Cropping patterns - class-V
Description: cropping patterns | |
Number of Questions: 64 | |
Created by: Prabha Kade | |
Tags: production of food from plants agricultural management whose forests? improvement in food resources crop production and management agriculture- crops human food and food production challenges in improving agricultural production fertility of the soil food for all evs biology food production and management evs - i a seeds tells a farmer's story food production |
Large scale storage of grains is done in _______________
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Plastic bags
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Silos
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Pouches
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None of these
- Insects in stored grain can cause much damage. The farmer may lose up to a third of the stored grain.
- Large scale storage of grains is done in silos and granaries to protect them from pests like rats and insects.
Small scale storage of grains is done in_______________________
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Silos
-
Granaries
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Buckets
-
Jute bags
- Storage of food crops is an important step of agricultural practices as harvesting because if the grains are not stored properly it may get spoilt or attacked by insects or rats or microorganisms.
- Large scale storage of grains is done in granaries or silo. Farmers store their dried grains in jute bags or metallic bins.
The heat of dump grain in storage occurs due to .......... content and growth of moulds.
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High moisture
-
Low moisture
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Biotic
-
None of the above
Heating of stored grains results due to the high moisture content in the grains. The grains heat up the water content present in the grain due to thier pre existing temperature which attracts more moisture leading to the growth of microbes in the grains or germinate the seeds thus destroying the yield.
Preventive and control measures adopted for the storage of grains include
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Strict cleaning
-
Proper disjoining
-
Fumigation
-
All of the above
Most important aspect of agriculture is proper storage of harvested
grains and other agricultural produce. Proper storage is necessary to
get seasonal foods regularly throughout the year. The godowns and
stores should be properly clean, storage bags should be fumigated or
treated with insecticides or pesticides. In India, the loss due to
improper storage of grains is about 9% annually. So, the correct answer is 'All of the above'.
The grains are stored mainly for purpose _____
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To make use of agricultural products as sowing grains for next year
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To make the food stuff regularly available throughout the year
-
To maintain the price rate of agriculture product
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All of the above
How temperature causes damage to a food material?
-
It affects the growth of casual organisms
-
Alters the enzyme action
-
Both A and B
-
None of the above
Food can be spoiled when temperatures are not controlled because high temperature give way for the growth of bacteria and excessive heat increases the rate of enzyme reactions. Exposing food to clod temperature also damages the food.
We can prevent pest at home in natural way by using ........... leaves.
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Tulsi leaves
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Neem leaves
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Mango leaves
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None of the above
Neem oil is mainly used to prevent the pests at home. Neem leaves help in stopping the growth of pests. It kills larvae and locusts at homes. Mosquitos die when neem extract is sprayed.
Preventive and control measures adopted for the storage of grains include
-
Strict cleaning
-
Proper disjoining
-
Fumigation
-
All of the above
The grains are stored in huge stores and warehouses. These stores and warehouses should be regularly and strictly cleaned, disinfected and kept dry to avoid ants, insects, worms or rodents infestations and keep the grains safe and hygienic for consumption at any time. There should be proper space or be disjoining between the grain sacks for fumigation and regular inspection of the grains The grains are stored in mass scale in huge chambers called silos. the silos have a proper outlet to withdraw the desired quantity of grains.The silos have built-in arrangements for aeration, fumigation, protection from rodents, insects and bird etc. Thus all three options strict cleaning, proper disjoining and fumigation is equally important for the storage of grains.
Freshly harvested grains must be dried before storing because
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It contains moistures.
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It contains insects.
-
It contains active enzymes.
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None of the above.
If the freshly harvested grains are not dried, it might contain moisture and moisture provide growth media for various organisms like molds. Drying will delay the spoilage of the grains.
Thus, the correct answer is option A.
Storage grains produce aflatoxin due to growth of
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yeast
-
mould
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Aspergillus
-
virus.
Aspergillus consists of several hundred mould species found in various climates worldwide. Aspergillus is highly aerobic and are found in almost all oxygen rich environments. The storage grain produces aflatoxin due to growth of Aspergillus which can cause acute liver damage and cancer.
World's most problematic aquatic weed is ________________.
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Azolla
-
Wolffia
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Elchhornia
-
Trapa
Eichhornia crassipes (water hyacinth) is the world's most problematic aquatic weed, also called "Terror of Bengal". Because of its very high rate of growth, it can cover the surface of whole water bodies, choke them and cause a threat to other aquatic life forms.
Why you never see cattle or goats browsing on weed Calotropis?
-
The plant produces highly poisonous tannin
-
The plant produces quinine which is bitter in taste
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The plant produces cardiac glycosides
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The plant bears prickles
Prey species have evolved various defenses to lessen the impact depredation. For pant, herbivores are the predators plants have evolved an astonishing verity of morphological and chemical defense against herbivores. Calotropis produces highly see any cattle or goat browsing on this plant. A wide variety of chemical substance that we extract from plants on a commercial scale (nicotine, caffeine, quinine, strychnine, opium, etc.) are produced by them actually as defenses against grazers and browsers. So, the correct answer is 'The plant produces cardiac glycosides'.
The exotic species, which when introduced in India became notorious weed, is
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Lantana camara
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Eichhornia crassipes
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Parthenium hysterophorus
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all of these.
Native to South America, Lantana camara was brought to India by the British as ornamental plants, possibly as long as 200 years ago. Forest officials in different parts of the country have watched helplessly as the invasive plant has spread, and efforts to contain it have gone largely in vain.
Weeds tend to compete with the crops for _____
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Food
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Space
-
Light
-
All of the above
If pests and weeds are not controlled at proper time ______
-
They can destruct the crops so much that most of the crop is lost
-
They can destruct the crops so much that most of the crop is no effect
-
They can destruct the crops so much that most of the crop is gain
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None of these
In fact weeds _____
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Take up all the nutrients
-
Reduce the growth of crop in various ways
-
Above both options are correct
-
None of the above
Removal of weeds from cultivated fields during the early stages _____
-
Crop growth is essential for a good harvest.
-
Just for spending time
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For new crop
-
None of these
Weeds take up nutrients and ______ the growth of the crop
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Reduce
-
Increase
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No change occur
-
None of these
Good crop management involves _______ before distribution
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Storage of grains
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Production of grains
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Applying coat layer
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None of these
If weeds and pests are not controlled at the appropriate time then ____
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They can damage the crops so much that most of the crop is lost
-
They can increase the crops so much that most of the crop is lost
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They can damage the crops so much that most of the crop is gain
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None of these
Which of the following groups include only weeds?
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Parthenium, Xanthium and Cyperinus
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Xanthium, Parthenium and Maize
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Convolvulus, Balsam and Paddy
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Amaranthus, Convolvulus and Chenopodium
Weeds can be defined as the unwanted plants that grow in the field and harm the desired crops. Parthenium is the flowering plant which can cause an allergy is the most important weed of corn and wheat field. Xanthium is the ruderal weed of maize. Cyperinus is the most invasive weed found throughout the world. It is the weed of rice field.
Which of the following is also called unwanted plants?
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Weeds
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Shrubs
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Grasses
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Feeds
Weeds are the unwanted or undesirable plants as they compete with desirable crops in the field for nutrients, sunlight and interfere with the growth of crops.
Herbicides are chemicals which control
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Insects
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Fungi
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Weeds
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Nematodes
Herbicides are chemical which control weeds. These are also called as weedicides. Glufosinate ammonium is a broad spectrum herbicides. A 2,4-D (2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid) is a plant hormone that acts as herbicide. It kills the broadleaf weeds that harm the plants by causing uncontrolled growth in them.
Which of the following chemical/s cannot be used as a weedicide?
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Dalapon
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Metachlor
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2-4- Dichlorophenoxy-acetic acid.
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Colchicine
The best time for removal of weeds is before they produce flowers and seeds.
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True
-
False
Removal of weed (or weeding) is done before weeds flower because if they flower they will also produce seeds and finally result in the dispersal of the seeds which makes it difficult to control the weeds because each seed will produce a new weed plant.
Which of the following statement can be related to weed?
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A weed is a plant considered desirable in a particular situation
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A weed is a plant considered undesirable in a particular situation
-
A weed is a plant considered undesirable in all situations.
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A weed is a plant considered desirable in a all situations.
A weed is a wild plant that grows in an unwanted region and is a competition to cultivated plants. They are also known as invasive plants. Weeds typically produce a large number of seeds and propagate enormously. They are highly competitive, persistent, pernicious and may interfere negatively with human activities. It may have good properties also. But the undesirable properties outweigh the desirable properties at a given place.
Which of the following effect is not caused due to weeds?
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Increased crop field
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Interference with harvest
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Limit the choice of crop rotation sequences and cultural practices
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Serve as hosts for crop diseases or provide shelter for insects
Farmer is interested in increasing yield of sugarcane by increasing its height which growth hormone would you suggest to achieve his goal?
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Auxin
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Cytokinin
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Gibberellin
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ABA
Auxins have a cardinal role in the coordination of many growths and behavioral processes in the plant's life cycle and are essential for plant body development. So the correct option is ' Auxin'.
Xanthium, Parthenium, Cyperus rotundus are the examples of
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Diseases
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Pesticides
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Weeds
-
Pathogens
Weeds are unwanted plants which grow along with the crop plants in the cultivated field. Some common weeds in India are Amaranthus (Chaulai), Parthenium (Gajar ghas), Cyperus rotundus (Motha), Chenopodium (Bathua), Xanthium (Gokhroo). Weeds compete with the crop plants for nutrients, space, light and water. This results in lowering the food grain quality and reduction in crop yield. Weeds may produce toxic substances which may interfere with crop growth. During harvesting, weeds get mixed up with crops to lower down its quality.
So, the correct
answer is 'Weeds'.
The growth of weeds can be controlled by
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Manual removal
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Irrigation
-
Herbicides
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All of the above
The growth of weeds can be controlled by the following methods:
(2) Manual removal: Many gardeners still remove weeds by manually pulling them out of the ground, making sure to include the roots that would otherwise allow them to resprout.
(3) Irrigation: Drip irrigation involves bringing water directly to the roots of the desired plants, thereby limits weed's access to water.
Weeding is necessary because_______________
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They affect growth of the plant
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They affect the nutrients supplied to the soil
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Both A and B
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None of these
Weeding is necessary since weeds compete with the crop plants for water, nutrients, space and light. Thus, they affect the growth of the crop. Some weeds interfere even in harvesting and may be poisonous for animals and human beings.
Which of the following are characteristics of weed?
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Little or no recognized value in medicine
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Rapid growth
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Competitive with crops
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All of the above
Any plant not sown in the field by the farmer and grow where it is not wanted is called a weed.
Weeds compete with crops for
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Soil
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Nutrients
-
Space
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Both B and C
- A weed can be defined as any plant that requires some form of action to reduce its effect on the economy, the environment, human health, and amenity.
- Weeds compete with crops for space, nutrients, water, and light. Smaller, slower-growing seedlings are more susceptible than those that are larger and more vigorous.
Weeds, insects and diseases can be controlled by _____
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Use of pesticides
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Sprayed on crop plants
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Herbicides, insecticides and fungicides
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All of the above
Weeds can be removed by using
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Pesticides
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Weedicides
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Antibiotics
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Bactericides
Weeds are the undesirable plants that are not cultivated. They are the plants at the wrong place. They compete with the crop for nutrients and space. Hence, they are harmful to the crop. These weeds can be controlled by using weedicides.
Unwanted plants growing along with crop plants are called as ________.
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Herbs
-
Weeds
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Crops
-
Grass
The unwanted plants which grow in field along with the crop plants are termed as weed. They are harmful for the crops as they compete for nutrients with them.
Identify the advantage of proper storage.
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The quality of food is ensured for a longer time.
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The variety of food may be available in far places.
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The food poisoning is prevented.
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All of the above
The weeds competes for
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Food
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Water
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Sunlight
-
All of the above
Which of the following is a weed?
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Sunflower
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Sugarcane
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Rose
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Wild grasses
Which of the following is important to prevent the growth of weeds?
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Insecticides
-
Pesticides
-
Biofertilizers
-
Weedicides
Insecticides and pesticides are used to kill the insects and the pest that harm the crops . While biofetilizers are the manure (contains living microorganisms) . On the other hand , weedicides are used to kill the weeds .
The unwanted plants that grow in a crop field are known as
-
Seeds
-
Weeds
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Fruits
-
Flowers
The unwanted plants in a crop field are known as weeds. These compete with the crop plants in the field for nutrition, hence hampering their growth.
Which of the following is a weed?
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Wheat
-
Rice
-
Maize
-
None of the above
Assertion : Storage of seeds at low temperature is possible.
Reason : Respiration and enzymatic activity are not shown by seeds at low temperature.
-
If both the assertion and the reason are true and the reason is a correct explanation of the assertion
-
If both the assertion and reason are true but the reason is not a correct explanation of the assertion
-
If the assertion is true but the reason is false
-
If both the assertion and reason are false
-
If the assertion is false but reason is true
Some seeds are capable of withstanding exposure to low temperature (-10C to -20C). Some of properly dried seeds can withstand low temperature of even liquid nitrogen (- 196C). This reduces respiration and enzymatic activity to bare minimum which is required for sustaining the living of the seeds. Samples of the seeds are periodically tested for germination ability.
Cochineal insect has been used in checking the wild growth of________________.
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Opuntia
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Eichhornia
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Aphids
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Screw worm
Which of the following weed should be eradicated quickly?
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Opuntia
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Eichhornia
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Parthenium
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Vallisneria
Which of the following pesticides is an acetyl cholinestrase inhibitor?
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DDT
-
Deltamethrin
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Malathion
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Permethrin
Malathion is an organophosphate and an acetyl cholinestrase inhibitor that is strictly used as a topical pediculicide.
American water plant that has become a troublesome water weed in India is
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Cyperus rotundus
-
Eichhornia crassipes
-
Trapa latifolia
-
Trapa bispinosa
Eichhornia crassipes , commonly known as water hyacinth , is an aquatic plant native to Amazon basin, known for it's highly problematic invasion outside it's native range. It forms dense mats in the water bodies, which causes the reduction in the oxygen for other organisms in the water body .
Given below are statements about the harmful effects of weeds on crop plants.
(i) They interfere while harvesting.
(ii) They help crop plants grow healthily.
(iii) They compete with crop plants for water, nutrients, space, and light.
(iv) They affect plant growth.
Choose the correct statements from above.
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(i), (iii) and (iv)
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(iii) only
-
(iii) and (iv)
-
(i), (ii), (iii) and (iv)
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They interfere in harvesting.
-
They compete with crop plants for water, nutrients, space and light.
-
They affect plant growth.
-
Presence of weeds increases the cost of agriculture and hinders the progress of work.
-
It increases the irrigation requirement.
-
They reduce the value of produce or otherwise adds the cost of cleaning.
- Some weeds when eaten (Cleome viscosa) by milch animals will produce an undesirable odour in the milk. At times death/disorder/deformity may occur. For example, Datura stramonium.
- The fruits and seeds of Xanthium strumarium and Achyranthes aspera entangle with wool which fetch lower prices.
-
They harbour insect pests, pathogens and parasites.
-
They reduce the value of the land.
-
Presence of weeds will impair the purity of varieties by chance of cross pollination.
-
Weeds cause health hazards to man and animals.
-
Weeds cause allelopathic effect.
Which of the following is a weed?
-
Oryza sativa
-
Cyperinus rotundus
-
Arachis hypogea
-
Triticum vulgare
Weeds can be defined as the unwanted plants that are grown in the field and harm the desired crops. Cyperinus is the most invasive weed found throughout the world. It is the weed of rice field. This is the weed which is commonly found in the temperate regions.
The prodigious spread of prickly pear (Opuntia) in South India was controlled by
-
cochineal insect
-
colchicine
-
DDT
-
2, 4-D
When the invasive species prickly pear was introduced it possessed a threat to the native species. The growth Opuntia is then controlled by the introduction of the species of the cochineal insect.
'Aquatic' weeds can be utilized and converted into
-
Ethanol
-
Fertilizers
-
Leather
-
Solid waste
Which of the following groups of herbicides is derived from urea, and is used for controlling weeds in tea, tobacco and cotton?
-
Carbamates
-
Triazines
-
Pyrethroids
-
Organophosphate
A carbamate is an organic compound which is derived from carbamic acid (NH$ _{2}$COOH).
Weeds affect the crop plants by
-
Killing the crop plants before they grow
-
Secreting poisons which cause diseases in crop plants
-
Competing for various resources of crop plants causing low availability of nutrients
-
None of the above
Weeds are unwanted plants in the cultivated field. They compete with the crop plants for food, space and light. They take up the nutrients and reduce the growth of the crop.
The most important weed against which eradication measures would be taken on war footings is
-
Eichhornia
-
Dactylis
-
Parthenium
-
Ageratum
Parthenium is most common weed which grows anywhere on the land like roadsides, war footings etc. It releases chemicals to supress the growth of plants and allergents toxic to other livestock. Thus it is important to supress this weed first. Thus the correct answer is 'Parthenium'.
The common weedicide used in cultivating fields is
-
2, 4 - D
-
2,4,5 - T
-
IAA
-
ABA
An American plant, which had become a troublesome waterweed in India is
-
Typha latifolia
-
Trapa bispinosa
-
Cyperus rotundus
-
Eichhornia crassipes
Eichhornia crassipes also known with the common name of water hyacinth is a free-floating aquatic plant native to America. It is often considered a highly problematic invasive species outside its native range. E. crassipes reproduces both vegetatively and sexually, but the vegetative reproduction is responsible for the plant’s rapid spread and colonization of water bodies. It occurs through the formation of stolons, which produce daughter plants. This is generally very rapid, if the temperature is high and nutrients are available, it often invades bodies of water that have been impacted by human activities as they often receive large amounts of nutrients. One plant can multiply to cover one acre in a single growing season forming a dense strand. So, with the combination of its free-floating habit, rapid vegetative propagation, and ability to survive on mud during periods of low water levels, E. crassipes has been able to naturalize in a wide variety of aquatic habitats.
Weeds affect the crop plants by
-
Killing of plants in field before they grow
-
Dominating the plants to grow
-
Competing for various resources of crops causing low availability of nutrients
-
All of the above
Weeds are nothing but unwanted crops that grow along with the main crop. Thus, they compete with the main crop for sunlight, water, nutrients, and space and thus reduce the resources available to them. In this way, they hamper the growth of the main crop.
................. helps in weed control.
-
Mono cropping
-
Multi cropping
-
Both A and B
-
Crop rotation
- Rotating crops with ones that kill weeds by choking them out, such as hemp and other crops, can be a very effective method of weed control.
- It is a way to avoid the use of herbicides and to gain the benefits of crop rotation.
Weeds compete in which of the following with crop plants.
-
Sunlight
-
Space
-
Nutrients
-
All of the above
The unwanted plants which grow in field along with the crop plants are termed as weed. They are harmful for the crops as they compete for nutrients, space and sunlight with them.
___________ is an example of weeds.
-
Wild oats
-
Mango
-
Lemon grass
-
Oak
The unwanted plants which grow in field along with the crop plants are termed as weed. They are harmful for the crops as they compete for nutrients with them.
Troublesome American water weed found in India is
-
Eichhornia
-
Trapa
-
Cyperus
-
Typha
The Eichhornia , commonly known as common water hyacinth, is an aquatic plant native to the Amazon basin, and is often a highly problematic invasive species outside its native range . It grows at an alarming rate and spreads on the surface of the water body. This cut out of the light and it also causes an increase in the oxygen demand. Thus, causing the death of fishes and other aquatic organisms.
Congress grass is
-
Cynodon dactylon
-
Digitaria purpurea
-
Cymbopogon citratus
-
Parthenium hysterophorus
Congress grass is the common name for Parthenium hysterophorus . It is a species of flowering plant in the aster family, Asteraceae.
Which one is a troublesome weed of agricultural fields?
-
Chenopodium album
-
Cyperus rotundus
-
Parthenium hysterophorus
-
Eichhornia crassipes
Parthenium hysterophorus is commonly called as congress grass or gajar ghass .It is a species of flowering plant in the aster family, Asteraceae. It is native to the American tropics. This weed is equally dangerous for all flora and fauna. It is highly dangerous for humans. It utilizes most of the nutritious substances from soils, thus converting fertile ground into unfertile ones.
Agent Orange consisted of
-
2,4 - D
-
2,4,5-T
-
Dioxin as contaminant
-
All the above
- Agent Orange refers to a herbicide mixture which was used by the U.S. military during the Vietnam War and it contained a dangerous chemical contaminant called dioxin.
- The active ingredient of Agent Orange was an equal mixture of two phenoxy herbicides – 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and 2,4,5 trichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4,5-T) and it also contained traces of the dioxin 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD).
- So the correct option is ' All of the above'.