Concept of nutrition - class-XI
Description: concept of nutrition | |
Number of Questions: 69 | |
Created by: Preeti Dasgupta | |
Tags: through the alimentary canal digestive system useful and harmful microbes nutrition in plants nutrition in living organisms biology major activities of living organisms mineral nutrition know the plant world closely botany nutrition - food supplying system different types of nutrition in plants |
Which of the following groups contains uricotelic animals only ?
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Reptiles, birds, land snails, insects
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Reptiles, birds, land snails, aquatic insects
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Amphibians, birds, land snails, insects
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Amphibians, reptiles, birds, insects
Reptiles, birds land snails and insects excrete nitrogenous wastes as uric acid in the form of white paste and thus they are called uricotelic animals.
Amarbel is an example of
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Autotroph
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Parasite
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Saprotroph
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Host
Amarbel is an example of the parasite. Cuscuta reflexa is the botanical name for the amarbel. It is also known as giant dodder. It grows in a creative manner over host plants and this species has the capability of producing numerous branches within a short period of time. Since it is a parasitic plant, so it depends on host plants for food. Over haustoria, amarbel provide communication with its host plants. Amarbel is widely used in the treatment for a headache, labour pain, bone fracture, fever and rheumatism.
Organisms which obtain their food from non-living material environment are called
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Autotrophs
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Epiphytes
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Parasites
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Saprophytes
Balanophora$/$ Orobanche is a
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Total root parasite
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Partial root parasite
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Partial stem parasite
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Total stem parasite
Balanophora is a total root parasite because it sucks nutrients and water from the roots of host plants like cabbage etc for its survival. In turn, it causes harm to the host.
The smallest angiospermic$/$ dicot parasite is?
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Arceuthobium
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Wolffia
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Cassytha
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Rafflesia
A. Arceuthobium also called dwarf mistletoe, is a parasitic plant growing on pine etc. Its length is about 5mm-8mm. It is the smallest parasitic angiosperm known till date.
A partial parasite is the one which
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Absorbs water and mineral salts from host
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Absorbs only water from host
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Takes food from host only occasionally
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Lives on the host for space only
A plant which depends on its host for only water and nutrients, but not sugars is a partial parasite. They do not depend on the host for food as they are usually chlorophyllous, so they are able to photosynthesize.
A rootless aquatic in which a portion of leaf is modified to form a bladder for catching small aquatic animals is?
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Dionaea
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Drosera
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Utricularia
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Nepenthes
Utricularia is also called as bladderwort because a part of the leaf is modified into a bladder like structure for catching small animals. It is a total root parasite because it is rootless and cannot prepare its own food.
Santalum album$/$ Sandal-wood Tree is?
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Partial root parasite
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Partial stem parasite
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Total stem parasite
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Total root parasite
Botanical name of Venus Fly Trap is?
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Aldrovanda
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Dionaea
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Utricularia
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Nepenthes
A. Aldrovanda is the botanical name of the water wheel plant.
Biggest flower belongs to a plant which is?
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Partial stem parasite
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Partial root parasite
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Total stem parasite
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Total root parasite
The biggest flower belongs to a plant called rafflesia arnoldii, which is a total root parasite because it cannot prepare its own food, thus takes food along with water and minerals from the roots of the host plant.
Venus Flytrap is commonly seen in
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Greece$/$ Europe
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Arabia
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America
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Asia
Venus flytrap belongs to America as it is native to the areas near the east coast of America, South & North Carolina.
Relation between bacteria and legume having nodulated roots is that of
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Host-parasitism
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Commensalism
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Symbiosis
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Epiphytism
The relation between the bacteria and legume having nodulated root is of symbiosis because it is a mutually beneficial relationship where the bacteria acquire food and accommodation, while the plant acquires nitrogen to make proteins.
Plants that grow over the branches of trees without contact with soil are
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Epiphytes
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Symbionts
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Saprophytes
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Parasites
Epiphytes are symbiotic plants that grow on the surface of a plant and derives its moisture and nutrients from the air, rain or from debris accumulating around it. They usually grow over the branches of trees so that they can attain sunlight as they are short.
A plant living symbiotically inside another plant is called
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Saprophyte
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Endophyte
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Semiparasite
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Parasite
A plant living symbiotically inside another plant is called endophyte because endophytes are plants that live within a plant for at least part of its life cycle without causing apparent disease.
Parasitic plants obtain nourishment through
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Roots
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Haustoria
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Thorns
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Pores
Which of the following conditions are developed due to monoculture.
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Multiplication of parasites
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More food production
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Lessure of toxic chemicals
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Ecosystem balance is undisturbed
Cucurbritaceae family shows:
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Collateral, Conjoint and open vascular bundle
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Bi-Collateral, Conjoint and closed vascular bundle
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Collateral, Conjoint and closed vascular bundle
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Bi-Collateral, Conjoint and open vascular bundle
The number of division in the plant kingdom with the plants producing embryo are
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$1$
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$2$
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$4$
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`$3$
Which heterotrophs feed on organic matters, dead plants and animals?
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Omnivores
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Saprotrophs
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Herbivores
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Producer
The plant having the largest flower is
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Total stem parasite
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Epiphyte
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Total root parasite
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Partial stem parasite
The flower with the world's largest bloom is Rafflesia arnoldii. This rare flower is found in the rainforests of Indonesia. It can grow to be 3 feet across and weigh up to 15 pounds. It is a total root parasitic plant, with no visible leaves, roots, or stem. It attaches itself to the roots of host plant to obtain water and nutrients.
Which of the following is a correct pair?
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Cuscuta- Parasite
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Dischidia- Insectivorous
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Opuntia- Predator
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Capsella- Hydrophyte
1st option is correctly matched as Cuscuta also known as dodder/arambel is a genus of about 100–170 species of yellow, orange, or red parasitic plants.
Organisms that feed upon decaying matter are called as
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Heterotrophs
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Saprophytes
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Myxophytes
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Autotrophs
Depending upon the mode of nutrition the organisms are classified as autotroph and heterotroph.
Which one of the following has a saprophytic mode of nutrition?
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Roundworm
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Leech
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Mushroom
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Lice
The mode of nutrition in which non-green plants take in nutrients in solution form from dead and decaying matter is called saprophytic or saprotrophic nutrition. Fungi, mushrooms, yeast and many bacteria are examples of saprophytes. Roundworms, leeches and lice are parasites, i.e., they live on or in another organism and get their nutrition from them.
Which of the following is a parasitic plant?
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Cactus
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Salvia
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Cuscuta
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Cucumber
The organisms obtain nutrients from dead and decaying organic matter from which mode?
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Parasite
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Autotroph
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Saprophytes
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Holozoic
Holozoic modes of nutrition is a method of nutrition that involves the ingestion of liquid or solid organic material, digestion, absorption and assimilation of it to utilize it. For example, amoeba.
Few plants cannot synthesise food on their own and depend upon other plants and small animals. They are called as heterotrophic plants. These heterotrophs are classified in
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Thallophytes and bryophytes
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Saprophytes and parasites
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Xerophytes and hydrophytes
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Saprophytes and pteridophytes
Parasite are the organism, which depends upon other organism for its nourishment and growth, is known as parasite. It has intracellular digestion. It causes harm to the organism.
Symbiotic relationship is called as
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Some organisms live together
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Share shelter and nutrients
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Both A and B
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None of the above
Symbiosis is any of several living arrangements between members of two different species, including mutualism, commensalism, and parasitism. Both positive (beneficial) and negative (unfavourable to harmful) associations are therefore included, and the members are called symbionts. Any association between two species populations that live together is symbiotic, whether the species benefit, harm, or have no effect on one another.
Bread mould gets its food
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Through photosynthesis
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Non living matter
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By eating herbivorous animals
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All of the above
Bread mold (Rhizopus stolonifer) is a widely distributed thread-like mucoralean mold. Commonly found on bread surfaces, it takes food and nutrients from the bread and causes damage to the surface where it lives. Asexual spores are formed within pinhead-like sporangia, which break to release the spores when mature. Germination of these spores forms the haploid hyphae of a new mycelium. R. stolonifer grows rapidly at temperatures between 15 and 30°C.
.......... are good sources of oxygen for those organisms that live in water.
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Moss
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Mushroom
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Sea urchin
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Algae
Like all green plants, algae produce oxygen during the daylight hours as a by-product of photosynthesis. This is usually a major source of oxygen in fish ponds. In darkness, however, all plants consume oxygen, including algae. Algae blooms in natural water bodies or fish ponds normally produce much more oxygen in the daylight than they consume during the night, but some situations reduce the amount of oxygen a bloom produces without reducing its nighttime oxygen consumption. Trace minerals or nutrients needed by the algae are occasionally used up, causing some or even all, of the bloom to die back temporarily. The resulting bacterial decomposition and loss of normal oxygen production can lead to oxygen depletions and fish kills. Pond water generally changes from a deep green to black, gray, brown or clear after a phytoplankton die-off.
We can demarcate a facultative parasite as one which
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Inevitably requires living host.
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Only requires dead organic matter to live.
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Is actually a parasite but can also become saprophyte.
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Is actually a saprophyte but can also become a parasite.
Facultative parasites are organisms which do not completely depend on a host for completing its life cycle, but may become parasitic in absence of food or other favorable conditions
Cuscuta is
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Total root parasites
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Total stem parasites
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Partial stem parasites
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Epiphytes
Cuscuta (Doddar) plant is obligate or total stem parasite. It completely lacks chlorophyll and has no connection with the soil after the seeding stage. Therefore it is totally dependent on the host for organic food materials and supply of water and minerals salts.
______________ is a parasitic plant.
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Mushroom
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Mucor
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Cuscuta
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Yeast
Animals living and subsisting on other animals are studied under
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Pathology
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Parasitology
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Parazoology
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Protozoology
a) Pathology deals with the study of the nature and causes of diseases.
A fungus which grows on a host but can also subsist on organic matter is
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Obligate parasite
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Obligate saprophyte
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Facultative saprophyte
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Facultative parasite
To digest the food that lies in external medium, a saprophyte secretes
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Enzymes
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Hormones
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Sugar
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None of the above
The bacteria and fungi which feed on dead organic matter are called
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Parasites
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Saprophytes
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Lithophytes
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Dimorphic
Which one of the following is a partial root parasite?
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Balanophora
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Santalum
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Viscum
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Cuscuta
A partial parasite is?
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Cuscuta
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Cassytha
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Arceuthobium
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Viscum
Viscum is a partial stem parasite among the following because it depends on its host for only water and minerals. It can prepare its own food through photosynthesis as it is chlorophyllous.
Monotropa is a
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Saprophyte
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Symbiont
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Parasite
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Insectivorous plant
Insectivorous plant with rosette of spiny margined bilobed hinged and winged leaves for catching the prey is?
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Nepenthes
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Drosera
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Dionaea
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Utricularia
Dionaea, also called as venus fly trap has modified itself in order to meet the requirements of nitrogen. Its leaves are turned into bilobed flap-like structures or winged structures surrounded by spines on the margins so that they can trap the insects laying on them.
Which one of the following is a total root parasite?
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Balanophora$/$ Orobanche
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Viscum
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Cassytha
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Drosera
Balanophora is a total root parasite because it sucks sugars, minerals and also water from the roots of host plants like cabbage etc for its survival, in turn, harming the host.
Weight of the largest flower of Rafflesia is
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$1$kg
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$4$kg
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$6$kg
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$11$kg
Rafflesia bears the largest flowers of the angiosperms. The flowers can grow to 3 feet and can weigh up to 6 kilograms. The plant is parasitic and the vegetative parts are not visible. The flowers are unisexual. The foul smell produced by the flower attracts the pollinator insects.
Which one is the largest root parasite?
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Rafflesia
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Monotropa
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Arceuthobium
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All the above
A. The largest root parasite is rafflesia because rafflesia blooms the largest flower grows to be 3 ft across and almost 50 pounds. The only visible parts of this parasite are usually its flower.
Which one of the following is a parasitic plant?
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Drosera
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Cuscuta
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Nepenthes
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Utricularia
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Water Hyacinth
A total root parasite on Tomato and Brinjal is
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Cistanche
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Orobanche
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Striga
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Balanophora
Aerial absorptive root occur in
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Epiphytes
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Mesophytes
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Hydrophytes
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Xerophytes
Epiphytes are plants that grow attached to other plants. Epiphytes and climbing plants have aerial roots that anchor the plant to the bark, branch or another surface on which it grows. Aerial roots of some epiphytes are specialized not only for anchorage but some have photosynthetic roots (some epiphytic orchids), some absorb water. Some parasitic epiphytes, such as mistletoe (Phorodendron sp, etc.), have roots that penetrate the host plant tissues and absorb nutrients.
Which of the following plants shows the saprotrophic mode of nutrition?
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Dodder
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Venus fly trap
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Nepenthes
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Mushroom
An obligate root parasite is
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Viscum
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Striga
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Loranthus
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Rafflesia
Rafflesia is an example of the obligate root parasites. These parasites are organism which cannot complete its life cycle without a host. It is done with the help of an absorptive organ, the haustorium.
So the correct option is D.Plants obtaining nourishment from other plants by haustoria are
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Epiphytes
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Parasites
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Xerophytes
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Halophytes
Parasitic plants obtain their nutritional requirements from a host plant.
A parasite living within tissue of host is
-
Epiphyte
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Endophyte
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Ecotophyte
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None of the above
A bacteria or fungi that lives within in a plant within the intercellular spaces, tissue cavities, or vascular bundles without harming the host is called as endophytes. They often benefit the host.
Parasitic phanerogams absorb water and solute from host plant by
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Mycorrhiza
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Clinging roots
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Adventitious roots
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Haustoria
Parasitic plants are those which depend on other plants for their food either completely or incompletely. These plants produce a special organ called haustorium which produce adventitious roots to absorb food and nutrients.
So the correct option is D.
In symbiosis, Organisms share
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Food
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Shelter
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Both A and B
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None of the above
Symbiotic relationship is seen in which of the following family of plants?
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Dal Family
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Daisy Family
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Rose Family
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Lily Family
Which of the following is true about Saprophytes?
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They trap insects to meet their nitrogen requirement.
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They live on decaying organic matter.
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They share their food and shelter.
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Saprophytes contain chlorophyll.
Saprophytes are likely to grow on
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Bread pieces
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Pickles when kept in moist places
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On the ground after rains
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All of the above
Saprophytes are organisms that can't make their own food. In order to survive, they feed on dead and decaying matter. Fungi and a few species of bacteria are saprophytes. They grow tubular structures, or hyphae, which are filaments that grow and branch into the dead matter, produce digestive enzymes and digest away the dead organism. In order for a saprotrophic organism to facilitate optimal growth and repair, favourable conditions and nutrients must be present.[4] Optimal conditions refer to several conditions which optimize the growth of saprotrophic organisms, such as;
- Presence of water: 80–90% of the fungi is composed of water by mass, and requires excess water for absorption due to the evaporation of internally retent water.
- In terms of nitrogen-rich sources, saprotrophs require combined protein for the creation of proteins, which is facilitated by the absorption of amino acids, and usually taken from the rich soil.
- Fungi, bread mould, some protists, and many bacteria are saprophytic in nutrition.
Biological significance of selfincompatibility in plant kingdom it to ________________.
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Promote vegetative growth
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Increase biomass
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Promote out breeding
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Check population
Albugo resembles Vaucheria in _________________.
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Mode of its nutrition
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Reserve food material
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Coenocytes thallus and development of sec organs
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Cell wall composition and similarity of sex organs
Saprophytic incompatibility is due to chemical substances which are pertinacious in nature and are formed in the.
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Pollen grain
-
Exine
-
Tapetum
-
Stigma
Which of the following species makes the largest true flower in the world?
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Amorphophallus titanium
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Rafflesia arnoldii
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Nelumbo nucifera
-
Helianthus amnuus
The largest bloom is a parasitic plant, Rafflesia arnoldii which is found in the rainforests of Indonesia.
Which one of the following is a total parasite ?
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Nepenthes
-
Rhozobium
-
Cuscuta
-
Lichens
A.Nepenthes - It is an insectivorous plant.
What are examples of saprotrophs?
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Bacteria and Fungi
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Cats and Rats
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Buffaloes
-
Lions and Tiger
Which organism transforms complex organic compounds back into simple inorganic compound?
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Saprotrophs
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Consumers
-
Producers
-
Herbivores
Indian pipe plant are example of ______
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Autotrophic plant.
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Angiosperm
-
Saprophyte
-
Parasite
Saprophytes are the class of organism that have saprophytic mode of nutrition. They feed on dead living organism. Indian pipe plant :- it is not a fungus, it just looks like one. It is actually a flowering plant, and it is a member of the blueberry family.
When two gametes come together to form sporophyte, the sporphyte dies due to
-
Genetic imcompatibility
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Hybrid sterility
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Sporophytic inviability
-
Sporophytic breakdown
Nepenthes belongs to the category of
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Primary consumer
-
Producer
-
Secondary consumer
-
Both B and C
Nepenthes belongs to the category of producer and secondary consumer. It is also called as topical pitcher plant. It belongs to category of producer as it can synthesize its own food using solar energy. It belongs to secondary consumer because it is a carnivorous plant. It preys the insects and derives nitrogen from it. Thus, the correct answer is 'Both B and C.'
An association of two species where both the partners derive mutual benefit from each other is known as
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Parasitism
-
Symbiosis
-
Commensalism
-
Predation
Mutualism or symbiosis is a mutually beneficial relationship between individuals of two different species. None of the two is capable of living separately. Mutualism and symbiosis are synonyms though symbiosis was formerly considered to be any interaction between two different organisms. Some workers also consider symbiosis to be mutualism, which involves close physical contact. Mutualism or symbiosis is generally considered to be obligatory e.g., nitrogen fixing Rhizobium bacteria living in root nodules of leguminous plants and mycorrhizae (fungus living in association with roots of higher plants like Gymnosperms).
The Orobanche plant is
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Partial root parasite
-
Total root parasite
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Symbiont
-
Total stem parasite
Orobanche plant has no chlorophyll and is parasitic herbaceous plant. It is total root parasite.
Find the one that is not involved in symbiotic nutrition.
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Lichen
-
Mycorrhiza
-
Mucor
-
Rhizobium
Mucor is fungi that are found in soil, digestive systems etc.
The special root-like structure of plant parasites in cuscuta and viscum are called
-
Rhizoids
-
Hasutoria
-
Hyphae
-
Stolons