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Pollution - types and sources - class-IX

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Which one of the following will not help in containing air pollution?

  1. Conservation of forests

  2. Expansion of agriculture

  3. Reducing vehicular emission

  4. Use of non-conventional sources of energy


Correct Option: B

Which one of the following causes air pollution?

  1. Carbon dioxide

  2. Ozone

  3. Oxygen

  4. Nitrogen


Correct Option: A

Air pollution according to origin are classified into ______________.

  1. primary pollutants

  2. secondary pollutants

  3. tertiary pollutants

  4. only A and B


Correct Option: D

The major man-made sources of air pollution are ____________.

  1. automobiles and industries

  2. burning of garbage

  3. brick kilns

  4. all of the above


Correct Option: D

Which vehicle does not pollute the environment _________.

  1. cycle

  2. bus

  3. airplane

  4. car


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Bus,car and airplane run on fuels derived from petroleum and when they burn to generate power to drive vehicles they produce poisonous gases which cause air pollution 

Melting of glaciers and flooding of deltas are due to _________.

  1. Air pollution

  2. Water pollution

  3. Noise pollution

  4. None of these


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The dramatic melting of the world’s mountain glaciers – from the Alps to the Himalayas – is mostly the result of man-made global warming rather than natural variability in the climate, a study has found.An assessment of about 200,000 glaciers in the world, some of which have been monitored since the mid 19th century, has found that about two thirds of the current rate of glacial melting is due to human influences on the climate

Greenhouse effect is caused due to ___________.

  1. noise pollution

  2. air pollution

  3. water pollution

  4. none of these


Correct Option: B

Air pollution causes damage to human health either in _____ or _______.

  1. short term, long term

  2. short term

  3. extended term

  4. none of these


Correct Option: A

The gas responsible for Bhopal Gas Tragedy is ________.

  1. Methyl isocyanate

  2. Ammonia

  3. Hydrochloric acid

  4. None of these


Correct Option: A

Global warming is the phenomenon arising due to air pollution causing damage to ______.

  1. Environment

  2. Earth

  3. Human health

  4. All of these


Correct Option: A

Winter and night time temperature rise more than those of summers and day time, this is the __________.

  1. Environmental effect of air pollution.

  2. Environmental effect of noise pollution.

  3. Environmental effect of soil pollution.

  4. Environmental effect of water pollution.


Correct Option: A

Which fuel should be used to control Pollution ?

  1. Natural gas

  2. Petrol

  3. Diesel

  4. Kerosene


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Natural gas is a versatile, clean-burning, and efficient fuel that is used in a wide variety of applications. It can be used in the form of compressed natural gas (CNG) or liquefied natural gas (LNG) to fuel cars and trucks.  Natural gas as a vehicle fuel is much cheaper and environmentally cleaner than petroleum products.

What is the full form of LPG?

  1. Liquid plain gas

  2. Liquefied petroleum gas

  3. Light petrol gas

  4. Liquefied plain gas


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

LPG or Liquefied Petroleum Gas is basically used in households as a fuel for cooking.

Which place in India suffer from heaviest air pollution due to dust and smoke of the factories?

  1. Mumbai

  2. Delhi

  3. Kanpur

  4. Allahabad


Correct Option: C

The pollutants that are emitted directly from the sources and are found in the atmosphere in the form in which they are emitted are known as______________.

  1. primary pollutants

  2. secondary pollutants

  3. tertiary pollutants

  4. none of the above


Correct Option: A

According to the state of matter air pollutants are classified into how many types?

  1. 2

  2. 3

  3. 4

  4. 5


Correct Option: A

Gasoline fuel, motor vehicles fuels, burning of wood and coal, solid waste disposal leads to which air pollutant?

  1. Carbon Monoxide

  2. Nitrogen Oxides

  3. Sulphur Oxides

  4. Hydrocarbons


Correct Option: A

In terms of pollution SPM represents ___________________.

  1. Suspended Pollution Matter

  2. Suspended Particulate Matter

  3. Solid Pollution Matter

  4. Solid Particulate Matter


Correct Option: B

In sampling investigation, to arrive at valid conclusions, we may study?

  1. Only a very small unit of a population

  2. All the units of the population

  3. Representative units of the population

  4. None of these


Correct Option: C

Best management practices for water pollution include approaches to reduce the quantity of water use and improvement in water quality. One of the water pollution control method is:

  1. using biogas

  2. use of public transport/ CNG

  3. planting more trees

  4. treatment of industrial waste water by effluent treatment plant (ETP)


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Wastewater effluent treatment is important way to control pollutants reaching in water bodies.

One of the measures of water pollution is the quantity of dissolved ________.

  1. Nitrogen

  2. Chlorine

  3. Oxygen

  4. Carbon dioxide


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

  • Dissolved oxygen is the amount of free oxygen present in water which is not bound to any other element.
  • If there is an increase in pollution rates dissolved oxygen rate drops drastically affecting aquatic life.

Adverse effects of acid rain include all of the following except:

  1. accelerated chemical weathering of building materials

  2. damage to forests and crops

  3. damage to aquatic organisms

  4. damage to septic systems


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Acid rains: when the concentrations of oxides of nitrogen and sulphur increases in the air, rain water gets mixed up with these oxides to form acid rains.

Among the given options all are apt for the effects of acid rain except that it causes damage to the septic system.

It cannot cause damage to the septic system because most of the septic systems are underground and polluting such system with acids do not cause any adverse reaction to the environment.

Accelerated chemical weathering of building materials, damage to forests and crops, damage to aquatic organisms are the immediate effects of acid rains

The process of depletion of oxygen from water bodies occurring either naturally or due to human activity is known as ____________.

  1. Eutrophication

  2. Biomagnification

  3. Both a and b

  4. None of these


Correct Option: A

The responsible chemical for bio-magnification is ___________.

  1. DDT

  2. Ammonia

  3. Ozone

  4. Green house gases


Correct Option: A

Water pollution is responsible for __________.

  1. Diarrhea

  2. Abdominal discomfort

  3. Flu

  4. All of these


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

A virus is a simple submicroscopic parasite of plants, animals, and bacteria in well water that can cause disease. It consists essentially of a core of RNA or DNA surrounded by a protein coat. Viruses are not living organisms and are unable to replicate without a host cell. Some viral infections often associated with drinking or bathing in contaminated water include:

Gastroeneritus – Causes diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, fever, and abdominal pain.

Cryptosporidiosis – Causes flu-like symptoms, diarrhea, weight loss, bloating, and nausea.

Alteration in physical, chemical or biological characteristic of water, making it unsuitable for designated use in its natural state, is ________.

  1. Water pollution

  2. Soil pollution

  3. Air pollution

  4. None of these


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Water pollution can be defined as alteration in physical, chemical or biological characteristics of water, making it unsuitable for designated best use in its natural state.  

World Health Organization (WHO) has defined water pollution as inclusion of any foreign material either from natural or other sources into a water body, thereby changing the natural qualities of water and making it unusable for its intended purpose.

The phenomenon of concentrated toxic deposition at the higher trophic level is known as _________.

  1. Biomagnification

  2. Bioaccumulation

  3. Eutrophication

  4. None of these


Correct Option: A

__________ in the water is essential for protection against dental caries and weakening of the bones, but higher levels can have an adverse effect on health.

  1. Chlorides

  2. Fluorides

  3. Cyanide

  4. Alkyl bromides


Correct Option: B

Groundwater is contaminated by ____________.

  1. Perfect Organic Pollutants

  2. Persistent Organic Pollutants

  3. Inorganic Organic Pollutants

  4. None of these


Correct Option: B

Which one of the following is not a disease spread through contaminated water?

  1. Malaria

  2. Cholera

  3. Jaundice

  4. Diarrhoea


Correct Option: A

Which industry does not spread water pollution?

  1. Chemical Industry

  2. Textile Industry

  3. Paper Industry

  4. Electronic Industry


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Industrial pollution contaminates many sources of drinking water, releases unwanted toxins into the air and reduces the quality of soil all over the world. Major environmental disasters have been caused due to industrial mishaps, which have yet to be brought under control. From the given options, electronics industry does not spread water pollution.

Domestic wastewater that is mixed with other wastes such as plastic, detergents, animal dung and human faecal materials is known as ______________.

  1. industrial waste

  2. radioactive waste

  3. municipal waste

  4. none of the above


Correct Option: C

Bio-magnification ___________.

  1. means increasing the concentration of various toxic substance along food chain.

  2. means increasing the concentration of various substance along food chain.

  3. means increasing the concentration of various useful substance along food chain.

  4. means decreasing the concentration of various toxic substance along food chain.


Correct Option: A

Fresh water is contaminated by ___________.

  1. Microorganism

  2. Pathogenic microorganism

  3. Bacteria

  4. Viruses


Correct Option: B

 Primarily impacts health contributing to the rise of illnesses such as lung cancer, skin cancer and thyroid cancer.

  1. Water Pollution

  2. Radioactive Pollution

  3. Soil Pollution

  4. None of these


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Radioactive pollution primarily impacts health, contributing to the rise of illnesses such as lung cancer, skin cancer and thyroid cancer, along with birth defects and cognitive disabilities. The type and severity of effects from radioactive pollution vary, depending on the quantity of pollution and amount of exposure. Long-term exposure might cause an increase in the number of genetic birth defects and mutations in a population, while acute exposure poses health risks, such as higher incidences of cancer within a population.

Genetic birth defects is the main effect of ___________.

  1. Radioactive Pollution

  2. Soil Pollution

  3. Water Pollution

  4. None of these


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The type and severity of effects from radioactive pollution vary, depending on the quantity of pollution and amount of exposure. Long-term exposure might cause an increase in the number of genetic birth defects and mutations in a population, while acute exposure poses health risks, such as higher incidences of cancer within a population.

All of the following are examples of low-level radioactive waste except :

  1. spent fuel rods

  2. contaminated reactor water

  3. contaminated cleaning equipment

  4. contaminated clothing


Correct Option: A

Why is it preferred to make sanitoria for T.B. patients in the hill stations?

  1. Air in the hills is rarified

  2. The climate of the hills is constant throughout the year

  3. Atmosphere of the hills is free from pollution

  4. There is less noise in the hills


Correct Option: C

By avoiding the use of vehicle horns we can reduce __________ pollution.

  1. Water

  2. Environment

  3. Air

  4. Noise


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Noise is unwanted sound. A sound which has unpleasant effects and discomfort to ears is called as noise. Generally sound generated by vehicles, horns, loudspeakers, planes, construction etc. are reasons of noise pollution.

Effects of noise pollution on environment include _________.

  1. Cracks in national monuments

  2. Cracks in archaeological monuments

  3. Cracks in hills

  4. All of these


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

The effect caused by industries, railways, explosions, and commotion in the cities, aircraft, etc., can be felt on animals and birds. Noise emissions caused by supersonic aircraft, railway noise emissions etc may cause miscarriage in mammals, fishes, and birds.

Intense noise levels also affect non-living things too. The sonic booms cause cracks in national and archaeological monuments, as well as very high levels of noise, are the cause of cracks in hills. High-intensity explosions can break glass panes and vibrations in buildings.

Interference in communication and sleep are the causes of _____.

  1. Soil pollution

  2. Water pollution

  3. Noise pollution

  4. Air pollution


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Noise pollution affects both health and behavior. Unwanted sound (noise) can damage psychological health. Noise pollution can cause hypertension, high stress levels, tinnitus, hearing loss, sleep disturbances, and other harmful effects.

Sound becomes unwanted when it either interferes with normal activities such as sleeping, conversation, or disrupts or diminishes one's quality of life.

Mental or physiological effects are the cause of __________.

  1. Air pollution

  2. Soil pollution

  3. Noise pollution

  4. None of these


Correct Option: C

Hearing inability or deafness is causes due to ___________.

  1. Noise pollution

  2. Soil pollution

  3. Water pollution

  4. Air pollution


Correct Option: A

__________ is an unwanted sound that is an irritant and source of stress.

  1. Soil pollution

  2. Water pollution

  3. Noise pollution

  4. None of these


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Noise can be defined as an unpleasant and unwanted sound. Noise pollution affects both health and behavior. Unwanted sound (noise) can damage psychological health. Noise pollution can cause hypertension, high stress levels, tinnitus, hearing loss, sleep disturbances, and other harmful effects.

Sound becomes unwanted when it either interferes with normal activities such as sleeping, conversation, or disrupts or diminishes one's quality of life

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