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Friction: a necessary evil - class-VIII

Description: friction: a necessary evil
Number of Questions: 43
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Tags: force and pressure physics friction force and motion force
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Why do we sprinkle powder before playing caroms?

  1. To increase friction

  2. To decrease friction

  3. To increase or decrease the friction depending on the type of the game played.

  4. None of these


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Powder acts as a lubricant to the surface and reduces friction so that the game can be carried on smooth surface.

Powder is a lubricant

  1. True

  2. False

  3. None

  4. Can't say


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Powder is a lubricant because it reduces the friction and makes the surface smooth.

To keep machines running smoothly and to avoid wear and tear of machines, the best and the most commonly used lubricant is:

  1. Powder

  2. Sand

  3. Oil

  4. Water


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Oil is the best and the most commonly used lubricant used for keeping machines running smoothly and to avoiding wear and tear of machines as it reduces the friction more effectively.

A car will skid more on a wet road than on a dry one because, between the dry road and the car tyres there is more:

  1. Friction

  2. Lubricant

  3. Gravity

  4. Heat


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

A vehicle skids on the road due to less friction between the road and the vehicle tyres.

Any substance which is used to reduce the roughness of a surface is called a:

  1. Lubricant

  2. Lubrant

  3. Lubrication

  4. None of these


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Lubricants reduce the rounghness of an surface and make them smooth. Smooth surfaces have less friction due to reduced roughness.

Friction can be increased by increasing:

  1. Smoothness of the surface

  2. Grease on the surface

  3. Roughness of the surface

  4. Lubricating the surface


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Rough surface is uneven so it provides more resisitance to motion of a body hence the frictional force increases.

The force which prevents us from slipping while walking on the road is:

  1. muscular force of our body

  2. gravitational pull by earth

  3. frictional force

  4. balanced forces of nature


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

When we push the ground with our feet, the friction provides a forward reaction to our push and sends us forward. Walking on smooth ground is difficult because the frictional force is not great enough to prevent slipping.


Option C is correct.

In which of the following cases more friction is desirable?

  1. Movement of piston in a cylinder

  2. Braking of a vehicle

  3. Running on a track

  4. All of the above


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Answer is B.

Brakes is a type of automotive brake that slows or stops a vehicle by converting kinetic energy into heat energy, via friction. The heat energy is then dissipated into the atmosphere. 
Hence, braking of a vehicle happens due to friction.

Spikes are provided in the shoes of athlete

  1. For decoration

  2. To increase friction

  3. To decrease friction

  4. None of the above


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Answer is B.

Spikes are provided on the soles of shoes of athletes to increase the friction between the shoe and the ground.

The surface of the head of a matchstick and sides of a match box are deliberately made rough to

  1. Increase friction

  2. Decrease friction

  3. Increase pressure

  4. Decrease amount of heat


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Answer is A.

A match is a small stick of wood or strip of cardboard with a solidified mixture of flammable chemicals deposited on one end. When that end is struck on a rough surface, the friction generates enough heat to ignite the chemicals and produce a small flame. Some matches, called strike-anywhere matches, may be ignited by striking them on any rough surface.
Hence, the surface of the head of a matchstick and sides of a match box are deliberately made rough to increase friction.

Friction reduces efficiency of machines due to:

  1. Production of heat

  2. Wearing out of moving parts

  3. Increase in energy consumption

  4. AlI of the above


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Answer is D.

Efficiency is relate to energy conversion performance. A system that can convert energy entirely and completely into energy of another form performs the conversion at 100% efficiency. 
The heat produced by friction cannot be used to recover 100% of the mechanical energy that was converted into heat, the effect of friction is to reduce the (energy conversion) efficiency of machines. 
The parts of the machine wear and tear due to contimuous usage.
More the friction more the enrgy consumption.
Hence, all the options are correct.

_______ is responsible for wear and tear of machine parts.

  1. Oil

  2. Steel

  3. Friction

  4. Smoothness


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Friction is responsible for wear and tear of machine parts.
Friction is the main force that is responsible for the wear and tear of machinery, this is why mechanical parts are sometimes oiled, to minimize the friction present.

You are marooned on a frictionless horizontal surface and cannot exert any horizontal force by pushing against the surface. How can you get off?

  1. By jumping

  2. By spitting or sneezing

  3. By rolling your body on the surface

  4. By running on the plane


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

We will need friction to roll or run on any surface. In our case, we have a frictionless surface. Hence, by conservation of linear momentum sneezing can make us move on that surface.

heat is produced whenever work is done against friction 

  1. True

  2. False


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

When friction is present, there is a loss of energy. Since frictional force have done work and the energy is lost. Due to this frictional force is released in the form of heat energy.

_______ helps in writing with a pen or pencil on a paper.

  1. Magnetic force

  2. Electric charge

  3. Chemical force

  4. Frictional force


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

The irregularities between the paper and the pen or pencil create friction. Due to friction, the particles of ink or lead stick to the paper and get locked in its irregularities. If there would be no friction between the paper and pen or pencil, the ink/lead would not stick to the paper and we would not be able to write.

Which of the following is true for friction?

  1. It is necessary to perform many tasks.

  2. It produces heat.

  3. It wears out the surfaces in contact.

  4. All of the above


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Friction is important to perform many tasks. It also produces heat in the process and since the two surfaces keep rubbing against each other, they gradually wear out.

State whether the given statement is true or false :

Friction is necessary to perform many tasks. 

  1. True

  2. False


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Friction helps to lock the two surfaces in contact. 

However, if there was no friction, we would not be able to perform even simple tasks like writing on a paper, or fixing a nail in the wall, stopping or turning an automobile, or even something as simple as tying a lace knot. However, in some cases it is desirable to reduce friction but it can never be eliminated.

Friction is _____ in some situations.

  1. desirable

  2. undesirable

  3. both A and B

  4. none of the above


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Friction is both desirable and undesirable depending on the situation. For example, the tyres of an automobile are grooved to increase friction. However, the ball bearings in the same automobile are regularly oiled to reduce friction and ensure smooth functioning of the engine.

In what ways is friction harmful?

  1. It causes wear and tear to the surfaces.

  2. Much energy is lost in overcoming friction.

  3. Both A and B

  4. None of these


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Friction comes into play when two irregular surfaces come in contact. The continuous rubbing of these surfaces together causes it to gradually wear out. Also, much of the applied force or energy is wasted in overcoming the force of friction. Hence, it is considered as evil, but it is necessary too.

The friction between two bodies produces

  1. Motion

  2. Expansion

  3. Heat

  4. None


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

The friction is a force which occurs between two bodies, when say one of them is at motion/ or at both of them in a motion. The rubbing of hand is an example of friction which causes warm feeling in hands.

In absence of friction

  1. our shoes will remain intact

  2. we will not be able to walk

  3. we will be able to slide smoothly

  4. all the above will happen


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Our shoes encounter wear and tear due to friction. 
We are able to walk due to friction.
Friction resists us from sliding.

State whether the given statement is true or false :

Friction is a necessary evil.

  1. True

  2. False


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Friction is necessary in our daily life. But it is an evil as it causes heating and wear and tear. So, it is a necessary evil.

The taxi driver has to be more careful when driving car in winter because of morning dew. That means the friction on road during winter is _______ friction during summer. Fill in the blank.
  1. more than

  2. less than

  3. same as

  4. having no relation with


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

A car moves forward due to friction and also can be controlled on road due to friction. In winter, due to morning dew, friction decreases and the  driver has to be careful. Due to presence of dew, friction in winter is less than that in summer.

Which of the following is not a type of friction?

  1. Fluid

  2. Rolling

  3. Sliding

  4. Lifting


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Lifting is not a type of friction. All others are types of friction.

Which of the below statements prove that friction is disadvantageous?

  1. Tyres of cars wear out

  2. Soles of shoes wear out

  3. Machine parts wear out

  4. All of the above


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

All of the above is correct answer. As we know friction is useful but in other means it is also disadvantageous or we can say an evil which is a necessity. Whenever there is movement between two parts of machinery or whenever there is contact between shoes sole and rough road, the parts in contact wear out. Friction causes wear and tear of parts as well as heat is produced which damages the parts.

Which of the following statements is NOT true?

  1. Friction makes things slow down

  2. Friction produces heat

  3. Friction can stop moving objects

  4. Friction is not useful


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

The statement that friction is not useful, is not true. Friction is advantageous in our daily life. Without friction we will not be able to walk properly, nor drive vehicles etc. 

Frictional force is important for motor racing. This is because frictional force.

  1. can help a car to slow down

  2. can help a car to move faster

  3. can help a car move around the comers without skidding

  4. none of New


Correct Option: A,C
Explanation:

Frictional force can help a car to slow down and can help to move around the corners without skidding due to the frictional force between tyres and ground . Without friction , brakes of the car will not work and it will be impossible to control the car , due to this we say friction is a necessary evil .

Friction is a that opposite motion?

  1. True

  2. False


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Friction force is the force that opposes the relative motion of an object or the direction opposite to the tendency of relative motion due to the contact of 2 rough surfaces. Hence it is exactly opp to the direction of relative motion of the object.

Statement I: If friction is not present In nature. then life will be easy.
Statement II: Without friction. there would be no reaction from ground.
  

  1. Statement I is correct and Statement II is incorrect.

  2. Statement II is correct and Statement I is incorrect.

  3. Both Statements I and II are correct and Statement II explains Statement I

  4. Both Statements I and II are correct but Statement II does not explain Statement


Correct Option: A

Which of the following statements is NOT true for friction force?

  1. Friction force is produced when two objects rub against each other

  2. A lighter object will experience a smaller frictional force

  3. Friction produces more wear and tear

  4. Friction is harmful


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

ADVANTAGES OF FRICTION
Friction plays a vital role in our daily life. Without friction we are handicap.
1. It is becomes difficult to walk on a slippery road due to low friction. When we move on ice, it     becomes difficult to walk due to low friction of ice.
2. We can not fix nail in the wood or wall if there is no friction. It is friction which holds the nail.
3. A horse can not pull a cart unless friction furnishes him a secure Foothold.
DISADVANTAGES OF FRICTION 
Despite the fact that the friction is very important in our daily life, it also has some disadvantages like:
1. The main disadvantage of friction is that it produces heat in various parts of machines. In this way     some useful energy is wasted as heat energy.
2. Due to friction we have to exert more power in machines.
3. It opposes the motion. 
4. Due to friction, noise is also produced in machines.
5. Due to friction, engines of automobiles consume more fuel which is a money loss.
So, 
Friction is useful for braking moving vehicles; for walking in smooth / slippery surfaces like snow and sand.
Answer (D) 
friction is harmful

You are marooned on a frictionless horizontal surface and cannot exert any horizontal force by pushing against the surface. How can you get off ?

  1. by jumping

  2. by spitting or sneezing

  3. by rolling your body on the surface

  4. by running on the plane


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

By spitting or sneezing we can get off.

Since there is no friction present we need to spit or sneeze which will produce a suitable friction to get off. Also this will produce a momentum in opposite direction which will help us to move in opposite direcdtion.

Friction is a/an

  1. self-adjusting force

  2. necessary evil

  3. important force in daily life

  4. all the above


Correct Option: D
Explanation:
  1. Static friction is considered a self adjusting force because it wants the object to remain at rest and not move. Therefore, if an external force is applied, the static force will be equal to the magnitude of external force, until it surpasses the threshold of the motion. Hence friction is a self-adjusting force.
  2. If there is no friction between any two surfaces in contact , then we will not be able to walk properly on the earth. Hence friction is necessary, But too much friction will reduce the efficiency of machines. Hence friction is a necessary evil.
  3. Friction allows us to hold anything, pick up anything , allows us to go anywhere . Same goes with riding a car or a bike. Thus friction is important force in our daily life.

Friction should always be avoid.

  1. True

  2. False

  3. Ambiguous

  4. Data insufficient


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

The friction can be avoided when the contact surface is smooth. But for a rough contact surface, the friction opposes the motion. Thus the given statement is false.

The efficiency of machine is reduced due to friction.

  1. True

  2. False

  3. Ambiguous

  4. Data insufficient


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Friction is the force that resists motion when the surface of one object comes into contact with the surface of another. In a machine, friction reduces the mechanical advantage , or the ratio of output to input an automobile, for instance , uses one-quarter of its energy on reducing friction. Hence the efficiency of machine is reduced due to friction.

A sphere $S$ roll without slipping, moving with a constant speed on a plank $P.$ The fraction between the upper surface of $P$ and the sphere is sufficient to prevent slipping, while the lower surface of $P$ is smooth and rests on the ground. Initially, $P$ is fixed to the ground by a pin $N.$ If $N$ is suddenly removed:

  1. S will begin to slip on P

  2. P will begin to move back wards

  3. the speed of s will decrease, and its angular velocity will increase

  4. there will be no charge in the motion of S and P will still be at rest


Correct Option: D

Why do we sprinkle powder before playing carroms?

  1. To increase friction

  2. To decrease friction

  3. To increase or decrease the friction depending on the type of the game played

  4. None of these


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

It is done just to reduce the friction. On microscopic level, the powder particles offer rolling friction to the striker because of which the striker can be rolled around smoothly.

State whether the statements are true or false:
Oil is used to reduce the friction on door hinges.

  1. True

  2. False


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Lubrication is another way to make a surface smoother. A lubricant is a slippery substance designed to reduce the friction between surfaces, Since the door hinges are exposed to the atmosphere the chances of corrosion increases and the surface becomes irregular enough to promote friction. Applying oil on the door hinges can reduce the amount of friction and thus it will decrease it.

Friction should always be avoided.

  1. True

  2. False


Correct Option: B
Explanation:
The given statement is false.
Friction is a necessary evil because without friction we will not be able to set our bodies in motion or stop the bodies which are in motion. Friction is absolutely necessary in our day to day activities. For eg it is the friction on the ground that helps us to walk and without friction it would not have veen possible to write on a paper.
Hence friction is important and cannot be avoided.

Friction is a force that oppose motion.

  1. True

  2. False


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The given statement is true.

Friction always acts in opposite direction to movement i.e it opposes the motion of an object. Air resistance is a frictional force which opposes motion through air.

The efficiency of machine is reduced due to friction.

  1. True

  2. False


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Yes, the statement is true.

Friction introduces losses and decreases efficiency since friction generates heat which is an energy that should be converted in movement. That energy in the form of heat is a loss. Also friction increases increases the wear and tear of a machine thereby decreasing its efficiency.

A coin flicked across a table will stop, because :

  1. It is heavy

  2. No force is acting on it

  3. Earth attracts the coin

  4. Table exerts a frictional force


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

According to the first law of motion a body will remain in the state of rest or of uniform motion until or unless compelled by an external force.

In this case the coin will stop because an external force is exerted in the form of frictional force by the table that opposes the motion of the flicked coin.

Hence, correct answer is option $D$

The application of decreasing friction includes :

  1. Ball bearing used in moving parts of a machine

  2. The streamlined shape of an aircraft

  3. The layer of air between the hull of a hovecraft.

  4. None of these.


Correct Option: A,B,C
Explanation:

The application of decreasing friction is
(i) Ball bearings used in moving parts of a machine.
(ii) The stream lines shape of an aircraft.
(iii) The layer of air between the hull of a hovecraft.

Which of the following are done to increase  friction?

  1. Making groove in the shoes

  2. polishing rough surface

  3. using ball bearing in wheels

  4. Creating an air cushion


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Soles of shoes are grooved because the grooves increases the friction and gives the good grip to the person while walking with shoes

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