Rice is the cereals that have largest production in India.

Agro-processing could be defined as a set of activities carried out for conservation and handling of agricultural produce and to make it usable as food, feed, fibre, fuel or industrial raw material.

Hence, the scope of the agro-processing industry encompasses all operations from the stage of harvest until the material reaches the end users in the desired form, packaging, quantity, quality and price.

The focus is not just on sale and consumption but overarching from harvest to sale.

Cotton is not a food crop and Maize ,Bajra ,Paddy ,Wheat are food crop.

Cotton is not a food grain and Wheat ,Rice,Maize ,Jowar are food grain.

Jowar is the third most important food crop with respect to area and production. It is a rain-fed crop mostly grown in the moist areas which hardly needs irrigation. Maharashtra is the largest producer of jowar followed by Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh and Madhya Pradesh. 

Our country is the second largest producer of rice in the world after China. It is a kharif crop which requires high temperature, (above 25°C) and high humidity with annual rainfall above 100 cm. 

• Agriculture depends on growing periods that are seasonal in itself. India has three cropping seasons — rabi, kharif and zaid. 
  
• Rabi crops are sown in winter from October to December and harvested in summer from April to June. 
  
• Kharif crops are grown with the onset of monsoon in different parts of the country and these are harvested in September-October. 
  
• In between the rabi and the kharif seasons, there is a short season during the summer months known as the Zaid season.
  

Rice is the most important staple food crop of India, which feeds more than half of our population. It accounts for one-third production of foodgrains in the country. Rice, an indigenous crop is grown all over the country with highest concentration in North-eastern and southern parts of the country.

Soybean is a light coloured oval bean raised as a kharif crop. It is sown in the month of June. It has high protein content. The most important soybean producing area lies in Madhya Pradesh.

Basmati rice is long, slender aromatic rice basically from Indian subcontinent. During 2015-16, export of non-basmati and Basmati rice has been assumed to be 8.0 million and 4 million tonnes respectively.

Ragi (Finger millet) is very rich in iron, calcium and other micronutrients and roughage.

India contributes 22% of rice production in the world. Our country is the second largest producer of rice in the world after China. 

• Rice is the important staple food crop of India which feeds more than half of our population.
  
• India is next to China in the world in the production of rice
  
• Rice is grown in approximately 34% of the overall cropped area of the country.
  
• Rice production comprises 42% of the overall food crop production in the country.
  

Of all the cereals produced in India, rice has the largest production. It is a part of staple diet of more than half of the Indians.

Crops                              Geographical conditionsal

Operation Flood was started by Dr. Verghese Kurien in India, to increase milk production and milk products in a large scale. This is also known as white revolution.

1. Plantation crops are grown on large lands
2. Mono cropping or single crop is grown on larger areas.
   
3. Plantation crops are commercially viable crops

China producers the world's largest amount of rice. Rice production needs an intensive labour. Rice plant is grown in wet lands. It is llanted in february to april and harvested in june july. It contributes to the 34% in total rice output.

Paddy, also called rice paddy, small, level, flooded field used to cultivate rice in southern and eastern Asia. Wet-rice cultivation is the most prevalent method of farming in the Far East, where it utilizes a small fraction of the total land yet feeds the majority of the rural population.

'Sorghum vulgare' is the scientific name of Jowar

The Indian cropping season is classified into two main seasons- (i) Kharif and (ii) Rabi based on the monsoon. The kharif cropping season is from July –October during the south-west monsoon and the Rabi cropping season is from October-March (winter).

These are all kharif crops. Khrif season is also known as south west monsoon season. These are grown in monsoon and harvest in september- october. More important kharif crops are bajra, maize, paddy etc.

Rabi crops are sown in winter from october to december and harvested in summer from april to june while khrarif crops are grown in monsoon and harvested in september to october.

The Maharashtra Government has introduced a new scheme to help the landless labourers among the Scheduled Castes (SCs) to acquire agricultural land. The landless among the SCs can now purchase four acres of rainfed agricultural land or two acres of irrigated land by paying only 5% of the cost. The rest up to Rs 8 lakh will be borne by the state government. This is a modified scheme as the earlier Dadasaheb Gaikwad empowerment of scheduled caste landless labourers scheme was providing 50% subsidy and was found inadequate and benefited only about five thousand landless labourers from SCs in the State so far. 

In some states like Bihar maize is grown in rabi season also. Use of modern inputs such as HYV seeds, fertilizers and irrigation have contributed to the increased production of maize. Other major maize-producing states are Karnataka, Uttar Pradesh, Andhra Pradesh and Madhya Pradesh. 

Co-operative farming implies pooling together of the scattered and uneconomic holdings of land and their joint management. There are four types of cooperative farming societies which are described in the following paragraphs. They are: (1) better farming society, (2) tenant farming society, (3) joint farming society, and (4) collective farming society.

Its features include: 

• Each member-farmer remains the owner of his land individually.
  
• But farming is done jointly.
  
• Profit is distributed among the member-farmers in the ratio of land owned by them.
  
• All the above options except ‘D’ are applicable. There is no such rule that co operative farming is under the control of the government.
  

Indian agriculture is largely dominated by food crops which occupy 65% of the total cropped area of the country. They contribute about 50% of the total value of agricultural production. They are grown throughout the country either as a sole crop or in combination with other crops.

• India is the largest producer as well as the consumer of pulses in the world and accounts for about one-fifth of the total production of pulses in the world.
  
• Madhya Pradesh is India’s largest pulse producing state, which accounts for 23% of total pulse production in the country.
  
• The top five pulse producing states are Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Uttar Pradesh, Rajasthan and Andhra Pradesh.
  

• Descending order of the largest agricultural imports of India the largest agricultural imports of India are as follows Edible vegetable oil followed by Wood and its products and then pulses.
  
• Total import of edible oils are 127.31 lakh tons in the year 2014-2015
  
• Total import of wood and wood products recorded as high as 2707.68 USD million in 2012.
  
• Though pulses are grown in large amounts in India, it had to be imported due to population demands. Production of pulses in 2012 is 175.20 million tons and its import is 16.74 million tons.
  

Madhya Pradesh outperformed all states and emerged as India’s Soy State. Madhya Pradesh has 45% share in soyabean production in the country. Hoshangabad, Indore, Betul, Ujjain and Dewas are some of the Soy districts of that state. Soya bean is also called Golden bean which is a species of legume.

In India wheat is mostly grown in the Great Plains during the cold weather season. The winter rain occurring in northern India is beneficial for this crop. It occurs due to western cyclonic disturbances over the Mediterranean sea.

• Slash and Burn farming is a type of agriculture where the forest trees are cut and burned by farmers to create favorable soil and conditions for crop cultivation.
  
• After 2 to 3 years, the land is left fallow due to its reduced fertility and farmers move to new regions and continue slash and burn farming.
• It is also known as Shifting cultivation.