Vascular tissue - class-XII
Description: vascular tissue | |
Number of Questions: 47 | |
Created by: Vijay Palan | |
Tags: transport in plant plant tissues and anatomy plant biology biology |
Which of the following is a food synthesising tissue?
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Phloem
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Sclerenchyma
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Chlorenchyma
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Aerenchyma
- Phloem is also called as bast.
- These tissues in plants conduct foods made in the leaves to all other parts of the plant.
- Phloem is composed of various specialized cells called sieve tubes, companion cells, phloem fibers, and phloem parenchyma cells.
- Hence, Phloem is a food synthesizing tissue.
The movement of molecules in phloem is
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Unidirectional.
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Bidirectional.
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Non-directional.
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Sometimes unidirectional and sometimes bidirectional.
Phloem is responsible for transport of food and minerals. Food synthesized in photosynthetic parts is translocated to nonphotosynthetic parts through the phloem. Phloem translocates organic substances and inorganic solutes first from leaves to all other parts of the plant and storage organs. Storage organs re-export organic nutrients to those parts which require the same as newly formed leaves and fruits i.e., it is bidirectional.
In plants, water is transported through
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Xylem
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Phloem
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Stomata
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Root hair
- Xylem functions as a conducting tissue for water and minerals from roots to the stem and leaves.
- It also provides mechanical strength to the plant parts. It is composed of four different kinds of elements, namely, tracheids, vessels, xylem fibres, and xylem parenchyma.
- Hence In plants, water is transported through Xylem.
- So, the correct answer is 'Xylem'.
The number of division with the plants having vascular
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$4$
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$2$
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$1$
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$3$
Minerals are absorbed by plants:
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In colloidal form
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In Ionic form
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In precipitated form
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None of these
Minerals are absorbed by plants - (B) In Ionic form.
Which one develops from endodermis?
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Nervous system, urinary bladder and eye
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Liver, connective tissue and heart
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Thymus , spinal cord and brain
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None of these
- The endodermis is the boundary between the cortex and the stele. In many seedless vascular plants, the endodermis is a distinctly visible layer of cells immediately outside the vascular cylinder (stele) in roots and shoots.
- Hence endodermis is present in plants but not in animals.
- So, the correct answer is 'None of these'.
In higher plants, transport of food material occurs through ______________.
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Companion cells
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Sieve elements
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Tracheids
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Transfusion tissue
The food manufactured in the leaves is translocated upwards and downwards. And to all the parts of the plant through its phloem. The phloem conducts some other substances like amino acids. The conducting cells of the phloem are cylindrical cells known as sieve tubes. These partitions are known as sieve plates. Sieve elements are the food conducting cells of many phloem tissues. Sieve elements in angiosperms are the sieve tubes, while in gymnosperms and pteridophytes, these are sieve cells.
So, the correct answer is option B.
In plants, phloem tissues perform the function of
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Conduction of water
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Conduction of food
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Photosynthesis
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Mechanical suppor
In plants, phloem tissues perform the function of conduction of food.
Leaf mesophyll is included in?
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Epidermal tissue system
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Ground tissue system
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Vascular tissue system
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Bark
Function of phloem in the plant is____________
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Transport of water
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Transport of food
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Photosynthesis
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Growth
- Phloem is the vascular tissue responsible for the transport of sugars from source tissues (e.g., photosynthetic leaf cells) to sink tissues (e.g., non-photosynthetic root cells or developing flowers).
- Other molecules such as proteins and mRNAs are also transported throughout the plant via phloem. Phloem is composed of several cell types including sclerenchyma, parenchyma, sieve elements and companion cells.
- The sieve element and companion cell are found closely associated with each other in what is referred to as the sieve element/companion cell complex. One or more companion cells may be associated with a single sieve element.
In plants, food is transported through_____________
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Phloem parenchyma
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Xylem parenchyma
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Xylem
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Phloem
In-plant food is transported through the phloem.
Food substances travel up and down through
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Xylem
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Phloem
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Both A and B
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None of the above
Xylem is a type of vascular tissue in plants that transports water and solutes from the roots to the leaves. Phloem is the vascular tissue in plants which conducts sugars and other metabolic products (food) upward and downwards from the leaves.
Thus, the correct answer is option B.
In autotrophs, water is transported by means of__________________
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Xylem
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Phloem
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Stomata
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Roots
- Vascular tissues make up the organs that transport water, minerals, and food throughout the plant. Vascular tissue can be divided into two functional units. Xylem transports water and minerals from root to shoot.
- Phloem transports nutrients (such as sugar and amino acids) from leaves and other production sites to roots, flowers, stems, and other tissues.
Movement of food, water, etc is known as
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Motion
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Transportation
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Translocation
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None of the above
Phloem transports synthesized food from the leaves to the rest of the plant body. The transport of water, nutrients, and other substances from one part of a plant to another is called as translocation. The medium of transport in plants is water.
A vascular tissue in land plants primarily responsible for the distribution of sugars and nutrients manufactured in the shoot is
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Xylem
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Phloem
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Parenchyma
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None of the above
Xylem conducts water and minerals to different parts of the body which can be used for photosynthetic reaction and for several metabolic processes.
Phloem is responsible for transporting sugars, proteins and other organic molecules in plants. It is a vascular tissue in land plants primarily responsible for the distribution of sugars and nutrients manufactures in the shoot.
Phloem tissue is responsible for
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Translocation
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Transportation
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Evaporation
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None of the above
Phloem tissue is responsible for translocation, which is the transport of soluble organic substances, e.g., sugar. The substances travel along sieve elements, but other types of cells are also present: the companion cells, parenchyma cells, and fibres.
Food is transported in leaves with the help of
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Tracheids
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Phloem
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Xylem
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Water
The food manufactured in the leaves is translocated upwards, downwards and laterally to all parts of the plant through the phloem. The phloem also conducts some other substances such as amino acids. The conducting cells of the phloem are cylindrical cells called sieve tubes, which have sieve like partitions at both ends. These partitions are called as sieve plates.
The movement in phloem is______
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Uni-directional
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Bi-directional
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Multi-directional
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A and C
Phloem is responsible for transport of food and minerals. Food synthesized in photosynthetic parts is translocated to non-photosynthetic parts through phloem. Food is transported in multi-directional fashion.
The xylem in plants are responsible for
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Transport of water
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Transport of food
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Transport of amino acids
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Transport of oxygen
Xylem tissues include tracheids, vessels, fibres and parenchyma and serve in the ascent of sap/water and minerals. Phloem tissues is a composed of four elements namely, sieve elements, companion cell, phloem fibres and phloem parenchyma and serve in translocation of organic nutrients. Transfer RNA (tRNA) serve as carrier RNA and transports amino acids from cell pool to the mRNA bound to the ribosome where the protein is being synthesized. Haemoglobin molecule contains four polypeptide chains and four heme prosthetic groups. It serves as a carrier of oxygen gas.
Phloem is a type of
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Connective tissue
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Vascular tissue
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Epidermal tissue
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All of the above
Phloem is a vascular tissue in land plants primarily responsible for the distribution of sugars and nutrients manufactured in the leaves of the plants by the process of photosynthesis.
Phloem tissue is responsible for __________
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Translocation
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Transportation
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Evaporation
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None of these
Phloem tissue is responsible for translocation, which is the transport of soluble organic substances, for example, sugar. The substances travel along sieve elements, but other types of cells are also present: the companion cells, parenchyma cells, and fibers.
Match the following and choose the correct combination
(A) Endodermis (1) Companion cells
(B) Stomata (2) Lenticels
(C) Sieve tube (3) Palisade cells
(D) Periderm (4) Passage cells
(E) Mesophyll (5) Accessory cells
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A- 4, B - 5, C - 2, D - 1, E - 3
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A- 5, B - 3, C - I, D - 2, E - 4
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A - 4, B - 5, C - I, D - 2, E - 3
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A - 2, B - 5, C - 3, D - 4, E- 1
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A - 4, B - 2, C - 5, D - 3, E - 1
a) Passage cells often occur in the endodermis.
b) Stomata are cells in the epidermis of leaves. It is also called accessory or subsidiary cells.
c) Sieve tubes are related to companion cells and both are portions of plant phloem.
d) Lenticels are spongy openings in the periderm. It helps in gaseous exchange.
e) Mesophyll of a leaf comprises palisade cells that work in the absorption of light for photosynthesis.
Thus the answer is matching "A−4, B−5, C−1, D−2, E−3".
The correct option is C.
Which of the following elements of the phloem is responsible for conducting sugar?
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Companion cells
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Parenchyma cells
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Sieve tube
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None of the above
The sieve tubes are the conducting vessels in the phloem tissue. These are the long tube like cells which have perforated transverse plates. These are the cells which are responsible for the conduction of food. The sucrose is the main sugar which is the form of carbohydrate stored in the plants. The sugar is transported through the phloem vessels from the source end (leaves) to sink end (roots).
When strong wind blows, the plants bend down and then again become erect. This flexibility in plants is due to _____________.
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Sclerenchyma
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Parenchyma
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Collenchyma
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Chlorenchyma
Collenchyma tissue is elastic, extensible and have capacity to expand.
Which of the following is done during ringing experiment
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Bark is removed
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Pith is removed
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Xylem is removed
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All of these
In ringing experiment, the bark ring is scraped away which also removes the phloem causing xylem exposure. In this experiment, sugar moves downwards in the stem but the movement is stopped by the ring. As as result sugar bulge forms above the ring. This suggest that sugar transports down in the stem in the phloem.
Which one dies first when a ring of bark is removed?
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Shoot
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Root
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None
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Both shoot and root die simultaneously
The loss of which will harm the tree most
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Bark
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Half the leaves
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Half the branches
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All the leaves
Loading of phloem means
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Elongation of phloem cells
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Separation of phloem parenchyma
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Strengthening of phloem fibres
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Pouring of sugar into phloem
Loading of phloem is a process of loading carbon into the phloem for transport to different sinks in a plant. Sinks include metabolism, growth, storage and other processes or organ that need carbon solutes to persist.
Radioactive tracer studies with $^{14}$C have shown that
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Phloem transports organic nutrients
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Phloem transports inorganic nutrients
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Xylem transports inorganic nutrients
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Xylem transports organic nutrients
The radioactive tracer is a chemical compound used to determine the atoms and molecules by the virtue of radioactive decay. The age of a tree, transportation of solute through phloem etc is seen through the use of radioactive of carbon.
End walls of tracheids and Vessels respectively are
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Pitted and perforated
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Perforated and pitted
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Both perforated
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Both pitted
Tracheids and vessels both have pits but vessels have an opening which connects single individual vessel elements to form a single tube. These end openings are called perforation plates. Tracheids are imperforate, have pit pairs on common walls.
A column of water within xylem vessels of tall trees does not break under its weight because of
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Dissolved sugar in water
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Tensile strength of water
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Lignification of xylem vessels
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Positive root pressure
Positive root pressure pushes up the water.
Which of the following statement is true?
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Vessels are multicellular with wide lumen.
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Tracheids are multicellular with narrow lumen.
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Vessels are unicellular with narrow lumen.
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Trachieds are unicellular with wide lumen.
Vessels are multicellular with wide lumen. They are made up of vessel elements lying one above the other. The wall of vessels is hard but not thick having wide lumen. Whereas tracheids are unicellular with narrow lumen.
Radial conduction of water and food material in the woody stems is the functions of.
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Endodermis
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Xylem fibres
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Vessels
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Vascular rays
Epidermis is specialised for.
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Respiration
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Absorption
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Protection
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All the above
Unidirectional flow of water, minerals, some organic nitrogen and hormones occurs through
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Xylem
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Phloem
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Root
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Vascular tissue
Ringing/girdling experiments demonstrate
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Phloem is responsible for translocation of food
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Xylem is responsible for ascent of sap
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Transpiration pull
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Both A and B
Ringing/Girdling experiments demonstrate that phloem is responsible for translocation of food because phloem is present outside to xylem so when a ring of bark is removed from a woody plant, the woody xylem part remains intact, water and nutrient reaches the leaves. After the preparation of the photosynthate, it is not transported to other parts below the girdle since the phloem part is removed. This experiment shows that the phloem tissue aids food transport.
State an incorrect statement w.r.t. phloem transport
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Translocation is variable so transport is unidirectional
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Translocation of sucrose and water occurs through companion cells only
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Phloem sap is slightly alkaline
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Phloem is cutout to prove its role in translocation during girdling experiment
Xylem flow is unidirectional and phloem flow is bidirectional because xylem transport water from soil to leaves and phloem transfers the food.
Plant transfers glucose in the form of sucrose in order to
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Increase energy storage
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Provide efficient energy transfer
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Remove it in between reactions
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All of the above
Starch and sucrose are more efficient forms in which the energy can be stored when compared to glucose. The starch is not soluble in water. Hence, the sucrose which is soluble in water is the form which is used for transport. This structural form increases the efficient energy transfer. Sucrose is not as reactive as glucose. This helps to prevent the chemical reactions which can convert the sucrose while transport.
In which season, sugar in the leaves will be readily consumed?
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Autumn
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Spring
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Winter
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None of the above
Spring is considered as the flowering season. This is the period when there is growth of the floral buds which are formed at the apex of the vegetative shoots. Generally, there is a flow of sugar from the source (leaves) to sink end (roots). Due to the increase in the activity in the apex regions of the plant, there is consumption of food in the leaves. Hence, the food to the flower buds is supplied by the roots.
Phloem parenchyma acts like
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Transfer cells
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Packaging material
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Conducting cells
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Both A and B
Identify the transfer cell of phloem.
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Companion cells
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Sieve tube
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Phloem fibres
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Phloem parenchyma
The parenchyma cells in the phloem tissue are known as phloem parenchyma. There are different types of phloem parenchyma cells, companion cells, albuminous and other parenchyma cells. The transfer cells are a type of companion cells. These are the cells which have folded cell wall surface. This helps to increase the transfer of the sugar in the lateral sides. They also help in scavenging the solutes which require ATP to move across the membranes.
Sugar molecules are moved into sieve elements through
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Passive transport
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Active transport
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Osmosis
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None of the above
The sugar molecules are transported by the conducting cells in the phloem tissue in the form of sucrose. These sugar molecules are transported from the source end to the sink end. The source end is the region where the sugar is present in high concentrations. The sugar needs to be moved in the sieve elements in the source end by the process of sieve elements. Energy needs to be spent to move the sugar molecules in the form of ATP. The sugar molecules are transported through osmosis and removed from the sieve cells in the sink end by active transport.
Phloem transports sugar in the form of
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Glucose
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Sucrose
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Cellulose
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Starch
Sugars are synthesized as glucose and fructose, translocated as sucrose and stored as starch for long-term storage in plants. Translocation of organic nutrients from the region of source or supply to the region of utilization is mostly in the form of sucrose. Sucrose is water soluble and more efficient in energy storage as compared to the glucose and fructose as well as glucose is more reactive and hence, phloem transports sugar in the form of sucrose.
Food is transported to different parts of plant through
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Xylem
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Phloem
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Pith
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Cortex
In plant transport system no heart, no blood, and no other circulatory system, but plants do need a transport system to move food, water, and minerals around. They use two different systems then xylem moves water and solutes from the roots to the leaves and phloem moves food substances from leaves to the rest of the plant, then phloem is the transporting system of food to the plants.
Choose the correct answers from the alternatives given.
Which of the following tissues transports water and nutrients within the plant?
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Epidermal tissue
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Ground tissue
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Meristem
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Vascular tissue
Xylem is the chief water and nutrients conducting tissues of the plants. These xylem tissues form the part of vascular tissues. These conduct water and nutrients from the roots to the top of the plants i.e. to the stem and the leaves. Along with acting as a conducting tissue, xylem also provides the mechanical strength to the plant parts.
The phenomenon of osmosis is involved in the diffusion of water from
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One cell to another
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Soil to root
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Xylem vessel to xylem vessel
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None of the above
Osmosis is the process of flow of fluid from higher to lower concentration through the semi-permeable membrane. The wall of xylem vessels behaves as the semi-permeable membrane so diffusion of water from one xylem vessel to another xylem vessel can be called the phenomenon of osmosis.
........ conducts water and ions whereas ........ conducts food.
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Phloem; xylem
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Xylem; phloem
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Cambium; phloem
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Xylem; cambium