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Introduction to polymers and its classification - class-XII

Description: introduction to polymers and its classification
Number of Questions: 40
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Tags: polymers chemistry polymer
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Which of the following polymers does not soften on heating?

  1. Bakelite

  2. Polythene

  3. Polystyrene

  4. PVC


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Bakelite is a thermosetting polymer having high crosslinkings and hence once hardened cannot be softened.

The weakest interparticle forces are present in:

  1. Thermosetting polymers

  2. Thermoplastic polymers

  3. Fibers

  4. Elastomers


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

 Elastomers: The polymer chains are held together by the weakest intermolecular forces. These weak binding forces permit the polymer to be stretched.


Fibres: Fibers have strong intermolecular forces like hydrogen bonding. These strong forces also lead to close packing of chains and thus impact crystalline nature.

Thermoplastic polymers: They possess intermolecular forces of attraction intermediate between elastomers and fibers.

Thermosetting polymers: They are cross-linked & heavily launched.

Hence, option D is correct.

Artificial silk is a ___

  1. polypeptide

  2. polysaccharide

  3. polythene

  4. polyvinyl chloride


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Artificial silk is a synthetic manufactured from cellulose fibre. Cellulose is a common example of polysaccharides. Thus, artificial silk is a polysaccharide.

The products of addition polymerisation reaction is:

  1. PVC

  2. nylon

  3. terylene

  4. polyamide


Correct Option: A

Rayon is chemically known as:

  1. cellulose nitrate

  2. cellulose

  3. cellulose acetate

  4. resins


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Rayon is chemically known as cellulose acetate, which is a semi-synthetic kind of polymer.

It is considered as semi-synthetic because it has natural component cellulose which combined with acetate gives cellulose acetate (rayon)

Option C is correct.

Glyptal or alkyd is polymer of :

  1. Ethylene glycol and phthalic acid

  2. Ethylene and phthalic acid

  3. Phthalic acid and acetylene

  4. None of the acid


Correct Option: A

A polymer which is used as a suture, i.e., for stiching of wounds after operations is 

  1. PHBV

  2. nylon-2-Nylon-6

  3. dextran

  4. dacron


Correct Option: C

Which of the following is used in conveyor belt?

  1. PVC

  2. Polythene

  3. Neoprene

  4. none of these


Correct Option: A,B,C
Explanation:

In order to move the belt and the material to transport one or both the pulleys should be power-driven. These belts are generally made of rubber, PVC, Urethane, Neoprene, Nylon, Nitrile, Polyester, leather, polythene and others. The industrial conveyor belts are made up of multiple layers of material.


Hence, the correct options are $\text{A}, \text{B}$ and $\text{C}$

If a polythene sample contains two monodisperse fractions in the ratio $2:3$ with degree of polymerization $100$ and $200$, respectively, then its weight average molecular weight will be:

  1. $4480$

  2. $4600$

  3. $4300$

  4. $5200$


Correct Option: A

Which of the following is not true?

  1. Step growth polymerisation required a bifunctional monomer.

  2. Nylon $6$ is an example of step- growth polymerisation

  3. Nylon $6$ is an example of Chain growth polymerisation.

  4. Chain growth polymerisation involves homopolymerisation only.


Correct Option: B

Arrange the following polymers in the order of their intermolecular forces?


Nylon-6,6 $(P)$, Buna-S $(Q)$, and Polythene $(R)$ 

  1. $Q>R>P$

  2. $P>R>Q$

  3. $Q>P>R$

  4. $P>Q>R$


Correct Option: B

Zeifler-Natta catalystic system is a combination of :

  1. $Rh(Ph _{3}P) _{3}CI$ and $H _{2}$

  2. $Ti(O^{i}Pr) _{4}$ and $^{t}BuOOH$

  3. $Rh(Ph _{3}P) _{3}CI$ and $CO$

  4. $TiCI _{4}$ and $AI(C _{2}H _{2}) _{3}$


Correct Option: D

Monomers of Natural Rubber and Neoprene are Respectively : 

  1. $CH _3 - \underset{CH _3}{\underset{|}{C}} = CH - CH _3 , \, \, CH _3 - \underset{Cl}{\underset{|}{C}} = CH - CH _3$

  2. $CH _2 = \underset{CH _3}{\underset{|}{C}} - CH = CH _2$ $CH _2 = \underset{Cl}{\underset{|}{C}} - CH = CH _2$

  3. $CH _2 = CH - CH = CH _2$ , $CH _2 = CH - Cl$

  4. $CH _2 = \underset{Cl}{\underset{|}{C}} - CH = CH _2$ $CH _2 = \underset{CH _3}{\underset{|}{C}} - CH = CH _2$


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

CH2=C|CH3CH=CH2monomerofneutralrubberCH2=C|CH3−CH=CH2monomerofneutralrubber             CH2=C|ClCH=CH2monomerofneoprene

Which of the following substance is not a covalent polymer?

  1. Silica

  2. Diamond

  3. Glucose

  4. Silicon carbide


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Silica  - giant polymer with basic unit $SiO _2$.
Diamond - a polymer with a basic unit carbon atom.
Glucose - $C _6 H _{12} O _6$ is not a polymer.
Silicon carbide (SiC) - a polymer with basic SiC.

Polymerisation may occur through intermediate formation of___________.

  1. carbocations

  2. carbanions

  3. free radicals

  4. carbenes


Correct Option: A,B,C
Explanation:

Polymerization is a process of reacting monomer molecules together in a chemical reaction to form polymer chains or three-dimensional networks. There are many forms of polymerization like free radical electrophilic and nucleophile polymerisations through the formation of free radicals, carbanions and carbocation intermediates. Carbene doesn't form in the reaction mechanism as intermediate.
Hence, options A, B and C are correct.

The basis on the mode of their formation, the polymers can be classified:

  1. As addition polymers only

  2. As condensation polymers only

  3. As copolymers

  4. Both as addition and condensation polymers


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

On the basis of the mode of their formation, the polymers can be classified as addition polymers and condensation polymers.
Addition polymers are formed by chain growth polymerization and condensation polymers are formed by the combination of two monomers by the elimination of a small molecule like water or methyl alcohol.


Option D is correct.

Woolen clothes are mostly used in:

  1. summer days

  2. rainy days

  3. cold days

  4. cloudy days


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Woolen clothes are mostly used in Cold days. They trap our body heat and provide us warmth in the winters.

Removal of fleece of sheep with skin is

  1. Shaving

  2. Refining

  3. Shearing

  4. None of the above


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

The fleece of the sheep along with a thin layer of skin is removed from its body. This process is called shearing. 

Polyethene is produced by :

  1. isomerization

  2. polymerisation

  3. hydrogenation

  4. all of the above


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Polymerization is the process of reacting monomer molecules together in a chemical reaction to form polymer chains or three dimensional networks.There are many forms of polymerization like step growth and chain growth.It occurs via variety of reaction mechanisms due to functional groups present and their steric effects.

The monomer units of neoprene are known as:

  1. isoprene

  2. chloroprene

  3. vinyl chloride

  4. ethylene glycol


Correct Option: B

Which one of the following polymers is not properly matched to its monomer?

  1. orion - acrylonirtile

  2. synthetic rubber- 2 -chlorobuta - 1, 3 - diene

  3. nylon - adipic acid & hexamethylene diamine

  4. teflon - vinyl chloride


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

The Monomer of Teflon is tetrafluoroethylene, where vinyl chloride is the monomer of PVC.


So, the correct option is $D$

Monomer of polythene is :

  1. propene

  2. isoprene

  3. chloroprene

  4. ethene


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Polyethylene is the most common plastic. The monomer is ethylene, a gaseous hydrocarbon with the formula ${ C } _{ 2 }{ H } _{ 4 }$ which can be viewed as a pair of methylene groups connected to each other. As it is highly reactive, the ethylene must be of high purity.

Which one of the following is a phenolic resin similar to Bakelite?

  1. Catalin

  2. Melamine

  3. Celluloid

  4. Crystalate


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Catalin is a brand name for a thermosetting polymer that was popular from the 1930s. It is another phenolic resin, similar to Bakelite, but with different mineral fillers that allowed the production of light colors. Like Bakelite, it gives off a distinctive phenolic odour when heated.

Which of the following plastic has only aliphatic carbon atoms in their backbone chains?

  1. Polyamide

  2. Polyacetal

  3. Polypropylene

  4. Teflon


Correct Option: C

The necessary condition for a compound to form fibre is that

  1. its molecules must be linear

  2. its molecules must be spherical

  3. its molecules must be rectangular

  4. its molecules must be hexagonal


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

All polymers cannot form fibres. The key requirement of a fibre forming polymer is that the molecule must be linear. This permits their side by side alignment.

Option A is correct.

Which is found as both straight-chained and branched polymers?

  1. Nucleic acids

  2. Carbohydrates

  3. Proteins

  4. Electrolytes

  5. Lipids


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Carbohydrates are found as both straight-chained and branched polymers.


For example, cellulose is unbranched polymer and glycogen is branched polymer.

Hence option B is correct.

Important constituent of cell wall is:

  1. lipid

  2. cellulose

  3. protein

  4. vitamin


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Cellulose (-a long chain un-branched polymer) is an important constituent of cell wall. It is principle component of plant structure. It supports the weight of the plant.

Identify the heteropolymer from the list given below.

  1. Polythene

  2. Nylon-6

  3. Teflon

  4. Nylon-6, 6


Correct Option: D
Explanation:
A hetero-polymer derived from two or more different (but often similar) types of monomer. Nylon 66 is made of two monomers each containing 6 carbon atoms, hexamethylenediamine and adipic acid, which give nylon 66 its name
Polythene, nylon-6 and teflon are homo polymers.

Three dimensional polymers with cross links formed in case of:

  1. Thermoplastic

  2. Thermosetting plastic

  3. Both a) and b)

  4. None of these


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Thermosetting plastic have three dimensional network with cross linkage.When thermosetting plastics are heated they became hard.

Which polymers occur naturally?

  1. Starch and nylon

  2. Cellulose and nylon

  3. Starch and cellulose

  4. Protiens and PVC


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

 Starch and cellulose are natural polymers. Nylon, rubber etc. are synthetic polymers.

so correct answer is C.

Which of the following is thermally stable?

  1. Silicone polymers

  2. Rayon

  3. Bakelite

  4. Perlon - L


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Silicones are polymers that include silicon together with carbon, hydrogen and oxygen.They have an alternating $  -Si-O-Si-  $ type structure. Silicones are water repellent, very resistant to chemical attack and are thermally stable since they do not decompose at high temperature.

Which of the following is an organic polymer?

  1. Glass

  2. Rayon

  3. Silicone rubbers

  4. All


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Rayon is a manufactured regenerated cellulose fibre. Therefore, it is an organic polymer but glass and silicon rubber are examples of non-organic polymer made up of silicone - silicone bond structure.

Suppose A and B are two monomers.
Match the following types of Copolymers with their correct arrangements.


List - I                                                List - II
(i) Random Copolymer                       1) (A-A-A-A)-(B-B-B-B)-(A-A-A)

(ii) Block Copolymer                          2) -A-B-A-B-A.

(iii) Graft Copolymer                          3) -A-B-A-A-A-B-B-A-B-A-A-

                                                                                      B-B-B-B-
                                                                                      $|$
(iv) Alternating Copolymer                4)-A-A-A-A-A-A-A-A-A-
                                                                     $|$
                                                                    B-B-B-B-

  1. (i)-1, (ii)-2, (iii)-3, (iv)-4

  2. (i)-2, (ii)-4, (iii)-3, (iv)-1

  3. (i)-3, (ii)-1, (iii)-4, (iv)-2

  4. (i)-4, (ii)-3, (iii)-1, (iv)-2


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

A) Random copolymer is that in which there is no specific arrangement of monomers, but it is formed by two or more than two monomers.
B) Block copolymer is (A-A-A-A)-(B-B-B-B)-(A-A-A-A)-, as the polymer is divided in subunits (blocks) of a single type of monomer.
C) Graft means branched copolymer.
D) Alternating copolymer is formed by only two monomeric units arranged alternatively.

Which of the following are highly crossed linked polymers?

  1. Alkyd resin

  2. Melamine

  3. Bakelite

  4. Urea - formaldehyde


Correct Option: A,B,C,D

$Si(Cl) _2(CH _3) _2 \xrightarrow {Hydrolysis} A \xrightarrow {Polymerisation} B (Polymer)$ 


What is/are the use(s) of $B$?

  1. As elastomer, surface coatings.

  2. Life saving substance as blood plasma.

  3. For preparing cooking ware.

  4. Tyre cards production.


Correct Option: B,C,D
Explanation:

${ (C{ H } _{ 3 } }) _{ 2 }Si{ Cl } _{ 2 }+{ H } _{ 2 }O\longrightarrow { (C{ H } _{ 3 } }) _{ 2 }SiO+2HCl$


$n[{ (C{ H } _{ 3 } }) _{ 2 }SiO]\xrightarrow { polymerisation } { [{ (C{ H } _{ 3 } }) _{ 2 }SiO] } _{ n }$

The polymer ${ [{ (C{ H } _{ 3 } }) _{ 2 }SiO] } _{ n }$ is used as life saving substance as blood plasma, for preparing cooking ware and tyre production.

'Koroseal' is a long, chain polymer. When mixed with plasticizers, it forms an excellent plastic. Which one of the following is not the use of it?

  1. For water-proofing

  2. Lining material for tanks

  3. In wire and cable insulation

  4. For sun-shading


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Koreseal is a long chain polymer of vinyl chloride $(CH _2CHCl)$.

Vinyl polymers are heat, electricity and corrosion resistant and are unaffected by exposure to light or by long storage.
When it is mixed with plasticizers, it is used as wall covering paints for water proofing property; lining material for tanks; also used in wire and cable insulation.

Arrange the following types of polymer in order of decreasing force of attraction.


   Fibres        Elastomer                Thermoplastic
      (I)                 (II)                               (III)

  1. I > II > III

  2. I > III > II

  3. II > I > III

  4. III > II > I


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Fiber have strong intermolecular forces of attraction take H-bonding.


Elastomers have weak fores of attraction which thermoplastic have weakest 
forces like london or dispersion forces / vanderwaal forces.

So order is $(I)>(III)>(II)$

Which monomer would polymerise in isotactic, syndiotactic and atactic forms ?

  1. $CH _2 = CCl _2$

  2. $CH _3-CH=CH _2$

  3. $Ph-CH=CH _2$

  4. All of the above


Correct Option: B,C

Which pair of polymers have similar properties?

  1. Nylon, $PVC$

  2. $PAN, PTFE$

  3. $PCTFE, PTFE$

  4. Bakelite, alkyle resin


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

$PCTFE, PTFE$ both have same carbon backbone

  1. $-[ClFC - CF _{2}] _{n}$ $ = PCTFE$ (polymonochloro tetrafluoro ethylene)
  2. $ [F _{2}C - CF _{2}] _{n} = PTFE$ (polytetrafluoro ethylene).

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