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Applications of floatation - class-IX

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A cube of size 10 cm is floating in equilibrium in a tank of water. When a mass of 10 gm is placed on the cube, the depth of cube inside water increases by $\mathrm { g } = 10 \mathrm { m } / \mathrm { s } ^ { 2 }$ density of water $= 1000 \mathrm { kg } / \mathrm { m } ^ { 3 } )$

  1. 0.1 m

  2. 1 mm

  3. 1 m

  4. 0.31 m


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Let $x$ be the initial depth upto which the cube is sinked in water.

Let $d$ be the density of the cube
Then
$x\times 10 \times 10\times 1 \times g$
$=10\times 10 \times 10\times 1 \times g\times d$........(1) 
$\Rightarrow x=10d$
Let $x^1$ be the new depth, then 
$x^1\times 100 \times g=1000\times d \times g+10g$........(2)
subtracting (1) and (2) we get
$\Rightarrow 100x^1=10x+10$
$x^2-x= \frac{1}{10cm}=1mm$
Hence,
option $B$ is correct answer.

A hydrogen balloon released on the moon would:

  1. climb up with an acceleration of $9.8 \ m/s^2$

  2. climb up with an acceleration of $9.8 \times 6 \ m/s^2$

  3. neither climb nor fall

  4. fall with an acceleration of $9.8/6 \ m/s^2$


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

As there is no atmosphere on the surface of the moon  so no bouyancy will act Hence it will fall with acceleration $9.8/6 m/s^2$

Statement I:- A block is immersed in a liquid inside a beaker,which is falling freely. Buoyant force acting on block is zero.
Statement II:- In case of freely falling liquid there is no pressure difference between any two points.

  1. Statement I is true,statement II is true and statement II is a correct explanation for statement I.

  2. Statement I is true,Statement II is true and statement II is NOT the correct explanation for statement I.

  3. Statement I is true,Statement II is false.

  4. Statement I is false,Statement II is true.


Correct Option: A

Ice floats on the surface of water because its density is ______ that of water.

  1. more than

  2. less than

  3. same as

  4. cant say


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

TRUE
Ice floats in water because it is less dense than water. So any substance that has a lower density in its solid state than in its liquid state will float.

A block of wood floats in water with two-third of its volume submerged. Find the density of wood. Density of water is $10^3\ kg/m^3.$

  1. 0.67

  2. 0.76

  3. 0.82

  4. 0.28


Correct Option: A

A body of density $\rho$ sinks in a liquid of denisty $\rho _L$. The densities $\rho$ and $\rho _L$ are related as:

  1. $\rho = \rho _L$

  2. $\rho < \rho _L$

  3. $\rho > \rho _L$

  4. nothing can be said


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

According to archimedes principle a body floats in a fluid if the density of the body is less than that of the fluid.
If the density of body is greater than that of fluid, it will sink.
In the above case, Since the body has  a higher density, therefore it will sink.

The hot air balloon rises because it has a gas that is

  1. denser than air

  2. less dense than air

  3. equally dense as air

  4. the given statement is wrong


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Hot air balloon has hot air inside.  Also hot air is less dense than cooler air which surrounds the hot air balloon. This means hot air is lighter than equal volume of cold air.  Hence due to buoyant force of cold air, the balloon rises.

If a piece of ice floating on the surface of water in a beaker melts completely, the level of water

  1. Rises

  2. Remains the same

  3. Falls

  4. Initially rises and then falls


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

When a piece of ice is placed in a beaker containing water, some of its portion remains out of the water level. Since the volume of ice is greater than the water hence after melting the volume of the piece will decrease and the water level will remain the same.

State whether true or false:

Ice is less dense than water (because it has more volume for the same mass), which is why ice floats on water.

  1. True

  2. False


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Answer is A.

As water is cooled down, however, the molecules have less energy and hydrogen bonding takes over. The molecules form a ordered crystal through hydrogen bonding that spaces the molecules farther apart than when they were in a liquid. This makes ice less dense than water allowing it to float.
Hence, the statement is true.

What can you say about the average density of a ship floating on water in relation to the density of water?

  1. Average density of ship is more than the density of water.

  2. Average density of ship is less than the density of water.

  3. Average density of ship is equal to the density of water.

  4. None of the above


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Average density of ship is less than the density of water.

It is important to realize that, while they are related to it, the principle of flotation and the concept that a submerged object displaces a volume of fluid equal to its own volume are not Archimedes' principle. Archimedes' principle, as stated above, equates the buoyant force to the weight of the fluid displaced.
So, according to law of flotation, a body will float in a fluid if it has less density than the fluid.
So, in order for the ship to float, its average density must be less than the water.

Give reasons as to why It is easier to swim in sea water than in river water. 

  1. The density of river water is greater

  2. The density of sea water is greater

  3. Both their densities are the same

  4. None of these


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Sea water contains dissolved salts which makes its density more than river water Hence upthrust is more in sea water than river water So it is easier to swim in sea water than in river water 

Give reasons as to why bodies like cork or wood float in water.

  1. They are denser than water

  2. They are less dense than water

  3. They have the same density as that of water

  4. None of these


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Density of cork or wood are less than that of water hence they float in water

Give reasons as to why bodies like stones and metals sink in water.

  1. They have higher density compared to water

  2. They have lesser density compared to water

  3. They have the same density as that of water

  4. None of these


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Bodies like stones ans metals sink in water as these substances have density more than that of water

A hot air balloon rises because it is filled with a gas :

  1. denser than air

  2. less dense than air

  3. as dense as air

  4. the given statement is wrong


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

More denser objects stays at the bottom.

Since, the hot air balloon rises because it is filled with a gas which is less dense than the air .So, the air has the tendency to move down and the balloon has the tendency to move in the upward direction.

What happens when an object having density less than that of water is immersed in it?

  1. It sinks

  2. It floats

  3. Unsure

  4. May sink or float


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

the buoyant force depends on the density of liquid. When the density of the object is less than that of the liquid, it floats on the liquid because the upthrust or buoyant force of water is more than the gravity acting on the object.

If the weight of the body immersed in the liquid is equal to the force of buoyancy acting on it, then the body will

  1. Float above the liquid surface

  2. Float just inside the liquid surface.

  3. Sink

  4. None


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

If the weight of the body immersed in the liquid is equal to the force of buoyancy acting on it, then the body will float just inside the liquid surface.

A piece of ice is floating in a jar containing water. When ice melts, the temperature of water falls from $4^0C$ to $1^0C$. The level of water :

  1. rises

  2. falls

  3. remains unchanged

  4. changes erratically


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Remains unchanged because there is no change in mass.

The correct option is C.

A steel wire of length 1 m and cross-sectional area $1.5 mm^2$ is hung from. rigid support, with a stone of volume 2000 cm^3 hanging from the other end. Find the decrease in the length of the wire, when the stone is completely immersed in water. (Ysteel = $210^11 Nm^-2$, $\rho$ water = $103 kgm^-3$)

  1. 0.06533 mm

  2. 0.02533 mm

  3. 0.04533 mm

  4. 0.011533 mm


Correct Option: C

A cubical block of iron of side $5cm$ is floating in mercury taken in a vessel. What is the height of the block above mercury level. $(\rho _{Hg}=13.6g/cm^3 ,\rho _{fe}=7.2 g/cm^3)$

  1. $3.65cm$

  2. $3.35cm$

  3. $2.65cm$

  4. $2.35cm$


Correct Option: C

An ice berg is floating in sea water. The density of ice is $ 0.92\, gm\,cm^{-3}$ and that of sea water is $ 1.03\,gm\,cm^{-3}$. The  percentage of ice berg below surface of water is 

  1. 3 %

  2. 11 %

  3. 89 %

  4. 92 %


Correct Option: B

A person of mass $m$ is standing on one end of a plank of mass $M$ and length $L$ and floating in water. The person moves from one end to another and stops. The displacement of the plank is :

  1. $\dfrac {Lm}{(m+M)}$

  2. $Lm(M+m)$

  3. $\dfrac {(m+M)}{Lm}$

  4. $\dfrac {LM}{(m+M)}$


Correct Option: A

A cube of 3 side L floats in a liquid of density 3 times the density of cube. What length of the cube will out side the liquid?

  1. $\dfrac{L}{3}$

  2. $\dfrac{2L}{3}$

  3. $\dfrac{2L}{5}$

  4. $\dfrac{L}{5}$


Correct Option: C

A wire of length L M made a material of specific gravity 8 is floating horizontally on the surface of water. If it is not wet by water the maximum diameter of the wire in millimetre which it can continue to floaters

  1. 1.5

  2. 1.1

  3. 0.75

  4. 0.55


Correct Option: C

If an ice cube a with impurities is floating in the water container and after few minutes ice melts and impurities  are sink down then find the level of water in that container :

  1. increased

  2. decreased

  3. same

  4. may increased or decreased


Correct Option: A

A beaker containing water weighs $100$ g. It is placed on the pan of a balance and a piece of metal  weighing 70 g and having a volume of $10c{m^3}$ is placed inside the water in beaker. The weight of the beaker and the metal would be:

  1. $170g$

  2. $160$g

  3. $100$g

  4. $30g$


Correct Option: B

equal to the weight of the immersed part of the body 2 . A raft of wood of mass 120 kg floats in water . The weight C that can be on the raft on make it just sink , should be $(d _{raft} = 600 kg/m _{3} )$

  1. 80 kg

  2. 50 kg

  3. 60 kg

  4. 30 kg


Correct Option: C

A wooden cube floating in water supports a mass $0.2 kg$ When the mass is removed the cube rises by $2 cm.$ The side of the cube is (density of water=${10^3}kg/{m^3}$)

  1. $6 cm$

  2. $12 cm$

  3. $8 cm$

  4. $10 cm$


Correct Option: B

The material of wire has specific gravity 8. It is not wetted by water, what is the diameter of the wire that will float on the surface of water?(T =70 dy /cm)

  1. 15 mm

  2. 1.5 cm

  3. 1.3

  4. None of these


Correct Option: B

A ball rise with constant velocity, to the surface of a liquid whose density is four times that of the ball. The ratio of the v force to weight of the ball is

  1. 1

  2. 2

  3. 3

  4. 4


Correct Option: C

A balloon has volume of 1000 $m^{3}$ . It is filled with hydrogen ($ \rho $ = 0.09 g/L ) . If the density of air is 1.29 g/L , it can lift a total weight of 

  1. 600 kg

  2. 1200 kg

  3. 300 kg

  4. 1800 kg


Correct Option: B
Explanation:
Given,
$V _b=1000m^3$
$\rho _h=0.09g/L$
$\rho _a=1.29g/L$
$g=10m/s^2$
Upthrust force = total downward force
$V _b \rho _a h=mg+\rho _h V _b g$
$1000\times 1.29\times 10=mg+0.09\times 1000\times 10$
$1290=mg+90$
$mg=1200kg-weight$
The correct option is B.

 An ice cube is floating on the surface of water. How will the water level be affected by melting of this ice cube?

  1. Water level will be raised

  2. Water level will go down

  3. Water level will remain the same

  4. Water level will first rise up then it will go down


Correct Option: C

A body is float inside liquid. If we increase temperature then what charges occur in buoyancy force?(Assume body is always in floating condition )

  1. Buoyancy force will condition

  2. Buoyancy force will increase

  3. Buoyancy force remains constant

  4. Cannot be calculated from given statement


Correct Option: A

A wooden cube floats just inside the water, when a mass of $x$ (in grams) is placed on it. If the mass is removed, the cube floats with a height $\dfrac{x}{100}\ cm$ above the water surface. The length of the side of cube is (density of water is $1000\ kg/m^{3}$)

  1. $10\ cm$

  2. $15\ cm$

  3. $20\ cm$

  4. $30\ cm$


Correct Option: C

If the density of a block is $981kg/{m^3}$ then it shall

  1. Sink in water

  2. float with some part emmersed in water

  3. float completely immersed in watere

  4. float completely out of water.


Correct Option: C

A cork of density $0.5\,gc{m^{ - 3}}$ floats on a calm swimming pool. The fraction of the cork's volume which is under water is:-

  1. 0 %

  2. 25 %

  3. 10 %

  4. 50 %


Correct Option: A

Consider a small balloon filled with an ideal gas which is submerged in water. Assuming that the temperature is the same everywhere in the water, the buoyant force on the balloon when it is at a depth d below the surface, in terms of its volume at the surface $V _ { 0 }$ , the atmospheric pressure $P _ { 0 }$ , the density of water $\rho _ { 0 }$ , and the acceleration due to gravity g.

  1. $F _ { B } = \frac { P _ { 0 } V _ { 0 } } { d + \frac { P _ { 0 } } { \rho g } }$

  2. $F _ { B } = \frac { P _ { 0 } V _ { 0 } } { d \rho g + P _ { 0 } }$

  3. $F _ { B } = \frac { d \rho g + P _ { 0 } } { P _ { 0 } V _ { 0 } }$

  4. $F _ { B } = \frac { P _ { 0 } V _ { 0 } } { d + \frac { \rho g } { P _ { 0 } } }$


Correct Option: C

A body is floating in water with $80$% of its volume below the surface of water. What is the density of body?

  1. $666.7kg/{ m }^{ 3 }$

  2. $777.6kg/{ m }^{ 3 }$

  3. $800kg/{ m }^{ 3 }$

  4. $876.6kg/{ m }^{ 3 }$


Correct Option: C

A body of mass $6kg$ immerses in water partially. If the body displaces $100$ g of water, then the apparent weight of the body is

  1. $59$ N

  2. $40$ N

  3. $49$ N

  4. $60$ N


Correct Option: A

A boat is floating in water at $0^{ \circ  }C$ such that 97% of the volume of the boat is submerged in water . The temperature at which the boat will just completely sink in water is $(\gamma _{ R }=3\times { 10 }^{ -4 }/{ ^{ 0 }C })(nearly)$ 

  1. ${ 100 }{ ^{ 0 }C }$

  2. ${ 103 }{ ^{ 0 }C }$

  3. ${ 60 }{ ^{ 0 }C }$

  4. ${ 50 }{ ^{ 0 }C }$


Correct Option: A

A dog weighing 5n kg is standing on a flat boat so that it is 10m from the shore . The dog walks 4 m on the boat towards the shore and then halts. The boat weighs 20kg and one can assume that there is no friction between it and the water .How far is the dog from the shore at the end of this time ?

  1. 3.2 m

  2. 0.8 m

  3. 10 m

  4. 6.8 m


Correct Option: D

A wooden cylinder floats vertically in water with half of its length immersed, Density of wood is

  1. Equal to that of water

  2. Half the density of water

  3. Double the density of water

  4. One fourth the density of water


Correct Option: C

A wooden cube floats in water partially immersed. When 200 g weight is put on the cube, it further immersed by 2 cm. The length of the side of the cube is

  1. $1.0 cm$

  2. $\sqrt{10}cm$

  3. $10 cm$

  4. $20 cm$


Correct Option: C

A ball weighing  $4 kg$  of density  $4000{ kg }\quad { m }^{ { -3 } }$  is completely immersed in water of density  $1000{ kg }\quad { m }^{ { -3 } }.$  Find the force of buoyancy on it. (Given $g = 10 { ms } ^ { - 2 }$)

  1. $100{ N }$

  2. $1{ N }$

  3. $20{ N }$

  4. $10{ N }$


Correct Option: D

A ship of mass $ 3 \times10$ initially at rest is pulled by a force of $5\times 10$ N  through a distance of  Assuming that the resistance due to water is negligible, the speed of the ship is 

  1. 1.5 m/s

  2. 68 m/s

  3. 0.1 m/s

  4. 5 m/s


Correct Option: C

A balloon has volume of $1500\, m^3$. It is filled with hydrogen $(\rho = 0.09\, gL^{-1})$. If the density of air is $1.29\, gL^{-1}$, it can lift a total weight of 

  1. $2400\, kg$

  2. $1600\, kg$

  3. $2700\, kg$

  4. $1800\, kg$


Correct Option: C

An object measuring $2\times 2\times 5{cm}^{3}$ has a mass of $16g$. It is put in water of density $1g/cc$. Percentage of its volume outside water while floating is

  1. $10$%

  2. $20$%

  3. $30$%

  4. $40$%


Correct Option: C

lce pieces are floating in a beaker  $A$  containing water and also in a beaker  $B$  containing miscible liquid of specific gravity  $1.2 .$  When ice melts, the level of

  1. Water increases in $A$

  2. Water decreases in $A$

  3. Liquid in $B$ decreases

  4. Liquid in $B$ increases


Correct Option: C

Statement I:- An ice ball is floating in water. Some stone pieces are embedded inside the ice. When ice will melt level of water will fall.
Statement I:- In floating condition,stone pieces will displace more liquid compared to the condition when they sink.

  1. Statement I is true,statement II is true and statement II is a correct explanation for statement I.

  2. Statement I is true,statement II is true and statement II is NOT the correct explanation for statement I.

  3. Statement I is true,Statement II is false.

  4. Statement I is false,Statement II is true.


Correct Option: A

A block of wood is floating in water in a closed vessel as shown in the figure. The vessel is connected to an air pump. When more air is pushed into the vessel, the block of wood floats with : (neglect compressibility of water)

  1. Larger part in the water

  2. Smaller part in the water

  3. Same part in the water

  4. At some instant it will sink


Correct Option: C

A block of wood floats is water with $ 2/5^{th} $ of its volume above the surface Calculate the density of wood.

  1. $ 0.6 g/cm^3 $

  2. $ 1.6 g/cm^3 $

  3. $ 2.5 g/cm^3 $

  4. $ 3.6 g / cm^3 $


Correct Option: C

A block of wood floats in a liquid with four-fifths of its volume submerged. If the relative density of wood is $0.8$, what is the density of the liquid in units of $kg\, m^{-3}$?

  1. $750$

  2. $1000$

  3. $1250$

  4. $1500$


Correct Option: C

We have two different liquids A and B whose relative densities are 0.75 and 1.0, respectively. If we dip solid objects P and Q having relative densities 0.6 and 0.9 in these liquids, then:

  1. P floats in A and Q sinks in B

  2. P sinks in A and Q floats in B

  3. P floats in B and Q sinks in A

  4. P sinks in B and Q floats in A


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

If solid object has higher density than liquid then it will sink in that liquid otherwise it will float.
R.D. of liquid A = 0.75
R.D. of liquid B = 1.0
R.D. of object P = 0.6
R.D. of object Q = 0.9

  • P has R.D. less then both the liquids. so it will float in both the liquids.
  • Q has R.D. more than liquid A, so it will sink in A.
  • Q has R.D. less than liquid B, so it will float in B.

A metallic wire of length, "l" is lying horizontally on the surface of liquid of density $ '\rho' $ The maximum radius of wire so that it may not sink will be

  1. $ \sqrt { \frac { 2T }{ \pi \rho g } } $

  2. $ \sqrt { \frac { T }{ \pi \rho g } } $

  3. $ \sqrt { \frac { 2T }{ \rho g } } $

  4. $ \sqrt { \frac { T }{ \rho g } } $


Correct Option: B

A cube of wood supporting a $200$ gm mass just floats in water. When the mass is removed the cube rises $2$ cm at equilibrium. Find size of the cube.

  1. 10cm

  2. 12cm

  3. 15cm

  4. 4cm


Correct Option: A

A cubical box of wood of side $30\, cm$ weighing $21.6\, kg$ floats on water with two faces horizontal. The depth of immersion of box is :

  1. $30\, cm$

  2. $12\, cm$

  3. $6\, cm$

  4. $24\, cm$


Correct Option: C

A wire of length $L$ metrs, made of a material of specific gravity $8$ is floating horizontally on the surface of water. If it is not wet by water, the maximum diameter of the wire (in mm) up to which it can continue to float is (surface tension of water is) ($T=70\times 10^{-3} \ N/m$)

  1. $1.5$

  2. $1.1$

  3. $0.75$

  4. $0.55$


Correct Option: A

A hollow cylinder of copper of length $25\, cm$ and area of cross-section $15\, cm^2$, floats in water with $3/5$ of its length inside water. Then 

  1. Apparent density of hollow copper cylinder is $0.6\, gcm^{-3}$

  2. Weight of the cylinder is $225\, gf$

  3. Extra force required to completely submerge it in water is $150\, gf$

  4. Extra force required to completely submerge it in water is $225\, gf$


Correct Option: B

Two solids $A$ and $B$ float in water. It is observed that $A$ floats with half its volume immersed and $B$ floats with $\dfrac{2}{3}$ of its volume immersed. Compare the densities of A and B.

  1. $4:3$

  2. $2:3$

  3. $3:4$

  4. $1:3$


Correct Option: C

The weight of the liquid displacement by a body when the body is immersed in it is called 

  1. Apparent weight

  2. Upthrust

  3. Lateral pressure

  4. Relative density of body


Correct Option: A

A wooden cube of size $ 1 m\times 1 m\times 1 m$ of relative density 0.5 floats in water with its four faces vertical. The work done by in just submerging the tube by pushing it downward is

  1. 1250 J

  2. 2550 J

  3. 850 J

  4. 1570 J


Correct Option: C

Ice ______ in water, because the weight of water displaced by the immersed part of the ice is _____ its own weight 

  1. sinks, more than

  2. sinks, less than

  3. floats , equal to

  4. floats , less than


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

According to Archimedes principle, A body immersed in water experiences an upward force equal to the mass of the fluid displaced by the body. If the weight of an object is greater than the weight of displaced fluid, it will float. If the two are equal, it is suspended, neither floating nor sinking. For example, when an object is placed in water, it will displace its own volume of water, and that water will push back against it proportionally, producing an upthrust.
Water has a weight density of $62$ pounds per cubic foot. It an object weighing $62$ pounds has a volume that displaces $2$ cubic feet of water, it will float. The displaced water will weigh $124$ pounds and the pressure of that water would be enough to keep the object floating.
Hence, Ice floats in water, because the weight of water is displaced by the immersed part of the ice is more than its own weight and the statement is true.

An ice-berg floating partly immersed in sea water of density $1.03 g/cm^3$. The density of ice is $0.92 g/cm^3$. The fraction of the total volume of the iceberg above the level of sea water is

  1. $8.1\%$

  2. $11\%$

  3. $34\%$

  4. $0.8\%$


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Let $v$ be the volume of the ice-berg outside the sea water and $V$ be the total volume of ice-berg. Then as per question
$0.92V = 1.03(V-v)$

or, $\dfrac vV = 1-\dfrac {0.92}{1.03}= \dfrac{11}{103} $
$\therefore  \dfrac vV \times 100 = 11 \times \dfrac {100}{103} \cong  11\%$

A wooden cylinder floats in water such that $4 cm$ of it is above water, if the same cylinder is made to float in alcohol (density $0.8gm^{-3}$), the length of cylinder above alcohol will be 

  1. $4cm$

  2. more than $ 4cm$

  3. less than $4cm$

  4. none of these


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

C. less than 4cm  
Because more volume of alcohol needs to be displaced to displace the equal weight of water. since density of alcohol is lesser.

A wooden cube of side $10 \ cm$ has mass $700 \ g$. The part of it remains above the water surface while floating vertically on water surface is $X\ cm$. Find $X$.

  1. $3$

  2. $7$

  3. $0$

  4. Can not be detemined


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

We know that the volume of part submerged in a liquid is given by, $V= \dfrac{Density\ of\ body}{Density\ of\ liquid}$
Density of cube $= \dfrac{Mass}{Volume}$$ =\dfrac{700 g }{ 10^{3}} = 0.7g/cm^{3}$
So, density of water $= 1 g/cm^{3}$
So, part of cube submerged in water $= \dfrac{Density\ of\ body}{Density\ of\ water} = 0.7/1 = 7/10$
$\therefore$ Part of cube above water $= 1 - 7/10 = 3/10$
i.e. $3cm$ of cube is above water.

A block of wood is so loaded that it just floats in water at room temperature. What change will occur in the state of floatation, if water is heated? 

  1. Floats with some part above water

  2. Just floats

  3. Sinks

  4. Floats completely above water


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Sinks.
On heating, the density of water decreases. So, upthrust on block decreases and weight of block exceeds upthrust due to which it sinks.

A block of wood is so loaded that it just floats in water at room temperature. What change will occur in the state of floatation, if some salt is added to water?

  1. Floats with some part outside water

  2. Just floats

  3. Sinks in the water

  4. Floats completely above water


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Floats with some part outside water. 
On adding some salt to water, the density of water increases, so upthrust on block of wood increases and hence the block rises up till the weight of salty water displaced by the submerged part of block becomes equal to the weight of block.

Iron floats on the surface of mercury because its density is _____ the mercury

  1. more than

  2. less than

  3. same as

  4. cant say


Correct Option: B
Explanation:
The substance having low density floats on substance with high density. 
Hence iron would float on mercury as it have lower density than mercury.
therefore, option (b) is correct.

Object having density less than that of the liquid in which they are immersed, _______on the surface of the liquid.

  1. Float

  2. Sink

  3. First sink and then float

  4. First float and then sink


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Float
We know according to Archimedes Principle, Object having density less than that of the liquid in which they are immersed, float on the surface of the liquid.
And Object having density greater than that of the liquid in which they are immersed, sink in the liquid.

A tin can has a volume of $1000cm^3$ and a mass of $100g$. What mass of lead shot can it carry without sinking in water $(\rho=1000kg/m^3)$?

  1. $900g$

  2. $100g$

  3. $1000g$

  4. $1100g$


Correct Option: A
Explanation:
Volume of the floating tin = Volume of water displaced = $1000{ cm }^{ 3 }$.
weight of water displaced $= 1000\times 1 = 1000g = 10 N  =$ Upthrust.  Upthrust = max load + weight of tin 
That is, max load = upthrust - weight of tin.
It is given that the weight of tin is $100 g.$
Therefore, load $= 10 N - 1 N = 9 N$
Mass $M =$ Weight w/acceleration due to gravity $g$. Let us take $g=10m/{ s }^{ 2 }$.
So, $M=W/g = 9 N/10 = 0.9 kg = 900 g$.
Hence, the mass of lead shot the tin can carry without sinking in water is $900 g$.

A block of ice of total area A and thickness 0.5 m is floating in water. In order to just support a man of mass 100 kg, the area A should be (the specific gravity ofice is 0.9):

  1. $2.2m^{2}$

  2. $1.0m^{2}$

  3. $0.5m^{2}$

  4. None of these


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Let say $m _1=$ mass of the man = 100kg
and $m _2=$ mass of the ice $= 0.9 \times 1000V=900V$, where $V$ is the volume of the ice block.
For equilibrium,
Total downward weight = total upthrust
$100g +900 Vg=1000Vg \\Rightarrow V=1m^3$
Volume = Area $\times $ height
$\Rightarrow A=\frac{Volume}{Height}=\frac{1}{0.5}=2m^2$

The density of ice is $920kg/m^3$, and that of sea water is $1030kg/m^3$. What fraction of the total volume of an iceberg is outside the water?

  1. $0.107$

  2. $0.207$

  3. $0.307$

  4. $0.407$


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Let $V _L$ and $V _S$ be the volume of water displaced and volume of the ice respectively; $\rho _L$ and $\rho _S$ be the density of water and density of ice respectively. Since ice is floating on water, $F _B=W$
or $\rho _LV _Lg=\rho _SV _Sg$ or $\rho _LV _L=\rho _SV _S$
or $\frac{V _L}{V _S}=\frac{\rho _S}{\rho _L}$
This is the fraction of volume of the iceberg that is inside the water. Therefore, the fraction of volume of the iceberg that is outside the water is given by, 1 - 0.893 = 0.107
Hence, the fraction of the total volume of an iceberg is outside the water is 0.107.

An egg sinks when immersed in water contained in a vessel. On dissolving a lot of salt in the water,will the egg

  1. Develop cracks in the shell

  2. Break

  3. Rise and then float

  4. Remain where it is


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Answer is C.

An egg will sink in fresh water but it will float in very salty water; the density of the egg is greater than the density of fresh water but less than the density of the salty water.
The density of salty water can be a much as $10\%$ greater than that of fresh water i.e. up to $1.1 g/cm^{ 3 }$.
Hence, on dissolving a lot of salt in the water, the egg will rise and then float.

A body floats in water because of:

  1. No force is acting on it

  2. The buoyant force acting on it

  3. Gravitational pull

  4. Friction between body and the water


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

When an object is floating, the net force on it will be zero. This happens when the volume of the object submerged displaces an amount of liquid whose weight is equal to the weight of the object.

Answer (B) the net force acting on this body is zero

Two solids A and B float in water. It is observed that A floats with half its volume immersed and B floats with $2/3$ of its volume immersed. Compare the densities of A and B:

  1. $4:3$

  2. $2:3$

  3. $3:4$

  4. $1:1$


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Given that $m _1=V _1/2 \times d \implies d _1=d/2$
and $m _2=2V _2/3 \times d \implies d _2=2d/3$
$\therefore d _1:d _2=3:4$

A piece of ice is floating in a concentrated solution of common salt (in water) in a pot. When ice melts completely, the level of solution will 

  1. Go up

  2. Remain the same

  3. Go down

  4. First go up then go down


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

$\rho _{salt water0}>\rho _{ice}$

When ice floats, volume of ice in the salt water is given by
$V _{imm}\rho _{salt water}g=V _{ice}\rho _{ice}g$
$\implies V _{imm}=V _{ice}\dfrac{\rho _{water}}{\rho _{salt water}}<V _{ice}$

Hence when ice melts, whole of the volume would add to water and level of solution would rise.

An ice cube is floating in a glass of water. What happens to the water level when the ice melts?

  1. Rises

  2. Falls

  3. Remains the same

  4. First rises and then falls


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

according to the Archimedes principle , the floating substance displaces some liquid, so when the ice melts ,there will be no change in the water level as the melted ice will occupy the same volume as it was occupying earlier.

A ball rises to the surface of a liquid with constant velocity. The density of the liquid is four times the density of the material of the ball. The frictional force of the liquid on the rising ball is greater than the weight of the ball by a factor of

  1. $2$

  2. $3$

  3. $4$

  4. $6$


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Let $F _f = $ Force of friction  

$F _b = $ Force of bouyancy
$F _w = $ Weight of ball

Archimedes' principle:

$F _b = F _w + F _f$

Given: $F _b = (4P _B)gV$

$F _w = VP _Bg$

$F _f = F _b - F _w = 3P _B gV$

$\Rightarrow \dfrac{F _f}{F _w} = \cfrac{3P _B gV}{P _BgV} = 3 : 1 $

$\Rightarrow F _f = 3F _w$

An ice cube contains a glass ball. The cube is floating on the surface of water contained in a trough on the surface of water contained in a trough. What will happen to the water level, when the cube melts?

  1. It will remain unchanged

  2. It will fall

  3. It will rise

  4. First it will fall and then rise


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

When the cube melts, the water level will remain the same.An floating object displaces an amount of water equal to its own weight. Since, water expands when it freezes, one ounce of frozen water has a larger volume than one ounce of liquid water.

A cylindrical block floats vertically in a liquid of density ${\rho} _1$ kept in a container such that the fraction of volume of the cylinder inside the liquid is $x _1$. then some amount of another immiscible liquid of density ${\rho} _2 ({\rho} _2 < {\rho} _1)$ is added to the liquid in the container so that the cylinder now floats just fully immersed in the liquids with $x _2$ fraction of volume of the cylinder inside the liquid of density ${\rho} _1$. The ratio ${\rho} _1 / {\rho} _2$ will be

  1. $\dfrac{1 - x _2}{x _1 - x _2}$

  2. $\dfrac{1 - x _1}{x _1 + x _2}$

  3. $\dfrac{x _1 - x _2}{x _1 + x _2}$

  4. $\dfrac{x _2}{x _1}-1$


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Let $V$ and $\rho$ be the volume and density of the cylindrical block.

Case 1 : When $x _1$ fraction of block's volume is immersed in liquid of density $\rho _1$
Using Archimede's principle :    Weight of cylindrical block = Weight of liquid displaced
$\therefore$  $\rho V g = \rho _1 x _1 V g$             ........(1)

Case 2 : When $x _2$ fraction of block's volume is immersed in liquid of density $\rho _1$ and $1-x _2$ fraction of block's volume is immersed in liquid of density $\rho _2$
Using Archimede's principle :    Weight of cylindrical block = Weight of liquid displaced
$\therefore$  $\rho V g = \rho _1 x _2 V g + \rho _2 (1-x _2) V g$             ........(2)

Equating (1)  and (2) we get    $\rho _1 x _1V g = \rho _1 x _2 V g + \rho _2 (1-x _2) V g$
OR    $\rho _1 x _1 = \rho _1 x _2 + \rho _2 (1-x _2)$
OR   $\rho _1 (x _1 - x _2) = (1-x _2)\rho _2$
$\implies$  $\dfrac{\rho _1}{\rho _2} = \dfrac{1-x _2}{x _1-x _2}$

A solid floats in a liquid in the partially submerged position:

  1. the solid exerts a force equal to its weight on the liquid

  2. the liquid exerts a force of buoyancy on the solid which is equal to the weight of the solid

  3. the weight of the displaced liquid equals the weight of the solid

  4. all of the above


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Given that solid floats in a liquid, in the partially submerged position.

The weight of the displaced liquid will be equal to the weight of the solid, and the solid exerts a force equal to the weight of the liquid.
The weight of solid is equal to the buoyancy force exerted by the liquid on the solid.
Therefore option $D$ is correct.

In a beaker containing liquid, an ice cube is floating. When ice melts completely, the level of liquid rises. Then the density of the liquid is:

  1. more than the density of ice

  2. less than the density of ice

  3. same as the density of ice

  4. none of the above


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Given, That the ice cube is floating in the liquid.

Let the height of ice cube be $h,$
Given, If ice cube completely melts, the level of liquid raises. So initially the length of ice cube submerged in liquid be $l <h,$
Let the density of liquid be $d _{l}$ and density of ice cube be $d _{i}$
In equilibrium , $Mg=M _{l}g$
$\Rightarrow d _{i}Ahg=d _{l}Alg$
$\Rightarrow \frac{d _{l}}{d _{i}}=\frac{h}{l}>1$
$\Rightarrow d _{l} > d _{i}$
Therefore the density of liquid is more than the density of ice.
So option $A$ is correct.

An ice cube contains a large air bubble. The cube is floating on the surface of water contained on a trough. What will happen to the water level, when the cube melts?

  1. $It\ will\ remain\ unchanged$

  2. $It\ will\ fall$

  3. $It\ will\ rise$

  4. $First\ it\ will\ and\ then\ rise$


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Since density of a hollow ice cube is less than water. Hence it will float and when ice melts, then level of water decreases due to loss in volume.

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