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Introduction to fibres - class-XI

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Yarn is made from fibers.

  1. True

  2. False


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

yes, Yarn is made from fibres by spinning.

Natural fibres can be defined as :

  1. substances produced by plants and animals

  2. man-made fibres produced industrially

  3. synthetic fibres

  4. none of the above


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Natural fibres are fibres extracted from plants and animals. 


They can be spun into thread, filaments and ropes.

Plant fibres include seed hairs, stem fibre, leaf fibres and husk fibres. 

Animal fibres include wool, hair and secretions, such as silk.

Hence the correct option is A.

These clothes are used best in summer :

  1. Wool

  2. Silk

  3. Cotton

  4. Nylon


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Cotton is a natural fiber it has the tendency to absorb the sweat. Also, its a breathing fabric and so allows air to pass through keeping your body cool.  cotton is the best fabric to use in summer.

Coir is also known as:

  1. jute

  2. coconut fibre

  3. cotton fibre

  4. none of the above


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Coir is extracted from the tissues surrounding the seed of the coconut palm. 


It is used in products such as floor mats, doormats, brushes, mattresses, etc. 

Coir is the fibrous material found between the hard, internal shell and the outer coat of a coconut.

Hence the correct option is B.

The fibre that burns completely leaving no residue is:

  1. Cotton

  2. Acrylic

  3. Polyester

  4. Polythene


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Cotton is the fibre that bums completely, leaving no residue.

It is advised to wear clothes in summer made of:

  1. Silk

  2. Wool

  3. Nylon

  4. Cotton


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

In summer, it is advised to wear clothes made of cotton. We sweat a lot in summers. Cotton is a good absorber of water. Thus, it absorbs sweat from our body and exposes the sweat to the atmosphere, making its evaporation faster.


Hence, option D is correct.

When you visit a hill station, which of the following you should use for shopping?

  1. bags made up of cotton

  2. bags made up of polyethene

  3. bags made up of nylon

  4. none of the above


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Hill stations are crowded and have waste disposal problem. Thus, plastic use should be minimum. Some hill stations like Nainital, have banned use of polyethene bags.

Which part of the cotton plant yields cotton balls?

  1. Leaf

  2. Fruit

  3. Seed

  4. Flower


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

The fruit part of cotton plant yields cotton balls.

Which of the following statements is not true?

  1. Fabric is made of yarn.

  2. Jute is the outer covering of coconut.

  3. Polyester is a synthetic fibre.

  4. Silk fibre is obtained from silk worms.


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

The outer covering of coconut is called coir.

Define fibres.

  1. They are continuous filaments similar to thread

  2. Filaments made up of cellulose only

  3. Thread like filaments which are man made

  4. Thick rope like structures made up of tree bark


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Fibers  are a class of hair-like materials that are continuous "'filaments"' or are in discrete elongated pieces, similar to pieces of thread. They can be used as a component of composite materials. 

Which of the following is an animal fiber?

  1. Silk

  2. Avian

  3. Alpaca

  4. All of the above


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Animal fibers are generally made up of proteins. 

Examples include silk, wool, angora, mohair, and alpaca. Silk fiber collected from dried saliva of bugs or insects during the preparation of cocoons. 
Avian fibers from birds, for example, feathers and feather fiber. 

_____________ fibres are obtained from plants and animals.

  1. Natural 

  2. Plant

  3. Animal

  4. Synthetic


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Natural fibres are obtained from plants and animals.

Examples of natural fibres are wool, silk, etc.

___________________ are obtained from cotton plant and sheep respectively.

  1. Wool and cotton

  2. Cotton and wool

  3. Silk and wool

  4. Wool and silk


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Cotton is obtained from cotton plant and wool is obtained from sheep.

Animal fibers generally comprise of:

  1. collagen.

  2. keratin.

  3. both $A$ and $B$.

  4. triglycerides.


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Animal fibers are natural fibers that consist largely of particular proteins. These proteins include collagen, keratin and fibroin.

examples include silk, sinew, wool, catgut, angora, mohair and alpaca.
The animal fibers used most commonly both in the manufacturing world as well as by the hand spinners are wool from domestic sheep and silk.

Bed sheets, curtains, tents, parachutes etc are made from :

  1. Natural fibres

  2. Synthetic fibres

  3. Yarn

  4. Plastics


Correct Option: A,B
Explanation:

Fibres which are man-made are called synthetic fibres and which occurs naturally are called natural fibres. Rayon (synthetic fibre), when mixed with cotton (natural fibre), is used to making curtainsbedsheets etc. of clothes, ropes, seat-belts, curtains, sleeping bags, parachutestents etc.

Raw materials for most of the natural fabrics are obtained from :

  1. water

  2. earth

  3. petroleum

  4. sky


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Some of the most common raw materials for the production of natural fabrics are cotton, wool, flax, ramie and wax. Since wax is a petroleum product, C is the correct answer.

Use of charkha was popularized by Mahatma Gandhi as part of the Independence movement.

  1. True

  2. False


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Use of charkha was popularized by Mahatma Gandhi as part of the Independence movement. He encouraged people to wear clothes made of homespun yarn and disapprove of imported cloth made in Britain. Charkha is a handmade device used to spun yarn.

Which of the following are natural fibres?

  1. wool, cotton, nylon, jute

  2. jute, silk, rayon, wool

  3. silk, cotton, wool, jute

  4. silk, jute, cotton, polyester


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Natural fibres are obtained from natural sources like plants animals.
Examples of Natural fibres are silk, cotton, wool and jute.

Which of the following is monomer of natural rubber?

  1. Isoprene

  2. Chloroprene

  3. Caprolactum

  4. Styrene


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Natural rubber is an addition polymer that is obtained as a milky white fluid known as the latex from a tropical rubber tree. Natural rubber is from the monomer isoprene (2-methyl-1,3-butadiene). Since isoprene has two double bonds, it still retains one of them after the polymerization reaction. Natural rubber has the cis configuration for the methyl groups. So, the correct option is A i.e. Isoprene.

 In India, jute is cultivated during which season?

  1. Rainy

  2. Summer

  3. Winter

  4. Throughout the year.


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The suitable climate for growing jute is a warm and wet climate, which is offered by the monsoon climate during the fall season, immediately followed by summer. Temperatures ranging from 25-30 °C and relative humidity of 70%–90% are favorable for successful cultivation. Jute requires 160-200 cm of rainfall weekly with extra needed during the sowing period. River basins or alluvial or loamy soils are best for jute cultivation. Jute cultivation in red soils may require a high dose of manure.

 Fibres can be classified as natural fibres and synthetic fibres.

  1. True

  2. False


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Fibres can be classified as natural fibres and synthetic fibres.
Natural fibres are obtained from plants and animals. The examples of such fibres include cotton, jute, silk and wool.
Synthetic fibres are made from chemical substances, which are not obtained from plant or animal sources. Examples include polyester, nylon and acrylic.

Which of the following fibre is recyclable?

  1. Hemp

  2. Flax

  3. Sisal

  4. All of above


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

A, B and C are natural fibres. 


All natural fibres are easily recyclable. It is a renewable resource, the production requires little energy, $CO _2$ is used while oxygen is given back to the environment. 

They are also carbon neutral. They absorb the same amount of carbon dioxide they produce. 

During processing, they generate mainly organic wastes and leave residues that can be used to generate electricity or make ecological housing material. And, at the end of their life cycle, they are 100% biodegradable.

Hence the correct option is D.

Which among the following is not the example of natural Polymer ?

  1. Wool

  2. Silk

  3. Nylon

  4. Amber


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

The example of Natural polymers are ;- wool, silk, amber, cellulose etc.

The example of synthetic polymers are :- Nylon, polyester, etc.

All are natural fibres except

  1. Silk

  2. Cotton

  3. Nylon

  4. Wool


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Nylon is a synthetic fibre.

Which of the following is a fibre?

  1. Rayon or artificial silk

  2. nylon

  3. acrylic

  4. All of the above


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Rayon or artificial silk, nylon and acrylic represents fibre. Polyester and cotton are another example of fibre.

Linen fibre is obtained from __________.

  1. chia seeds

  2. cotton seeds

  3. flax plants

  4. cotton flowers


Correct Option: C
Explanation:
Linen yarn is spun from the long fibers found just behind the bark in the multi-layer stem of the flax plant. In order to retrieve the fibers from the plant, the woody stem and the inner pith, which holds the fibers together in a clump, must be rotted away. 

The cellulose fiber from the stem is spinnable and is used in the production of linen thread, cordage, and twine.

So, option C is correct.

Which of the following represent(s) the characteristics of synthetic fibres?

  1. They dry up quickly.

  2. They are durable

  3. They are less expensive and readily available.

  4. They are easy to maintain


Correct Option: A,B,C,D
Explanation:

 All of the following represent(s) the characteristics of synthetic fibres.
They dry up quickly.
They are durable
They are less expensive and readily available.
They are easy to maintain

To which of the following does the 4R principle apply the most?

  1. Synthetic fibre

  2. Natural fibre

  3. Metals

  4. Plastic


Correct Option: D
Explanation:
Plastic is a man-made substance that cannot be broken down by natural microbial action. Hence, the 4R principle is applied to it. 

The 4 R principle is- ${\text{Refuse, Reduce, Reuse and Recycle}}$. This helps in reducing the harmful effect of plastic in the environment. 

Thus the correct answer is option A.

Bed sheets, curtain, tents, parachutes can be made from :

  1. Natural fibre

  2. Synthetic fibre

  3. Yarn

  4. Plastics


Correct Option: A,B,C
Explanation:
Bed sheets, curtain, tents, parachutes are made from fabric like cotton, silk, nylon, rayon etc. and the fabric is a cloth produced by weaving or knitting textile fibers. 

These fibers can be obtained naturally from plant or animal sources like cotton seeds and silk, wool or can be synthesized like nylon or rayon.

Therefore, natural and synthetic fibers are used to make fabric.

Yarn is a long continuous length of interlocked fibres, suitable for use in the production of textiles, sewing, crocheting, knitting, weaving, embroidery, or ropemaking. Thread is a type of yarn intended for sewing by hand or machine.

Plastics are synthetic polymers and not used in fabric production.

Hence, option A, B and C are correct.

The small fluffy fibres are:

  1. bolls

  2. burrs

  3. reels

  4. combs


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Burrs are the small filthy fibers. This has a pattern of knots. 

$X$ is a thread of filament from which $Y$ is made. If prepared from plants and animals, it is known as $Z$ fibres whereas by humans it is known as $W$ fibres. Synthetic fibres are nylon, rayon, polyester, acrylic etc.

What is $Z$?

  1. Plant fibre

  2. Animal fibre

  3. Natural fibre

  4. Artificial fibre


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Fibre is the basic unit of raw material having a suitable length, pliability, and strength for conversion into yarns and fabrics/cloth/material. 

A fibre of extreme length is a filament. Fibres can occur naturally or can be produced artificially. 

Here, X is a fibre, Y is the cloth/fabric. Z is the natural fibre and W is the artificial or human-made fibre.

Plant and animal fibre are natural fibres, and artificial fibre are man-made fibres such as rayon.

Therefore, option C is correct.

The eggs of silkworms are stored in:

  1. Wooden box

  2. Metal box

  3. Strips of the cloth

  4. Plastic box


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

The female silk moth lays 200 eggs at a time, these eggs are stored on strips of cloth. The stored eggs are then kept under hygienic conditions, suitable temperature and humidity.

Which of the following house hold articles is not made up of fibre?

  1. Cloth

  2. Table

  3. Rope

  4. Carpet


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Table is made up of wood or wood pulp but cloth, rope and carpet are made up of various types of fibres and yarns which form these materials.


Hence, the correct option is $\text{B}$

Endoscope is made up of:

  1. glass wool

  2. optical fibres

  3. optical glass

  4. lead crystal glass


Correct Option: B

Synthetic fibres are also called as :

  1. rayon fibres

  2. artificial or human made fibres

  3. natural fibres

  4. collective fibres


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Synthetic fibres are also called as artificial or human made fibres since they are made by human in factories.

Spandex is used in garments because :

  1. elasticity.

  2. strength.

  3. biodegradable.

  4. Both A and B.


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Spandex, Lycra or elastane is a synthetic fiber known for its exceptional elasticity. It is stronger and more durable than natural rubber. Because of its elasticity and strength (stretching up to five times its length), spandex has been incorporated into a wide range of garments, especially in skin-tight garments. A benefit of spandex is its significant strength and elasticity and its ability to return to the original shape after stretching and faster drying than ordinary fabrics.

Which of the following can define molecules in the liquid state?

  1. Molecules vibrating in a fixed position and held in place by strong forces

  2. Molecules can rotate and roll over each other because the forces are moderately strong

  3. Molecules can move anyway in random because there are no forces holding the molecules together

  4. A state of matter which contains only charged particles


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

In liquid, particles are loosely bound together by intramolecular forces. Unlike a solid, liquid has no fixed shape but instead has a characteristic readiness to flow and therefore takes on the shape of any container.

Forces between them are moderately strong as compare to solid.

Hence, option $B$ is correct. 

Which of the following is true?

  1. Cellulose is made up of glucose units.

  2. Weaving and knitting are two process to get plastic.

  3. Plastics get corroded easily.

  4. Plastics are not polymers.


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Cellulose is made up of glucose units by glycosidic bonds.

Weaving and knitting are used to make silk fiber.
Plastic is non-corrosive and it is a polymer of the various compound.
Example: PVC, bakelite, etc.

The fruits of cotton plants are called:

  1. calotropis

  2. cotton bolls

  3. xanthiun

  4. none of the above


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Cotton bolls.

The fruit, called bolls, then begin to develop. These green, immature bolls are a segmented pod containing approximately 32 immature seeds from which the cotton fibres  will grow. The boll is considered a fruit because it contains seeds.

In which of the following, polymer chains are held with hydrogen bonds?

  1. Thermoplastics

  2. Fibres

  3. Thermosetting polymers

  4. Elastomers


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

$Fibres$ are the thread forming solids which possess high strength and high modulus. This characteristic is attributed to the strong intermolecular forces like hydrogen bonding.

Weaving is the process of 

  1. Separating seeds from cotton bolls

  2. Spinning of yarn

  3. Arranging two sets of yarn together to make a fabric

  4. Immersing stems of jute plant in water


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Weaving is a method of textile production in which two distinct sets of yarns or threads are interlaced at right angles to form a fabric or cloth. Cloth is made by crossing two sets of threads over and under each other. The two sets of threads are called warp and weft.

Therefore, the correct answer is option C.

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