-
Cholera
-
Both A and B
Pigs get infected with Taenia by swallowing
-
Human faeces
-
Human faeces with embryophores
-
Human faeces with hexacanth
-
Human faeces with onchospheres
What is measly pork?
-
The flesh of dead pig
-
The cooked flesh of pig
-
The cooked flesh of infected pig
-
The flesh of living pig
Pigs get infected with Taenia by swallowing
-
Human faeces with eggs
-
Human faeces with embryophores
-
Human faeces with hexacanth
-
Human faeces with onchospheres
If a human gets infected with tapeworm, it's faeces contains tapeworm eggs. If such infected human faeces are consumed by pigs, then they too get infected with tapeworm infection.
In Taeniasis, humans act as ___________
-
Intermediate host
-
Definitive host
-
Secondary host
-
All of the above
Taenia solium and Taenia saginata differ in _____________.
-
Mode of infection
-
Intermediate host
-
Definitive host
-
All of the above
The definitive host for both lifecycles is humans, but the intermediate hosts are different for each species. A cow is the primary intermediate host for Taenia saginata and a pig is the primary intermediate host for Taenia solium.
In the life cycle of liver fluke, the sheeps get infected when they ingest ___________.
-
Encysted cercariae.
-
Miracidia.
-
Sporocyst.
-
Rediae.
Which of the following is the causative agent of taeniasis?
-
Pork worm
-
Flat worm
-
Round worm
-
None of the above
Taenia solium also known as tapeworm is a pathogen that causes taeniasis. It enters the human body due to consumption of uncooked pork hence also known as pork worm. Thus, the correct answer is option A.
Which of the following is an intermediate host for Taenia solium?
-
Mosquito
-
Pig
-
Snail
-
None of the above
The pigs are the intermediate host for Taenia solium they are affected by the ingestion of the eggs. The eggs enter the intestine and penetrate the epithelial and reach the muscles. In muscles, they develop an infection known as Cysticercosis. The humans are affected by eating infected pigs.
Taeniasis can be treated by
-
Penicillin
-
Itraconazole
-
Praziquantel
-
Both A and B
Taeniasis is an infection by the tapeworm, Taenia solium. It is caused by eating undercooked pork or contaminated food that contains tapeworm eggs or larvae which grow in the intestines when eaten. Praziquantel is the medication used to treat taeniasis because it is an antiworm medicine which prevents the growth and multiplication of worms inside the body. It increases the permeability of the membrane to calcium ions which induces contraction of the parasites, resulting in paralysis in the contracted state.