It was in the year 1988 that democracy was restored in Chile. In this year Pinochet's military dictatorship came to an end after he decided to hold a referendum. In the referendum, the citizens voted against Pinochet. In this way, he lost both his political as well as military power. The first government to be elected in its inquiries showed that his government was brutal as well as corrupt. 

The military coup occurred in Chile in 1973. It was on 11 September 1973 when the then President of Chile, Salvador Allende's government was overthrown by the military.

Absolute monarchy prevails in Saudi Arabia. The King is both the head of the state and government. Whereas, in Libya the political condition is uncertain due to the collapse of Libyan Arab Jamahiriya. In Nigeria there exist a federal form of government, whereas India is a democratic republic country. 

Democracy and economic growth have had a strong correlative relationship. The economic growth of dictatorship governments  between 1950-2000 is 4.42.

Democracy provides mechanisms for the peaceful resolution of social conflict. Democratic governance is generally conducive to the resolution of both civil and international conflict. The spread of democracy is good for international society as a whole, for the security of democratic states in particular, and the peoples residing in war-torn regions of the globe.

The Legal Framework Order refers to presidential decrees issued during military rule in Pakistan in 1970 and 2002 over the organisation of elections. According to this order, the President can dissolve the federal or provincial associations. A National Security Council governed by military officers controls the functioning of the civilian authority.  Hence, Option A is correct. The rest of the government members do not supervise the elections, hence, incorrect. 

Mexico is the country that has never been under a military rule. The following countries have been under military rule:

A dictatorship is a form of government in which one person or a small person or group possesses absolute power without effective constitutional limitation. It is in this form of government that the rulers are compelled to change decisions. Whereas in a democracy the final decision-making power must rest with those elected by the people.

The dictatorial form of government appears to be a more stable form of government as it is an authoritarian form of government, where a country is ruled by a single leader. Dictatorships are the most stable form of government due to no dilution of power and because the opposition has no real chance to form the government. Hence, it avoids electoral turmoil completely.

In a democracy, leaders are elected for a particular period and elections are held to form a new government. The leaders keep changing in a democracy. This leads to instability in the government.

A dictatorship is a form of government where one party or one person rule prevails. The ultimate power without effective constitutional limits is possessed by them. In government, a dictatorship leaves no room for input from anyone who is not in the top authority.

Abraham Lincoln defines democracy as "the government of the people, by the people, for the people". The term democracy is derived from a Greek language and means " rule by the people". It is clear from the definition of the term democracy that democracy is the rule of the people's representative. In a democratic form of government, the political leaders are elected by the citizens only.

"Coming Together Federation": It is a type of federation in which independent states come together on their own to form a bigger unit so that by pooling sovereignty and retaining identity they can increase their security. Whereas, "Holding Together Federation" is a type of federation in which a large country decides to divide its power between the constituent states and the National government.

Myanmar is formerly known as Burma. It gained freedom from colonial rule in 1948 and became a democracy. But this democratic rule was short-lived and ended in 1962 with a military coup.

Dictatorship is a form of government where a country or a group of countries is ruled by one person which can be a dictator or political entity, and exercised through various mechanisms to ensure that the entity's power remains strong thus the executive is responsible to no one.

The President of India is the Supreme Commander of the Armed Forces in India. It is the military power of President that he can declare war or conclude peace, on the aid and advice of the Council of Ministers headed by the Prime Minister. All major contracts and treaties are concluded in the President's name.

The Communist Manifesto, written by Karl Marx with the assistance of Friedrich Engels on February 21, 1848. It is a political document that presents an analytical approach to the class struggle and the conflict of capitalism and the capitalist mode of production, rather than a prediction of communism's potential future forms.

Communalism means allegiance towards one's own ethnic group rather than to the whole society. Ideals and beliefs of different communal groups don't match. Many communal groups believe they are a nation of separate confederacies rather than part of the country. Options A, B and C exhibit the nature of communalism. However, option D considers views from different religions which does not justify communalism. Hence, option D is correct answer.  

Institutional Monarchy is monarchy where the sovereign who is elected by the People acts as the head of the State and exercise his power in accordance with the Constitution (written or unwritten).

Sunderlal Bahuguna is an environmentalist and Chipko movement leader. He fought for the preservation of forests in the Himalayas and against constructing large dams. In the rural Himalayan region, foreign based logging companies were attracted to the region's vast forest resources. Although villagers depended on the forest for subsistence, government policy denied them lumber access. Chipko protest meaning "tree hugging" a technique of non-violent resistance was applied. This helped save trees and forests from cutting by forest contractors. Hence, option A is the correct answer.

Features of Dictatorship:

Dictatorship is a form of government wherein all the power of the nation is vested in single person known as ruler or Dictator. Dictatorship perpetuates tyranny as it is on the wishes and whims of the dictator the whole system works. The people have less freedom and no choice of changing their representative.

A dictatorship is a type of authoritarianism, in which politicians regulate nearly every aspect of the public and private behavior of citizens. They take necessary steps to keep their position strong. Good example of dictatorship is North Korea. 

Type of government where one person or small group holds power is called dictatorship. It is a type of authoritarianism, in which politicians regulate nearly every aspect of the public and private behaviour of citizens. They take necessary steps to keep their position strong. Features of dictatorship are: monopoly of powers, single ruling party and belief in racial supremacy. Good example of dictatorship is North Korea. 

A dictatorship is a type of authoritarianism, in which politicians regulate nearly every aspect of the public and private behaviour of citizens. They take necessary steps to keep their position strong. Features of dictatorship are: monopoly of powers, single ruling party and belief in racial supremacy. Good example of dictatorship is North Korea. 

Monarchy is the form of government in which king exercises supreme power. He is the head of the country and rules it. The seat of the ruler is hereditary. It can be of two types:

• Partial monarchy: in such type powers of the monarch are very limited. An example is the queen of England
  
• Absolute monarchy: monarch exercises supreme power in this case. An example is the king of Saudi Arabia.
  

Among the given options Barak Obama is Odd because he is the ruler of a democratic country where people elect their leader. Augusto Pinochet of Chile, Kim Jong-il of North Korea and Robert Mugabe of Zimbabwe are examples of dictators.

Type of government where one person or small group holds power is called dictatorship. It is a type of authoritarianism, in which politicians regulate nearly every aspect of the public and private behavior of citizens. They take necessary steps to keep their position strong. Features of dictatorship are the monopoly of powers, single ruling party and belief in racial supremacy. A good example of dictatorship is North Korea.

Type of government in which king or queen holds the power is called Monarchy. A constitutional monarchy is a form of government in which a monarch acts as head of state within the parameters of a written or unwritten constitution. In a constitutional monarchy the real power is enjoyed by the council of ministers. Japan, Thailand and United Kingdom are examples of constitutional monarchy.

An autocracy is a system of government in which supreme power is concentrated in the hands of one person, whose decisions can never be subjected to legal restraints. An autocratic government in which military leaders govern the state is called Military dictatorship. An example is a military dictator Augusto Pinochet of Chile who ruled from 1973-1990. 

Type of government in which king or queen holds the power is called Monarchy. Monarchy is the form of government in which king exercises supreme power. He is the head of the country and rules it. Among the given options India does not have a monarchy. India has a democratic form of government.

An autocracy is a system of government in which supreme power is concentrated in the hands of one person, whose decisions can never be subjected to legal restraints. Absolute monarchy is the best example of autocracy. Absolute monarchy is an autocracy in which monarch exercises supreme power. Example is king of Saudi Arabia.

Type of government in which king or queen holds the power is called Monarchy. Monarchy is the form of government in which king exercises supreme power. A constitutional monarchy is a form of government in which a monarch acts as head of state within the parameters of a written or unwritten constitution. Japan, Thailand and United Kingdom are examples of constitutional monarchy.

An autocracy is a system of government in which supreme power is concentrated in the hands of one person, whose decisions can never be subjected to legal restraints. An autocratic government in which military leaders govern the state is called Military dictatorship. An example is a military dictator, Augusto Pinochet of Chile who ruled from 1973-1990. 

Among the given statements, the true statement is, in present days, in many countries people elect their ruler which is a form of democratic and republic government. There are very few places which still follow monarchy and dictatorship.

Type of government in which king or queen holds the power is called Monarchy. Monarchy is the form of government in which king exercises supreme power. He is the head of the country and rules it. The seat of the ruler is hereditary. It can be of two types:

• Constitutional monarchy: In this type, powers of the monarch are very limited. An example is the queen of England
  
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• Absolute monarchy:  Monarch exercises supreme power in this case. An example is the king of Saudi Arabia.
  

An economic and social system in which all (or nearly all) property and resources are collectively owned by a classless society and not by individual citizens is called communism. It is a political thought which is the establishment of government by a specific community. In this, each person contributes and receives according to their ability and needs.

The hammer and sickle is a communist symbol that was conceived during the Russian Revolution. Hammer stood for industrial labour and sickle stood for the peasantry. They together stood for a worker-peasant alliance for socialism.

Soviet theory is based on the ideology of communist system of government. According to this theory, the government undertakes or controls the total media and communication to serve working classes and their interest.  

In the Communist form of government, a state plans and owns the economy. In this, each person contributes and receives according to their ability and needs. Among the given options Poland, Russia, and Romania are the examples of East European countries which were ruled by communist parties in the 1980s.

Communism is a political thought which is the establishment of government by a specific community. In this form of government, a state plans and owns economy. In this each person contributes and receives according to their ability and needs. Symbol of communism is hammer and sickle. The hammer stands for the industrial working-class while the sickle represents the agricultural workers. Together represents unity of these two groups.

Communism is a political thought which is the establishment of government by a specific community. In this form of government, a state plans and owns economy. In this each person contributes and receives according to their ability and needs. Symbol of communism is hammer and sickle. The hammer stands for the industrial working-class while the sickle represents the agricultural workers. Together represents unity of these two groups.

An autocracy is a system of government in which supreme power is concentrated in the hands of one person, whose decisions can never be subjected to legal restraints. An autocratic government in which military leaders govern the state is called Military dictatorship. Rule of Germany by Adolf Hitler is an example of military dictatorship.

An autocracy is a system of government in which supreme power is concentrated in the hands of one person, whose decisions can never be subjected to legal restraints. An autocratic government in which military leaders govern the state is called Military dictatorship. An example is a military dictator, Augusto Pinochet of Chile who ruled from 1973-1990. The military dictatorship of Chile came to an end in 1990.

Communism is a political thought which is the establishment of government by a specific community. In this form of government, a state plans and owns economy. In this each person contributes and receives according to their ability and needs. Communism is founded by Karl Marx.

An autocracy is a system of government in which supreme power is concentrated in the hands of one person, whose decisions can never be subjected to legal restraints. An autocratic government in which military leaders govern the state is called Military dictatorship. The main reason that leads to military dictatorship is when the competitive states form alliance against the nation.