In Jaipur session of 1948, congress appointed three member committee namely Jawaharlal Nehru, Vallahbhai Patel and Pattabhi Sitaramayya (JVP) which rejected the linguistic factor for reorganization of states. Potti Sriramula undertook hunger strike in support of formation of separate Telgu speaking state from Madras state and lost his life. His death sparked public unrest and PM Jawaharlal Nehru declared to form Andhra state on linguistic basis. Hence, option C is correct answer. 

As per the constitution of India, there is as such no national language. For the official purposes of the union government, parliament, Hindi and English languages are used. There are 22 official languages in India. States of India are free to adopt local languages for official purposes of the state.   

Official languages of India are listed in the Eighth Schedule to the Constitution of India. As per Article 344(1) and 351 of the Indian Constitution, Eighth Schedule recognizes 22 languages. States and Union Territory can adopt an official language which is used locally for carrying out administrative duties. Option B - 22 is the correct count of official languages.     

Part XVII of the constitution deals with the official language in Articles 343 to 351. In this part, it is written that Hindi written in Devanagari script is to be the official language of India, but the form of numbers to be used for official purposes has to be in the international form of Indian numerals and not the Devanagari form of numerals.

The Sinhala Only Bill, formally known as The Official Language Act 1956 passed by the government of Ceylon (Sri Lanka) made Sinhalese the official language of the country. Sirimavo Bandaranaike then PM of Sri Lanka realized her campaign promise by passing the Bill, an agenda which won her 1956 general elections. This decision was violently opposed by Tamil speaking minority and the passage of bill followed rioting.   

People of Meghalaya, which is one of the north-eastern states of India, do not speak Hindi widely. The languages like Garo, Pnar, Khasi, and English are spoken widely in this state. English is the official language of Meghalaya. 

'Nowruz' is celebrated as a New-year by the followers of Zoroastrianism. Nowruz has been celebrated for at least 3,000 years and is deeply rooted in the rituals and traditions of the Zoroastrian religion. Festival of Nowruz is celebrated in Iran, Iraq, India, Afghanistan, Tajikestan, Uzbekistan, Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, and Kyrgyzstan.

The first state formed on the linguistic basis is Andhra Pradesh. The state of Andhra Pradesh was formed on October 1, 1953. It was bifurcated from Tamil Nadu.

Language is a medium of communication. There are a huge number of languages spoken over the world. In India there are 22 official or recognised languages. The list of official languages include Assamese, Bengali, Bodo, Dogri, Gujarati, Hindi, Kannada, Kashmiri, Konkani, Maithili, Malayalam, Manipuri, Marathi, Nepali Odia, Punjabi, Sanskrit, Santali, Sindhi, Tamil, Telugu, Urdu. National language of India is Hindi.

Music and dance are the ancient art forms of India which are still persistent in the present day India. Music and dance help in bringing different people together. Examples of some Indian dance forms are Kuchipudi, Bharatanatyam, Lavani etc. and music forms include Carnatic and Hindustani.

Andhra Pradesh emerged as a first linguistic state on Nov. 1, 1956. In Oct. 1953, the government of India was forced to create the first linguist state known as Andhra Pradesh by separating the Telugu speaking areas from Madras state. In Dec. 1953 Government of India appoint a three-member States Reorganisation Commission which submitted its report in 1955 and later in 1956 Andhra was separated officially and became a new state.

Language is a medium of communication. Language provides a way to express one's feelings. There are a huge number of languages spoken over the world. In India there are 22 official or recognized languages. National language of India is Hindi.

Dadra and Nagar Haveli is the union territory located in western India. It is composed of two separate geographical entities - Dadra which is surrounded by Gujarat and Nagar Haveli wedged between Maharashtra and Gujarat. Hence the languages spoken here includes Gujarati and Marathi.

The word ‘sari’ means strip of cloth. Sari is a female garment from Indian sub-continent. Indian female often wear saree. It gives the ethnic effect to the Indian culture. 

Jaimini Roy made his name in the field of painting. For his artistic skill, he was honoured with Padmabushan award in the year 1955. He is from west Bengal of India.

'Paryushana Parva' is associated with Jainism. It is also called as Daslakshana which is usually celebrated in August or September. Paryusana means "abiding and coming together". It is a time when the Jains take on vows of study and fasting.

As per Indian calendar Diwali is celebrated in the month of Kartika. It is a Hindu festival which is also known as festival of lights. The Hindu literature narrates that the asura (demon) Narakasura was killed on this day by Krishna, Satyabhama and Kali.

Many Muslims in India observe Milad-un-Nabi, which commemorates the Prophet Muhammad's (or Mohammad's) birthday. Milad-un-Nabi is a gazetted holiday in India and is also known as Nabi Day, Mawlid, Mohammad's Birthday or the Prophet's birthday.

Hornbill festival is celebrated in the first week of December every year in the state of Nagaland. To encourage inter-tribal interaction and to promote the cultural heritage of Nagaland, the Government of Nagaland organizes the Hornbill Festival. The festival is named after the Indian hornbill, the large and colorful forest bird.

Festival of Onam is celebrated in the south Indian state of Kerala. It is a festival which is celebrated on the belief that it is the day of Asura King Mahabali's annual visit from Patala (the underworld). 

The Desert Festival, an annual event in Rajasthan, that displays local folk arts and culture, aerobatics, camel races, is held at Jaisalmer of Rajasthan. It is mostly celebrated in the month of February. Cultural events like camel races, turban tying competitions etc. are seen in this festival.

Madhubani, a style of folk paintings, is popular in the state of Bihar. Madhubani is named after one of the districts of Bihar. Painting is done with fingers, twigs, brushes, nib-pens, and matchsticks, using natural dyes and pigments, and is characterized by eye-catching geometrical patterns. 

Delhi is the place with maximum number of monuments present in India. Some of them include Lal Bangla, The Moti Gate, Lal Gumbad, Ashoka'a pillar, Delhi Gate, Lal Darwaza, taj mahal etc. The main reason for its greatest architecture is Mughals who enormously worked on building up of art and architecture.

Kathak is one of the 10 major classical dance forms of India. It is a classical dance from Northern India. One who performs Kathak are known as Kathakas. They communicated stories from the great epics and ancient mythology through dance. 

Natya Shastra is a Sanskrit text on dance art and music. It is attributed to Bharat Muni. The text consists of 36 chapters with a cumulative total of 6000 poetic verses describing performance arts. 

Rice is the staple food of India. It is a rich source of carbohydrates mainly starch. It is the most widely consumed staple food for a large part of the world's human population, especially in Asia. 

“Indian unity is not something imposed from the outside but rather, It was something deeper and within its fold”, these words were written by Jawaharlal Nehru in his great book entitles ‘The Discovery of India’.

The word diversity means the state of being different. This word is many times used to describe the culture of India in a phrase ‘Unity in Diversity’. The phrase ‘unity in diversity’ is coined by Jawaharlal Nehru. This term is very appropriate to describe India, which is, in spite of being diverse with many languages, religions, castes, creed, etc. There is a feeling of oneness among people.

Ellora cave temples are the place where we find temples of three faiths. The three faiths are Buddhism, Hinduism, and Jainism. These are situated near Aurangabad of Maharashtra. 

Language is a medium of communication. There are a huge number of languages spoken over the world. In India there are 22 official or recognised languages. The classical language which contributed to the cultural unity of India is Hindi. It is also our national language.

Sanchi stupa was tagged as world heritage site by UNESCO in 1989. Sanchi stupa was built during Emperor Ashoka’s reign. It is one of the greatest Buddhist monuments. This stupa is located in Sanchi town of Madhya Pradesh.

All the given options are tagged as world heritage sites by UNESCO. Fatehpur Sikri of Uttar Pradesh was founded by Akbar. Tajmahal located in Agra was built by Shajahan in memory of his beloved wife Noor Jahan and Kaziranga national park protects one horned rhino and is located in the state of Assam.

Bihu is a celebration in Assam,  that is related to the crop cycle. There are three Bihu celebrations depending on the crop cycle timing- Rongali, Magh and Kati bihu.

The number of recognised languages in India is 22. Eight schedule deals with officials language and recognised languages for country.

Natraj, in the Hindu religion, depicts a form of the dancing Lord Shiva and symbolizes Shakti, or life force. It has international significance from the point of view of arts. Carl Sagan drew the metaphor between the cosmic dance of the Nataraj and the modern study of the 'cosmic dance' of subatomic particles.
CERN, the European Organization for Nuclear Research, is one of the world's largest and most respected centers for scientific research. It has a statue of Natraj in its compound. The plaque alongside the statue explains the belief is that Lord Shiva danced the Universe into existence, motivates it, and will eventually extinguish it.

The Vedas are the earliest surviving literature of Indian subcontinent. There are four Vedas: the Rig Veda, the Sama Veda, the Yajur Veda and the Atharva Veda. Of these the Rig Veda is the oldest and was composed about 3500 years ago. All the other Vedas are based upon it and consist to a large degree of various hymns from it. It consists of a thousand such hymns of different seers, each hymn averaging around ten verses. The Rig Veda is also the oldest book in Sanskrit or any Indo-European language.

Agni, the God of Fire, is one of the most prominent of the deities of the Vedas. Fire is central to all Vedic rituals. All the offerings in the Vedic sacrifices are invariably offered to Agni and through him to other gods. Agni is thus the primary recipient of all Vedic sacrifices.

Non-Material Culture refers to abstract or non-physical ideas like belief, thoughts, values, rules, norms, morals, language etc. whereas material culture refers to the physical objects, resources, and spaces that people use to define their culture, like temples, mosques, schools etc.

Bronislaw Malinowski focussed on studying social behaviour and social relations. According to him, Culture is an instrument which enables man to secure his survival. According to him, all the aspects of culture are interconnected and there is nothing loose in the culture.

Culture is the belief, custom, rules, art, norms, knowledge developed by member of all social groups. It includes values as well as materialistic objects. It can be said to be the behaviour of people, their way of life. India is a diverse nation but it has large cultural heritage that common ancestors shared. Our cultural heritage binds us, make us proud of what we are and what we have despite all differences. It is derived from Latin term 'Colere' which means 'till the ground.'

Edward Tylor was the first sociologist who specified that Culture is learned or acquired by human rather than being a biological trait. This is a revolutionary definition.

The total of 22 languages are listed in the Eighth Schedule of our Constitution. These are Assamese, Bengali, Bodo, Dogri, Gujarati, Hindi, Kannada, Kashmiri, Konkani, Maithili, Malayalam, Manipuri, Marathi, Nepali, Oriya, Punjabi, Sanskrit, etc.

Culture is experienced in society. It is the social bond of people together in a society through which culture gets reflected. Both are dependant on each other existence. Culture cannot exist in a vacuum and hence society is the platform for representation of culture.

Culture is not an individual phenomenon rather is the product of society. Man interact with one another which make social bonds and for the survival of each other, we learn to co-exist with each other so as to facilitate the peaceful living. Every person gets a chance to share his thought, ideas, inspire others or get inspired and learn from each other which makes society more stable and long-lasting civilization.

Fairs and festivals are the cultural heritage that binds people together. People gather and enjoy to celebrate a cause, belief or norm. Rural societies are much more ritualistic that busy urban communities. People come together that strengthen social coherence between and among them which provide a natural habitat for culture to flourish and expand.

Culture in not merely the beliefs, rituals or traditions that are passed from generation to generation. It indeed is a treasure of knowledge that is learned and transmitted. People inculcate these values in them which fulfill their social as well as individual purpose.

Traditions, values, language, scriptures, norms, ethics are the part of culture instead these are what essentially constitute cultural heritage. Culture of one community or social group is represented by them, these are learned or acquired traits.

Social controls are certain standards whereby society brings its members into conformity with accepted behaviour. Social control brings about organisation and regulates the pattern of individual behaviour to maintain social order.

Culture as it is a continuous process. It passes from generation to generation. Future generation makes its own culture by learning the knowledge in the form of representation from past and present times. They evaluate what is being presented to them and adapt accordingly as per their needs.

Culture is not uniform it is ever changing and varies from society to society. It occurs differently in various societies. Each and every culture is unique in its own way and one cannot count on the uniformity of culture of different social groups.

Culture indicates progress in lifestyle, music, literature, art, science, and technology of any given human society. Culture makes human society unique and meaningful. The word ‘Culture’ is used in a specific sense in Sociology and Anthropology.

Culture is experienced within the society. It is the social bond of people together in a society through which culture gets reflected. Both are dependant on each other existence. Culture cannot exist in vacuum and hence society is the platform for representation of culture.

The word culture is derived from the Latin word ‘Colere’.  ‘Colere’ means cultivate or tend in Latin. During medieval period culture was in the form of Agriculture to indicate the improved yield of sown seeds. By the 18th and 19th century, it came to indicate the human behavioural pattern.

Culture means the transfer of knowledge, experience, belief, value, behaviour, hierarchy, a relationship from generation to generation. Hence, culture is called a system of life and knowledge shared among a social group.

Since the beginning of the human civilisation, human has adhered to certain principles, traditions and ethics which allowed him to interact with others, create own community and survive peacefully. In earlier Stages, they represented their culture by expressive means and transmit it to their offsprings which carried the legacy. Human civilisation has never been devoid of culture, their belief, way of life, ethics and norms constitute culture even when social interaction was least among human.

The groups of people who participate in these fairs belong to the different language, custom and culture groups. They all differ in their physical appearances too. But they assemble in these fairs to celebrate. They also appear to be showcasing our constitutions’ desire of achieving unity in diversity.

A fair is not only a religious expression; it also functions as a temporary market for the neighbouring villages. It is a place where agricultural produce is sold or bought. This market is utilized to sell or buy domestic animals also. They are also the widow for entertainment soon after harvest season. People participate in the fairs irrespective of their caste, creed, and language. Fairs reinforce social relationships. Often fairs have people with different language and culture displaying their skills in the form of circus. Similarly, various artisans display their skills here. These displays are also culture expressions.

Culture gives human being a necessary requirement in order to ensure survival. They learn and adopt the knowledge, carry them accordingly so as to create a better future. Culture embeds values and norms in human beings which ensure the coexistence of human beings.

Fairs are the most important cultural rituals of rural societies of India. They are not only religious expression but also for entertainment purposes. People sell their agricultural produce and other utility products.many people from different areas gather to see programs, buy different things and interact with other people.

Culture explains behavioural models. Culture provides aims and means to achieve them to human society. It supports those behaviours that are complementary to societal aims. Similarly, it punishes those behaviours that are against the societal aims. The correction done the teachers and elders whenever undesirable behaviour happens in children is an example of this process.

Belgium has its border with France, Netherlands , Germany and Luxembourg. Of the country's population , 59 % lives in Flemish region and speaks Dutch, 40% people live in the Wallonia region and speaks French. Remaining 1% of Belgium speak German.

On October 1, 1953 Indian government was forced to create first linguistic state, known as Andhra state by separating the Telugu speaking areas from the Madras state. In December 1953 State Reorganisation Commission was appointed which submitted its report in September 1955. Officially on November 1, 1956 Andhra Pradesh came into existence

The Eighth Schedule to the Indian Constitution contains a list of 22 scheduled languages. They are Assamese, Bengali, Bodo, Dogri, Gujarati, Hindi, Kannada, Kashmiri, Konkani, Maithili, Malayalam, Manipuri, Marathi, Nepali, Oriya, Punjabi, Sanskrit, Santali, Sindhi, Tamil, Telugu, and Urdu. The Constitutional provisions relating to the 8th Schedule are in articles 344(1) and 351 of the Indian Constitution.  The Government of India is under an obligation to take measures for the development of these languages.