Life is precious - class-XI
Description: life is precious | |
Number of Questions: 49 | |
Created by: Shaka Gupte | |
Tags: pollution environmental pollution natural resources and agriculture environmental pollution and industries the environment and us zoology not for breathing not for drinking atmosphere- wind evs - i environmental issues natural resources - air, water and land business organisation and correspondence evs biology life is precious physical resources |
Read the given statements and select the correct option.
Statement 1: Traffic jams are likely to cause giddiness, exhaustion, reduced vision, etc.
Statement 2: Carbon monoxide from vehicles causes these problems by reducing $ { O } _{ 2 } $ -carrying capacity of hemoglobin.
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Both statements 1 and 2 are correct.
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Statement 1 is correct but statement 2 is incorrect.
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Statement 1 is incorrect bu statements 2 is correct.
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Both statements 1 and 2 are incorrect.
50% of Carbon monoxide emissions are from automobiles. Normally CO has a brief residence in atmosphere and gets oxidized to co2. However, in congested and closed areas if proves quite harmful. Carbon monoxide combines with haemoglobin, produces carboxyhaemoglobin or COHb. At 50 ppm, CO converts 7.5% of haemoglobin into carboxyhemoglobin within 8 hours. It impairs oxygen transport resulting in giddiness, headache, decreased vision, cardiovascular malfunction, and asphyxia.
Among the following which one causes more indoor chemical pollution?
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Burning coal
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Burning cooking gas
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Burning mosquito coil
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Room spray
All of the following is the method to control air pollution except
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Use of CNG gas
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Use of LPG gas
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Aforestation
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Use of cycle
- Its composition is propane or butane or a mixture of both, are flammable mixtures of hydrocarbon gases used as fuel in heating appliances, cooking equipment, and vehicles.
- Use of LPG is not a method to control air pollution because Inhaling of LPG vapour can cause irritation in nose and throat, headache and nausea, vomiting, dizziness and loss of consciousness.
- Hence Use of LPG gas is not a method to control air pollution.
- So, the correct answer is 'Use of LPG gas'.
Asthma can be caused by
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Water pollution
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Soil erosion
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Air pollution
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Thermal pollution
- Asthma is a condition in which a person's airways become inflamed, narrow and swell and produce extra mucus, which makes it difficult to breathe.
- The symptoms of asthma often present in periodic attacks or episodes of tightness in the chest, wheezing, breathlessness, and coughing.
- Asthma is caused by many reasons such as air pollution, smoking, dust, pets, chemicals, and genetic reasons. Allergins present in the polluted air causes an inflammatory reaction is airways which leads to asthma.
- Hence Asthma can be caused by air pollution.
- So, the correct answer is 'Air pollution'.
In metropolitan cities, the automobiles cause air pollution.
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$80\%$
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$60\%$
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$50\%$
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$100\%$
Most of the automobiles have an environmental impact up to 80 to 90 percent., It is due to fuel consumption and emissions of air pollution and greenhouse gases that are said to drive global warming.
For corrosion of metals, there should be
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Exposed surface of metal
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Moisture
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Air
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All the above
Which of the following measures can be taken by people to reduce air pollution?
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Encourage your family to use the bus, train or bike when commuting
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Rapidly accelerate the transition away from coal towards clean energy sources, like solar and wind
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If you are buying a car, look for a fuel-efficient model
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All of the above
People also should take initiative to reduce air pollution like
- People should use public transport like bus or train for a long rout and use a bicycle for short distance.
- Use a renewable source of energy like solar and wind for electricity, cooking and water heating.
- Use fuel efficient car model for less consumption of fuel.
Which of the following pollutants are released by burning fossil fuels and reduces visibility, especially in cold weather, when water also condenses out of the air?
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Oxides of Sulphur
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Oxides of Nitrogen
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Unburnt carbon particles
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All of the above
On burning, fossil fuel with minimum oxygen supply is given unburn carbon particle which doesn't settle down and get mix with water vapour. In winter it gets worse, visibility of air get dropdown and very hard to breath because of a minute particle present in the air. Sulphur and Nitrogen are also harmful but they are not involved in visibility problem.
Main causes of air pollution are
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Excessive burning of fuels
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Burning of wood
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Vehicles releasing smoke
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All of the above
Air pollution means the presence of gases, dust particles, fumes, smokes, harmful chemicals in the atmosphere such that that makes it harmful to other living beings. Causes of air pollution includes:
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Pollution and degradation of air
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Climate change
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Over population
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All of the above
There are various man-made factors that create the environmental problems. These factors include air pollution, degradation of air, water contamination, over population, industrial mining, climate change, deforestation, fossil fuels, fertilizer use, etc. The natural factors responsible for environmental problems include forest fire, water vapour, frost soil, etc.
ESP is to arrest
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Water Pollution
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Air Pollution
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Radio Activity Pollution
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Soil Pollution
ESP or electrostatic precipitators are used to remove dust particles from flue gas (such as gas from broilers). The dust particles present in the air get charged as they pass through the electrostatic precipitator and get collected at the collection electrode. It can, therefore, be used to remove air pollutants such as dust.
Which gas is supposed to be the main gas responsible for air pollution?
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$SO _2$
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$CO _2$
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$CO$
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$O _2$
Of the following, which one causes more indoor chemical pollution
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Turning coal
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Burning mosquito coil
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cooking gas
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Room spray
Coal usually produces a lot of smoke. So, when burning indoor it creates a lot of chemical pollution.
Heavy dust can cause
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leaf blights
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opening of stomata
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closure of stomata
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browning of leaves
What is causes of increase in $CO _{2}$
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Volcanic Eruption
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Deforestation
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Photosynthesis
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Burning of fossil fuel
What are 'anthropogenic' sources of CO?
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Industries, Motor Vehicles
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Forest fire
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Volcanic Eruption
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Deforestation
In big cities automobiles are responsible for ...... % of air pollution.
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50%
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70%
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80%
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100%
Vehicle emissions are responsible for 70% of the country's air pollution. Exhaust from vehicles has increased eight-fold over levels of twenty years ago. Air quality is worst in big cities like Kolkata, Delhi, Mumbai, Chennai, etc.
Air pollution is caused by
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Smoke
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Automobile exhausts
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Radioactive substances
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All of the above
Air pollution can be defined as the mixing of harmful gases or chemical substances in the air, that results into harmful effects on flora as well as fauna. The major pollutants of air pollution includes the harmful untreated gases that are released into the atmosphere from factories, also the carbon monoxide gas released from the burnt fuel in the automobiles. Sometimes the leakage of radioactive substance also led to adverse effects on living organism.
Air pollution is maximum due to
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Sewage and pesticides
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Automobile exhausts and industrial wastes
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Sewage and effluents
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Detergents and pesticides
Burning of fossil fuels leads to their combustion causing the release of carbon dies oxide in air. It also releases other harmful gases that cause air pollution. So, option B " Automobile exhausts and industrial wastes" is the correct answer.
The air around us has various types of unwanted particles, such as
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Smoke
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Dust
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Pollens
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All of the above
The air around us has various types of unwanted suspended particles like- smoke, dust, pollens etc. When we inhale these particles get trapped in the hair present in our nasal cavity. However, sometimes these particles may get past the hair present in our nasal cavity. Then they irritate the lining of the cavity as a result of which we sneeze. Sneezing expels these foreign particles from the inhaled air and a dust-free, clean air enters our body.
Which of these activities causes air pollution?
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Rapid urbanization and industrialization
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Deforestation
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Burning of fuels like coal and petroleum
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All of the above
Air pollution is due to various substances that holds the potential to hinder the atmosphere or the well being of the living beings surviving in it. The sustainment of all things living is due to a combination of gases that collectively form the atmosphere; the imbalance caused by the increase or decrease of the percentage of these gases can be harmful for survival. All the above mentioned a, b & c points are the cause of air pollution.
Human activities such as transportation and manufacturing result in the greatest impact on the Earth through
III. Air pollution
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I only
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II only
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III only
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I and II only
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II and III only
Which of the following doesnot cause air pollution?
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Increasing forest reserves
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Using pesticides in farms
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Developing housing estates
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Quarrying for limestone
The use of excessive chemical fertilizers and pesticides results in the water pollution and soil pollution. The construction of the housing estates results in air pollution. The quarrying of the limestone also results in the release of the particles causing air pollution. The increase in the forest reserves does not result in any kind of pollution.
Huge amount of toxic chemicals leak into the surrounding eco system because of
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Industries
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Mining
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Pestisides
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Modern technology
Lead (Pb) causes
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Soil pollution
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Air pollution
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Radioactive pollution
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All the above
Lead is an important pollutant of soil and atmosphere. Lead is a heavy metal and very immobile element. Hence, the lead may quickly reach very high concentrations locally. Lead is a prominent pollutant released from factories manufacturing dry cells and batteries. In the atmosphere, lead is released by combustion of fossil fuels. Fossil fuels contain lead compounds as an additive as antiknock agents. Combustion of such fuel in vehicles leads to air pollution.
The Tajmahal which is a historical monument built with marble is being corroded due to the gases let out by the nearby oil refineries. The chief pollutants are
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$CO$
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$CO _2$
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$SO _2$
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$NO _2$
Which of the pollutant irritates the mucous membrane?
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Nitrogen dioxide
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Carbon monoxide
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Sulphur dioxide
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Hydrogen sulphide
The chief sources of air pollution is
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Pesticides
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Sewage
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Automobiles
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None of the above
What are green house gases?
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Gases that trap heat in the atmosphere
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The gases produced by plants
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Gases that escape from volcano
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All of the above
Exchange of incoming and outgoing radiation that keep the earth warm is known as
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Global warming
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Ozone layer depletion
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Green house effect
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Radiation effect
What is Global Warming?
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Increase in temperature of earth's surface and atmosphere
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Increase in sun's temperature
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The sun gets closer to the earth
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All of the above
Which of the following are air pollution control measures?
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Forestation
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Using clean air technology
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Using renewable source of energy
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All of the above
Air pollution refers to the release of pollutants into ______ that harms human health and environment.
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land
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air
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water
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air and land
In Delhi, which of the following is used to control air pollution?
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CNG vehicles
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Green muffler
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Scrubber
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Treatment plant
- Compressed natural gas (CNG) (methane stored at high pressure) is a fuel which can be used in place of gasoline, diesel fuel, and propane/LPG. CNG combustion produces fewer undesirable gases than gasoline.
- Hence In Delhi, CNG vehicles are used to control air pollution.
- So, the correct answer is 'CNG vehicles'.
Major aerosol pollutant in jet plane emission is
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Sulphur dioxide
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Carbon monoxide
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Methane
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Fluorocarbon
Aerosols are the minute particles that are released with the pressure and remain suspended in the air. These can be sold particles or liquid droplets. The natural aerosols appear in the form of the fog, dust, forest exudates, geyser steams etc. The anthropogenic aerosols are more harmful and persist for the longer duration, like smoke, particulate matter etc. The emission from the jets comprises mainly of the fluorocarbons that are emitted with an immense pressure to provide propulsion to the engine.
Air pollution is not caused by
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Pollen grains
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Hydroelectric power
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Industries
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Automobiles
Hydroelectric power is the cleanest form of electricity generation without contributing to the air pollution as it does not require the burning of fuel for working and water is provided by a natural force and moreover, it is renewable by rainfall causing refilling of reservoir. The dams are built which provide storage and it helps in reducing greenhouse gases emissions apart from the fact that once it becomes operative these have a low maintenance cost.
Which is not an air pollutant?
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Phosphate
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Hydrocarbons
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Pollen grains
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Carbon monoxide
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Sulphur dioxide
Multiple Choice Questions
In coal fired power plant, electrostatic precifications are used to control emission of
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$SO _2$
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$SPM$
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$CO$
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$NO _X$
Electrostatic precipitators use the principle of electrically charging particles in an exhaust and then allowing them to settle on variably charged platforms. It is done primarily for control of SPM or suspended particulate matter such as dust, fumes, smoke etc.
Multiple Choice Questions
A pollutant producing burning sensation of throat and eyes along with feeling of vomiting is
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Hydrogen sulphide
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Sulphur dioxide
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Hydrogen cyanide
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Arsenic.
H$ _2$S is a primary air pollutant emitted from putrifying substances, refineries, bituminous fuels etc. It causes burning sensation of throat and eyes along with feeling of vomiting or nausea. In plants it may cause defoliation and mottled chlorosis.
Multiple Choice Questions
Which particulate size is most harmful?
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$1.0\,\, \mu$m or less
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$1.5 \,\,\mu$m or less
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$2.5\,\,\mu$m or less
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$5.2 \,\,\mu$m- $2.5 \,\,\mu$m.
PM or particulate matter of diameter $2.5\,\,\mu$m or less is the most harmful as they are inhaled deep into the lungs causing serious lung damages, deposition in respiratory tracts and even death of the person.
Air pollution, trapped by leaves, through
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Forests
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Grasses
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Plant
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Animals
What is colorless, odorless, tasteless and cannot be felt?
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Water
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Air
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Gas
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pollutants
______ is a device for separation of pollutants from air.
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Autoclave
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Distillator
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Scrubber
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Electronic precipitator
There are several contaminants found in air. It is very important to purify this polluted air .A fine spray of water in a device known as scrubber can effectively separate many gases such as ammonia and sulphur dioxide.
The Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, was enforced in the year ______
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1982
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1981
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1968
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1988
The Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act was enacted by the Parliament in 1981 for the control of air pollution and preservation of quality of air. This law has been enforced for sustaining the quality of environment.
Level of atmospheric $CO _2$ has increased in $2000$ from
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$280$ ppm to $360$ ppm
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$250$ ppm to $300$ ppm
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$300$ ppm to $340$ ppm
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$330$ ppm to $350$ ppm
Carbon dioxide is the greenhouse gas. It means that it traps the insolation from the sun and does not allow them to be reflected back. The trapped insolation work in warming the overall temperature of the earth. The level of atmospheric CO$ _{2}$ was around 200 ppm during the ice age. It rose to 280 ppm during the warmer interglacial periods. Presently, in the Anthropocene era, due to the excessive CO$ _{2}$ releasing activities like fossil fuel burning, the level of CO$ _{2}$ has risen to 360 ppm.
Pollution is rising due to
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Rains
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Research institutes
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Population explosion
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Automobiles and industries
The increased and excessive use of automobiles and rapid growth of Industrial establishments post-industrial revolution era has contributed to the tremendous rise of pollution. The oxides of carbon, sulphur and nitrogen emission from vehicle exhaust and in the industrial process due to incomplete combustion of carbon compounds cause serious air pollution with other lethal gases release. The effluents from the industry that are toxic are released in the environment causing air pollution, noise pollution has become everyday routine with non-stop working of machinery and equipment, horns of car and engines harmful to people working around, establishments have caused deforestation leading to soil pollution.
Aerosols having carbon and fluorine compounds are chiefly released by _______.
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Refineries
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Automobiles
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Industries
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Jets
The propellants used for jet engine release the halogenated paraffin compounds called fluorocarbons and chlorofluorocarbons. Both of these compounds are the potent ozone-depleting substances. Refineries, automobiles and industries release the oxides of carbon, sulphur and nitrogen.
Pollutant released by jet planes is
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Fog
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Aerosol
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Smog
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Colloid
The aircraft or jet planes engine emit certain particles and gases like carbon dioxide, hydrocarbons, nitrogen oxides, lead, black carbon, aerosols etc. These are basically greenhouse gases and anthropogenic compounds which have the tendency to react among themselves and with gases present in the atmosphere. Greenhouse effect, ozone depletion activities can be related to the emission of these gases.
Knocking in a fuel is
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Tendency to spill
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Explosion of unburnt fuel-air mixture
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Late burning of fuel
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Difficult ignition of fuel in combustion chamber
Knocking refers to the sensitivity shown by the fuel such as petrol. Due to this, petrol has low pressure and temperature of ignition and tends to ignite before the actual ignition spark in the air. This has deleterious effects on the engine and poses a great risk. To prevent this, the antiknocking agents like methyl tertiary butyl ether, toluene etc. are added to the fuel. These agents increase the temperature and pressure required for ignition.