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Earth's energy budget - class-VIII

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Water evaporates into air from oceans, rivers and lakes but not from the soil.

  1. True

  2. False


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Soil also contains water, so evaporation also takes place from the soil.

Which of the following process in the water cycle takes place due to rapid cooling of air?

  1. Condensation

  2. Evaporation

  3. Precipitation

  4. None of the above


Correct Option: A

Identify the correct sequence of stages in the water cycle.

  1. Evaporation, condensation, precipitation

  2. Condensation, precipitation, evaporation

  3. Evaporation, precipitation, condensation

  4. Precipitation, evaporation, condensation


Correct Option: A
Explanation:
Answer is option A i.e. "Evaporation, condensation, precipitation"
There are 3 main stages involved in water cycle i.e. evaporation, condensation, precipitation and runoff. The water cycle starts with evaporation followed by condensation where water vapor converts int liquid water and finally precipitation where liquid water falls from sky in form of rains, snow, hail, etc.

Which of the following is an advantage of occurrence of the water cycle? 

  1. Recharging of ground water

  2. Recharging of water bodies

  3. Sufficient rainfall

  4. All of the above


Correct Option: D

Which of the following process is responsible for the smoke-like vapour which comes out of the mouth in winter?

  1. Precipitation

  2. Evaporation

  3. Condensation

  4. None of the above


Correct Option: C
Explanation:
  • When you exhale when it's cold outside, the water vapour in your breath condenses into lots of tiny droplets of liquid water and ice (solid water) that you can see in the air as a cloud, similar to fog which appears smoke like. This process is called condensation.
  • Hence Condensation process is responsible for the smoke-like vapour which comes out of the mouth in winter.
  • So, the correct answer is 'Condensation'.

The water vapour which enters into air to form clouds in the sky are obtained by which of the following process?

  1. Condensation

  2. Evaporation

  3. Precipitation

  4. None of the above


Correct Option: B
Explanation:
  • Evaporation is a type of vaporization that occurs on the surface of a liquid as it changes into the gas phase.
  • By the process of evaporation, the water vapour enters into the air to form clouds in the sky. 
  • The water vapour in the air condenses to form tiny water droplets which are the basis of clouds.
  • Hence the process by which water vapour enters into the air to form clouds in the sky is Evaporation.
  • So, the correct answer is 'Evaporation'.

Fog that most often forms as warm rain falls into a cold layer of surface air is called:

  1. Radiation fog

  2. Evaporation (mixing) fog

  3. Advection fog

  4. Upslope fog


Correct Option: B

When water changes from a liquid to a vapor, we call this process:

  1. Freezing

  2. Condensation

  3. Sublimation

  4. Evaporation


Correct Option: D

The processes of condensation and freezing:

  1. Both release sensible heat into the environment

  2. Both absorb sensible heat from the environment

  3. Do not affect the temperature of their surroundings

  4. Do not involve energy transport


Correct Option: A

Evaporation is a _____________ process.

  1. Cooling

  2. Heating

  3. Can't tell - it depends on the temperature

  4. Both a and c


Correct Option: A

When the air temperature is below freezing, the saturation vapor pressure over water is.

  1. Equal to zero

  2. Less than the saturation vapor pressure over ice

  3. Greater than the saturation vapor pressure over ice

  4. Equal to the saturation vapor pressure over ice


Correct Option: C

What would be temperature of gaseous hydrocarbon in condensation?

  1. Higher temperature

  2. Lower temperature

  3. Normal temperature

  4. Extremely high temperature


Correct Option: B

What dissolved gases in atmosphere during water falling?

  1. Evapo-transpiration

  2. Condensation

  3. Precipitation

  4. Transpiration


Correct Option: C

The opposite of evaporation is

  1. Transpiration

  2. Condensation

  3. Precipitation

  4. Freezing


Correct Option: B

The continuous process by which water moves from form to another is called as

  1. Condensation

  2. Water cycle

  3. Nutrient cycle

  4. None of the above


Correct Option: B

A glass of water with some pieces of ice in it, after some time, small drops of water forms on the outer surface of the glass. This process is called as

  1. Evaporation

  2. Precipetation

  3. Condensation

  4. None of the above


Correct Option: C

Drying of wet clothes is done by the process of condensation.

  1. True

  2. False


Correct Option: B

The rate of evaporation depends on

  1. Temperature

  2. Volume of water

  3. Wind movement

  4. All of the above


Correct Option: A

Water cycle refers to

  1. Scientific management of water in areas excessively plagued with water logging.

  2. Constant movement of water from ocean to land and back to ocean again

  3. An integrated attempt to recycle water in relatively arid regions

  4. Planning of water distribution in relatively dry areas.


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Water cycle refers to constant movement of water from ocean to land and back to ocean again.It happen when water changes from water vapor in the atmosphere to liquid water through condensation and precipitation and falls on land and via channels and river flows back to ocean and then back to water vapor through evaporation, transpiration, and respiration. 

so, the correct option is B. ( Constant movement of water from ocean to land and back to ocean again )

Condensation nuclei may be:

  1. Particles of dust

  2. Nitric acid particles

  3. Smoke from forest fires

  4. All of these


Correct Option: D

The total mass of water vapor stored in the atmosphere at any moment is about ____________ of the world's supply of precipitation.

  1. 1 day

  2. 1 week

  3. 1 month

  4. 1 year


Correct Option: B

All forms of water that comes down on Earth, including rain, snow, hail etc. is known as ____________

  1. Calcification

  2. Fixation

  3. Precipitation

  4. Accumulation


Correct Option: C

What causes gases to dissolve in atmosphere?

  1. Transpiration

  2. Precipitation

  3. Condensation

  4. Filtration


Correct Option: B

Water enters atmosphere by

  1. Filtration

  2. Evaporation

  3. Evapo-transpiration

  4. Biosphere


Correct Option: B

What type of reactions occurring inside the sun produced solar energy?

  1. nuclear fusion reactions

  2. nuclear fission reactions

  3. nucleophilic substitution reactions

  4. electrophilic addition reactions


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Energy obtained by the Sun in form of heat and light is due to the nuclear reaction: fusion reaction taking place in the Sun. Hydrogen atoms collide to combine with each other to form a heavier molecule Helium, this results in release of a large amount of energy.

The main source of all types of energy on  the Earth is :

  1. Coal

  2. Moon

  3. Petroleum

  4. Sun


Correct Option: D

The Sun gives us ________ and _________ energy.

  1. sound, light

  2. heat, sound

  3. heat, light

  4. light, wind


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

The Sun gives us heat and light energy.

The ultimate source of heat on the surface of the earth is

  1. Solar energy

  2. Radiation energy

  3. Nuclear energy

  4. Inner temperature of the Earth's crust


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Ultimate sorce of energy is the Sun. Living beings depend on the Sun for its sustainability. All other other sources of energy directly or indirectly are depended on the energy recieved by the Sun.

Sun is regarded as the ultimate source of energy because

  1. It is the most readily & abundantly available free renewable source of energy

  2. The amount of solar energy received by the earth per hour is much more greater than the total energy consumed by the world each year

  3. The energy derived from different sources is directly or indirectly obtained from sun.

  4. All of the above


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Solar energy is a renewable source of energy and is available abundantly and is free of cost. The other forms of energy such as wind energy, thermal energy, chemical energy obtained from plants, etc. are all obtained from Sun. hence sun is the ultimate source of energy as all energy chains start from it.

The existence of life on Earth is primarily due to

  1. the formation of fossil fuels on Earth.

  2. the energy from the Sun.

  3. the revolution of Earth around the Sun.

  4. the evolution of species.


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Life on Earth is primarily driven by the energy from the Sun.
A small portion of the Sun's energy reaching the Earth is absorbed by green plants through the process of photosynthesis. This energy is converted into chemical energy and stored in plants. In this process, carbon dioxide and water are converted into carbohydrates. These carbohydrates are used as food by the living organisms. The human beings and animals eat this food to carry out their life activities thus converting the chemical energy into mechanical energy.

Which of the following appliances use solar energy?
a. Water heater
b. Cooker
c. Cells
d. Watches

  1. A and C

  2. A, B and C

  3. C and D

  4. All of the above


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Water heater, cooker, cells and watches all use solar energy to create electrical energy.

Choose the correct option:

  1. Energy from Sun allows us to see stars.

  2. Sun is the prime source of energy in the universe.

  3. Energy from fossil fuels is primarily derived from solar energy.

  4. Earth rotates around the Sun due to the heat energy from the Sun.


Correct Option: C
Explanation:
When light energy from stars reach Earth, they become visible.
Sun is the prime source of energy in solar system only.
Fossil fuels are derived from the decomposition of plants and animals buried under the Earth millions of years ago. Since these organic bodies were based on Sun, energy from the fossil fuels is primarily derived from the Sun.
Earth rotates around the Sun due to the gravitational force between two masses.

The main source of all types of energy on the Earth is :

  1. coal

  2. moon

  3. petrolium

  4. sun


Correct Option: D

Which is the ultimate source of energy?

  1. Water

  2. Sun

  3. Uranium

  4. Fossil fuels


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Sun is the ultimate source of energy as all other forms are some how related to it .

Energy from various sources is considered to have been derived from the :

  1. Moon

  2. Solar system

  3. Sun

  4. Stars


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Sun is the source of almost all the energies in our Earth. Plants make food using sunlight, the food that we get from plants and animals also has its prime source as sunlight. The fossil fuels that we use in our daily life comes from dead plants and animals which again have their source as solar energy. The wind that blows is due to heat absorbed by the atmosphere from the sunlight.

The main source of heat is

  1. The sun

  2. The stars (Excluding the sun)

  3. The interior of the earth

  4. Chemical reactions

  5. Electricity


Correct Option: A
Explanation:
Most of the heat energy available on the earth surface comes from the Sun in the form of electromagnetic radiation. 
Sun is the main source of heat on the earth.
Option A

The temperature of core of the sun is in the range of

  1. ${1,56,000}^{o}C$

  2. ${15,60,000}K$

  3. ${15,60,000}^{o}C$

  4. $1,56,00,000K$


Correct Option: D

Sun produces heat and light energy by

  1. nuclear fusion of hydrogen atoms into helium atoms

  2. nuclear fission of ${H} _{2}$ atoms into helium atoms

  3. nuclear fission of $He$ atoms into ${H} _{2}$ atoms

  4. nuclear fusion of $He$ atoms into ${H} _{2}$ atoms


Correct Option: B

Sun contains more than __________ of the total mass of the solar system.

  1. $90$%

  2. $65$%

  3. $46$%

  4. $99.8$%


Correct Option: D

Sun loses approximately a weight of ________ every second which is the amount of ${H} _{2}$ gas that the sun turns into energy.

  1. $4$ lakh million tons

  2. $4$ million tons

  3. $4$ lakh tons

  4. $40$ lakh tons


Correct Option: B

The correct order of spatial location of different layer of sun are

  1. core-radiative zone-convective zone-photosphere-chromosphere-transition region

  2. core-convective zone-chromosphere-photosphere-radiative zone

  3. core-convective zone-photosphere-chromosphere-convective zone-radiative zone

  4. core-radiative zone-convective zone-chromosphere-convective zone-photosphere


Correct Option: A


Most of the sources of energy we use represent stored solar energy. Which of the following is not ultimately derived from the Sun's energy?

  1. Geothermal energy

  2. Wind Energy

  3. Nuclear energy

  4. BioMass


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Nuclear energy is not ultimately derived from the Sun's energy as uses radioactive substances to produce energy.

The sun radiates electromagnetic energy at the rate of $3.9 \times 10^{26}W$. Its radius is $6.96\times 10^8m$.The intensity of sun light at the solar surface will be $-(in \, W/m^2)$

  1. $1.4 \times 10^4$

  2. $2.8 \times 10^5$

  3. $4.2 \times 10^6$

  4. $5.6 \times 10^7$


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

$I=\frac { P }{ { 4\pi { R^{ 2 } } } } =\frac { { 3.9\times { { 10 }^{ 26 } } } }{ { 4\times 3.14\times { { \left( { 6.96\times { { 10 }^{ 8 } } } \right)  }^{ 2 } } } } =5.6\times { 10^{ 7 } }w/{ m^{ 2 } }$

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