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Series - class-X

Description: series
Number of Questions: 44
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Tags: binomial theorem, sequence and series sequence, progression and series sequences and series numbers and sequences maths
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When each term of a sequence is connected using $a +$ or $a -$ sign, then it is referred to as the _____ of numbers.

  1. Series

  2. Progression

  3. Arithmetic Progression

  4. Geometric Prpgression


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

When each term of a sequence is connected using a $+$ or a $-$ sign, then it is referred to as the series of numbers. For example, $2 + 5 + 8 + 11 + 15 + 18 + ....$ is a series of numbers. Thus the correct answer is '$a$'.

In following symbol series, some of the symbols are missing which are given in that order as one of the alternatives below it. Choose the correct alternative.

$\text{x+ _ xx _+++ _ xxx _ +++x}$

  1. $\text{x++x}$

  2. $\text{+xx+}$

  3. $\text{xxx+}$

  4. $\text{x+x+}$

  5. $\text{x+xx}$


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

The series is $\text{x++/xxx+++/ xxxx++++/x}$. Thus, the letters are repeated twice, thrice and so on.

Hence, the missing symbols are +xx+

Adding all the terms in a sequence is called

  1. sequence

  2. series

  3. term

  4. constant


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Adding all the terms in a sequence is called series.
Example: 1 + 2 + 3 + 4 is a series.

$1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + 5 +.....$ is a

  1. sequence

  2. term

  3. constant

  4. series


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

$1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + 5 +.....$ is a series.
As sum of all numbers in some set is called as a series.

A sum of an infinite sequence it is called a

  1. term

  2. constant

  3. series

  4. sequence


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

A sum of an infinite sequence it is called a series.
Example: $2 + 4 + 6 + 8 +....$ is a series.

Identify the series.

  1. {$1, 2, 3, 4, 5$}

  2. $1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + 5$

  3. $1 \times  2 \times  3 \times  4$

  4. $2 - 4 \times  3 + 1 - 23$


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

$1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + 5$ is a series.

Rest all are not series.
Series means sum of all numbers in a set.

The sum of first $5$ odd numbers is called

  1. term

  2. constant

  3. series

  4. sequence


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

The sum of first $5$ odd numbers is called series.
Example: $1 + 3 + 5 + 7 + 9 $ is a series.

What is the next term of the series $1 + 3 + 5 + 7 +$ ___?

  1. $9$

  2. $11$

  3. $10$

  4. $8$


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Given series is $1 + 3 + 5 + 7 $ _

The next term of the series will be $9$, as the common difference is $2$.
Hence, the series is $1+3+5+7+9+$ _
.

Adding first $100$ terms in a sequence is called

  1. term

  2. series

  3. constant

  4. sequence


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Adding first $100$ terms in a sequence is called series.

Adding of numbers of some set is called as series.

A _____ is a sum of numbers.

  1. sequence

  2. series

  3. term

  4. constant


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

A series is a sum of numbers.

For example:
$1+3+9+27+....$

What is series?

  1. adding all the numbers

  2. subtracting all the numbers

  3. multiplying all the numbers

  4. dividing all the numbers


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Series is adding all the numbers or sum of all numbers.

For example: $2+4+6+8+10+....$
This is an AP series with common difference $d=2$.

Which one of the following is not a series?

  1. adding first $n$ natural numbers

  2. multiplying first $10$ odd numbers

  3. adding first $20$ even numbers

  4. adding last $20$ natural numbers


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

A series is the sum of some set of terms of a sequence.
So, multiplying first $10$ odd numbers is not a series.

As it will be equal to $1\times 3\times 5\times 7\times 9....$

$\displaystyle \frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{6}+\frac{1}{8}+....$ is a

  1. sequence

  2. series

  3. term

  4. constant


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

$\displaystyle \frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{6}+\frac{1}{8}+....$ is a series.

As it shows addition.

Adding and constant difference between the terms is called

  1. sequence

  2. constant

  3. term

  4. series


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Adding and constant difference between the terms is called series.
Example: $1 + 3 + 5 + 7 +... $
Here the common difference is $2$, adding the terms is called series.

A ______ is the sum of some set of terms of a sequence.

  1. term

  2. constant

  3. series

  4. sequence


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

A series is the sum of some set of terms of a sequence.

For example: 
$2,4,6,8,10,....$
Here it is an series of an A.P. with common difference $d=2$.

Expansion of series: $\displaystyle\sum _{n=0}^4 2n$

  1. $0+2+4+8+16$

  2. $0+2+4+6+8$

  3. $2+4+6+8+10$

  4. None of the above


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Given:  $\displaystyle\sum _{n=0}^{4} 2n$

At n=0: $2n=2 \times 0=0$
At n=1: $2n=2 \times 1=2$
At n=2: $2n=2 \times 2=4$
At n=3: $2n=2 \times 3=6$
At n=4: $2n=2 \times 4=8$
$\therefore 0+2+4+6+8$

Which of the following is not an example of a series?

  1. $1,2,3,4,5,6,...$

  2. $-2,0,2,4,6,8,...$

  3. $1,1,2,3,5,8,..$

  4. None of the above


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

$(A)$ $1,2,3,4,5,6,....$

This is a arithmetic series with common difference $d=1$

$(B)$ $-2,0,2,4,6,8,...$
This is a arithmetic series with common difference $d=2$

$(C)$ $1,1,2,3,5,8,...$
This is a Fibonacci series in which successive terms is determined by sum of 2 preceding terms.
$a _n=a _{n-1}+a _{n-2}$

Ans: None of the above

A fibonacci series is:

  1. series of numbers in which each number (Fibonacci number) is the sum of the two preceding numbers.

  2. the simplest is the series $1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8,$ etc.

  3. Both are correct

  4. None is correct


Correct Option: C
Explanation:
Sol: A Fibonacci series of numbers is in which each number is the sum of the two preceding numbers examples,
$1,1,2,3,5,8$----------

Which of the following is not a series?

  1. AP

  2. GP

  3. Fibonacci pattern

  4. None of the above


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Arithmetic progression, Geometric progression and Fibonacci pattern are all series.

A series is:

  1. A number of events, objects, or people of a similar or related kind coming one after another.

  2. Combination of terms following a particular pattern.

  3. Both A and B

  4. Non of the above


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

A series is a number of events, objects, or people of a similar or related kind coming one after another and combination of terms following a particular pattern.

Series can be defined as:

  1. a number of things or events that are arranged or happen one after the other.

  2. a set of regularly presented television shows involving the same group of characters or the same subject.

  3. set of books, articles, etc., that involve the same group of characters or the same subject.

  4. All of the above


Correct Option: D
Explanation:
Series is defined as a number of things or events that are arranged or happen one after the other. A set of regularly presented television shows involving the same group of characters or the same subject (as the number of episode in increasing by $1$ each day). Set of books, articles, etc., that involve the same group of characters or the same subject.( as the books, article have common subject).

Ans: All of the above

A divergent series:

  1. The infinite sequence of the partial sums of the series does not have a finite limit.

  2. $2+4+6+8+......$

  3. Both A and B are correct

  4. Only A is correct


Correct Option: C
Explanation:
A divergent series with infinite sequence of the partial sums of the series does not have a finite limit.
Also, $2+4+6+8+...$ is approaching to infinity.
Hence both $A$ and $B$ statements are correct.

Which of the following option will complete the given series $1,6,15,?,45,66,91$?

  1. $25$

  2. $26$

  3. $27$

  4. $28$


Correct Option: D
Explanation:
Sol :- $ 1,6,15,?,45,66,91 $
$ 1\times 1 = 1 $
$ 3\times 2 = 6 $
$ 5\times 3 = 15 $
$ 7\times 4 = 28 $
$ 9\times 5 = 45 $
$ 11\times 6 = 66 $
$ 13\times 7 = 91 $ 
Ans $ d = 28 $ 

Select the most appropriate option to identify the INCORRECT number in the series.  $3,5,13,43,176,891,5353$

  1. $5$

  2. $13$

  3. $43$

  4. $176$


Correct Option: D

If $\left| x \right| <1$ and $\left| y \right| <1$, the sum to infinity of the series $x+y,({ x }^{ 2 }+xy+{ y }^{ 2 }),({ x }^{ 3 }+{ x }^{ 2 }y+x{ y }^{ 2 }+{ y }^{ 3 }),.........$ is

  1. $\frac { x+y-xy }{ 1-x-y+xy } $

  2. $\frac { x+y+xy }{ 1-x-y+xy } $

  3. $\frac { x }{ 1-x } +\frac { y }{ 1-y } $

  4. $\frac { (x-y)(x+y-xy) }{ 1-x-y+xy } $


Correct Option: A

Sum the following series to n terms: $3+5+9+15+23+...$

  1. $\dfrac{n}{3}(n^{2}-8)$

  2. $\dfrac{n}{3}(n^{2}+8)$

  3. $\dfrac{n}{2}(n^{3}+8)$

  4. None of these


Correct Option: B
Explanation:
We have 

$3+5+9+15+23+............+T _{n-1}+T _{n}$

The difference between the successive terms are $S$ difference are in $A.P$

Let $S _{n}$ denote the sum to $n$ terms of the given series 

Then, $S _{n}=3+5+9+15+23+........+ T _{n-1}+T _{n}..... (1)$

Also $S _{n}=3+5+9+15+.......+T _{n-1}+T _{n}........ (2)$

Subtracting $(2)$ from $(1)$ we get 

$0=3+\dfrac{(n-1)}{2}[2\times 2+(n-1-1)\times 2)]$

$T _{n}=3+(n-1)(n)$

$=3+n^{2}-n=n^{2}-n+3$

$S _{n}=\displaystyle\sum _{k=1}^{n}k^{2}=\sum _{k=1}^{n}k+3\sum _{k=1}^{n}1$

$=\dfrac{n(n+1)(2n+1)}{6}-\dfrac{n(n+1)}{2}+3n$

$=\dfrac{n(n+1)(2n+1)-3n(n+1)+18n}{6}$

$=\dfrac{n}{6}[2n^{2}+3n-3n-2+18]=\dfrac{n}{6}[2n^{2}+16]$

$=\dfrac{n}{6}\times 2[n^{2}+8]=\dfrac{n}{3}[n^{2}+8]$

Hence $S _{n}=\dfrac{n}{3}(n^{2}+8)$

The sequence $1,1,1,.... $ is in

  1. A.P

  2. G.P

  3. A.P and G.P

  4. None


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

The sequence $1,1,1,....$ is in A.P whose first term $a=1 ,d=1-1=0$


The sequence $1,1,1,....$ is in G.P whose first term $a=1,r=\dfrac{1}{1}=1$

If a series consists only a finite number of terms it is called a ................

  1. infinite series

  2. finite series

  3. real number

  4. geometric series


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

If a series consists only a finite number of terms it is called a Finite series.

Hence, the answer is finite series.

If the sum of first $75$ terms of an AP is $2625$, then the $38^{th}$ term of an AP is

  1. $39$

  2. $37$

  3. $35$

  4. $38$


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

$S _{75} = 2625$
$\Rightarrow \dfrac {75}{2}(2a + (75 - 1)d) = 2625$
$\Rightarrow 2(a + 37d) = 35\times 2$
$\Rightarrow a + 37d = 35$
$T _{38} = a + (38 - 1)d = a + 37 d$
$= 35$

If  in traingle ABC $\cos 2B=\dfrac {\cos (A+C)}{\cos (A-C)}$, then 

  1. $\tan A, \tan B, \tan C$ are in $A.P$

  2. $\tan A, \tan B, \tan C$ are in $G.P$

  3. $\tan A, \tan B, \tan C$ are in $H.P$

  4. $None\ of\ these$


Correct Option: B

A gentlemen invites a party of m + n $(m \neq n)$ friends to a dinner and places m at one table $T _1$ and n at another table $T _2$, the table being round. If not all people shall have the same neighbour n any two arrangement, then the number of ways in which he can arrange the guests, is 

  1. $\dfrac{(m+n)!}{4mn}$

  2. $\dfrac{1}{2} \dfrac{(m+n)!}{mn}$

  3. $2\dfrac{(m+n)!}{mn}$

  4. none


Correct Option: A

If $\displaystyle f(n+1)=\frac {2f(n)+1}{2}, n=1,2, .....$ and $f(1)=2$, then $f(101)= ..........$

  1. $53$

  2. $52$

  3. $51$

  4. $50$


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Given:
 $\Rightarrow f(n+1)=\dfrac {2f(n)+1}{2}$
and $\Rightarrow  f(1)=2$
For  $n=1$,$ f(2)=\dfrac {2f(1)+1}{2}=\dfrac {5}{2}$


For  $n=2$, $f(3)=\dfrac {2f(2)+1}{2}=3$

For $n=3$,$ f(4)=\dfrac {2f(3)+1}{2}=\dfrac {6+1}{2}=\dfrac {7}{2}$

So, $\Rightarrow  f(1), f(2), f(3), f(4), ....=2, \dfrac {5}{2}, 3, \dfrac {7}{2},.....$

$\therefore  f(n)=\dfrac {3+n}{2}$

$\Rightarrow  f(101)=\dfrac {3+101}{2}=52$

$\Rightarrow  f(101)=52$
Hence, option 'B' is correct.

If $a, b, c$ are in AP, $b - a, c - b$ and $a$ are in GP, then $a : b : c$ is

  1. $1 : 2 : 3$

  2. $1 : 3 : 5$

  3. $2 : 3 : 5$

  4. $1 : 2 : 4$


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Given, $a,b,c$ are in AP and $b-a, c-b, a$ are in GP.
Therefore, $2b = a + c$ and $(c - b)^{2} = (b - a)a$
$\Rightarrow  (b - a)^{2} = (b - a)a$
$\Rightarrow b = 2a$
$\Rightarrow c = 3a$
Thus, $a : b : c = 1 : 2 : 3$.

Let $x _{1}, x _{2}, .....x _{n}$ be in an AP of $x _{1} + x _{4} + x _{9} + x _{11} + x _{20} + x _{22} + x _{27} + x _{30} = 272$, then $x _{1} + x _{2} + x _{3} + ..... + x _{30}$ is equal to

  1. $1020$

  2. $1200$

  3. $716$

  4. $2720$


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

If an AP consist of $30$ terms, Then $x _{1} + x _{30} = x _{4} + x _{27} = x _{9} + x _{22} = x _{11} + x _{20}$
$\because x _{1} +x _{4} + x _{9} + x _{11} + x _{20} + x _{27} + x _{30} = 272$
$\Rightarrow (x _{1} + x _{30}) + (x _{4} + x _{27}) + (x _{9} + x _{22}) + (x _{11} + x _{26}) = 272$
$\Rightarrow 4(x _{1} + x _{30}) = 272$
$\Rightarrow x _{1} + x _{30} = \dfrac {272}{4} = 68$
$S _{30} = \dfrac {30}{2} (x _{1} + x _{30}) = 15\times 68 = 1020$

$S _{n} = 1^{3} + 2^{3} + ..... + n^{3}$ and $T _{n} = 1 + 2 + ..... + n$, then

  1. $S _{n} = T _{n}$

  2. $S _{n} = T _{n}^{4}$

  3. $S _{n} = T _{n}^{2}$

  4. $S _{n} = T _{n}^{3}$


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

$S _{n} = 1^{3} + 2^{3} + ...... + n^{3} = \sum n^{3}$
$T _{n} = 1 + 2 + ..... + n = \sum n$
$S _{n} = \sum n^{3} = \left [\dfrac {n(n + 1)}{2}\right ]^{2}$
$\Rightarrow S _{n} = \left {\sum n\right }^{2} = T _{n}^{2}$

If for $n\in I, n > 10; 1+(1+x)+(1+x)^2+.....+(1+x)^n=\displaystyle\sum^n _{k=0}a _k\cdot x^k, x\neq 0$ then?

  1. $\displaystyle\sum^n _{k=0}a _k=2^{n+1}$

  2. $a _{n-2}=\dfrac{n(n+1)}{2}$

  3. $a _p > a _{p-1}$ for $p < \dfrac{n}{2}, p \in N$

  4. $(a _9)^2-(a _8)^2={^{n+2}C _{10}}({^{n+1}C _{10}}-{^{n+1}C _9})$


Correct Option: A

Identify the function for the following sequence $4, 10, 18, 28...$

  1. $2n(n+3)$

  2. $n(n+3)$

  3. $n(n-3)$

  4. $n^2(n+3)$


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

When $n = 1$, $1(1+3)=4$ i.e. $1(1+3)$
When $n = 2$, $2(2+3)=10$ i.e. $2(2+3)$
When $n = 3$, $3(3+3)=18$ i.e. $3(3+3)$
When $n = 4$, $4(4+3)=28$ i.e. $4(4+3)$
So, $4, 10, 27, 28..$ is the function for the sequence is $n(n+3)$.

Identify the sequence for the following function $n(n+3)$.

  1. $4, 10, 18, 28..$

  2. $4, 12, 18, 28..$

  3. $2, 10, 18, 28..$

  4. $4, 10, 18, 38..$


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Given function is $n(n+3)$
When $n = 1$, $1(1+3)=4$
When $n = 2$, $2(2+3)=10$
When $n = 3$, $3(3+3)=27$
When $n = 4$, $4(4+3)=28$....
So, $4, 10, 27, 28..$ is the function for the sequence is $n(n+3)$.

What is the next number in the sequence $2, 15, 41, 80, ?$

  1. $111$

  2. $120$

  3. $121$

  4. $132$


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Differences are $13, 26, 39$
$\Rightarrow 4^{th} $ difference $= 52$,
$\Rightarrow$ required number $= 80 + 52 = 132$.


$\therefore$ The solution is $132$.


A, B, C, D are four points in a straight line. Distance from A to  B is 10, B to C is 5, C to D  is 4 and A to D is 1. Which  one of the following is the correct sequence of the  points ?

  1. A- B - C - D

  2. A - C - B - D

  3. A - D - C - B

  4. A - C - D - B


Correct Option: C
Explanation:
Given:$A,B,C,D$ are four points in a staraight line
Distance from $A$ to $B$ is $AB=10$ units
Distance from $B$ to $C$ is $BC=5$ units
Distance from $C$ to $D$ is $CD=4$ units
Distance from $A$ to $D$ is $AD=1$ unit
Here $10>5>4>1\Rightarrow\,AB>BC>CD>DA$
$AB$ is the longest line,the sequence is $A-B$
$\Rightarrow\,BC<CD\Rightarrow\,C$ lies between $A$ and $B$
$\therefore\,$the sequence is $A-C-B$
$AC=5$ units then $CB=5$ units
Now,$D$ may lie between $AC$ or $AB$
$\because \,CD<AC,\,CD<BC$
Since $AD$ starts from $A$ and lies between $A$ and $C$
and $AD=1$ unit
$\therefore\,D$ cannot lie between $B$ and $C$
Hence $D$ lies between $A$ and $C$
The correct sequence is $A-D-C-B$

Find the first five terms of the sequence specified by the recursion formula
${a} _{k+1}={a} _{k}+3$, if ${a} _{1}=7$.

  1. $7,10,13,16,19$

  2. $6,9,12,15,18$

  3. $8,11,14,17,20$

  4. $5,8,11,14,17$


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Given ${a} _{k+1} = {a} _{k}+3$ and ${a} _{1}=7$

So ${a} _{2}={a} _{1}+3 = 7+3=10$
${a} _{3}={a} _{2}+3 = 10+3=13$
${a} _{4}={a} _{3}+3 = 13+3=16$
${a} _{5}={a} _{4}+3=16+3=19$

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