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Types of journal entries - class-XI

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One debit account and more than one credit account in a entry is called compound entry.

  1. True

  2. False


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

 Compound journal entries are those in which more than two accounts are affected. A compound entry may require that two or more accounts be debited or two or more accounts be credited. Suppose a business borrows money to purchase an asset, such as a building.

The amount brought in by the proprietor in the business should be credited to ____________.

  1. Cash Account

  2. Capital Account

  3. Drawing Account

  4. Bank Account


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Business entity or separate entity concepts defines that the owner and the business are to be treated separately. 

If any amount is contributed by the owner should be treated as liability and to be credited in capital account. 
Journal Entry:-
Cash A/c Dr.
To Capital A/c.

Interest on capital is credited to ___________ account.

  1. Expenses

  2. Income

  3. Capital

  4. Asset


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Capital is a contribution done by the owner in business. If any interest is payable, this need to be debited to Interest expenses and credited to the capital account.

A sale of goods of vidhya for cash should be debited to ______________.

  1. Vidhya's account

  2. Cash account

  3. Sale of goods account

  4. Purchases account


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Sales of goods on cash involves cash and goods account. Both cash and goods are real account. Rule for real account says" debit what comes in". Against sale of goods cash is coming in the system, hence cash account should be debited.

The accounting entries which appear on both the sides of cash book are called journal entries.

  1. True

  2. False


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

A contra entry is the entry that involves both the accounts, i/e/ Cash and Bank. When cash is deposited in a bank or withdrawn from the bank for office use, such transactions will be recorded on both sides of the cash book. Thus, it affects both the columns of the cash book, i.e. the cash column as well as the bank column. Thus, an entry recorded on both sides of the cash book is known as contra entry.

Cash discount does not appear in the books of accounts. 

  1. True

  2. False


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Discounts are two types: 


Trade Discount is a discount which is allowed to the customers to promote the sales. Its allowed on list price and general discount available to all the customers.  Trade discount is not recorded in books of account. 

Cash discount is allowed to the customer to whom the goods sold on credit. Cash discount is allowed to speed up the cash collection. Its allowed to the customer if the payment is done within the specified period. Cash discount is a an indirect expenses and to be debited in profit & loss account.

A closing entry of sales account, which appears on the credit side of trial balance is as under _________________.

  1. Sales A/c Dr.

    To P and L A/c

  2. Sales A/c Dr.

    To Trading A/c

  3. Trading A/c Dr.

    To Sales A/c

  4. P and L A/c Dr.

    To Sales A/c


Correct Option: B

When the claim on account of loss of stock is partly accepted by the insurance company, the journal entry will be _________________________.

  1. Insurance Claim A/c Dr.

    Profit and loss A/c Dr.

    To Trading A/c

  2. Insurance Claim A/c Dr.

    To Trading A/c

  3. Insurance Claim A/c Dr.

    To Profit and loss A/c

  4. Insurance Claim A/c Dr.

    Trading A/c

    To Profit and loss account


Correct Option: A

When the claim on account of loss of stock is fully recoverable from the insurance company, the journal entry will be ______________________.

  1. Cash A/c Dr.

    To Insurance Claim

  2. Insurance Claim A/c Dr.

    To Trading A/c

  3. Trading A/c Dr.

    To Insurance Claim A/c

  4. Insurance Claim A/c Dr.

    To P and L A/c


Correct Option: B

What will be the necessary adjusting closing entry for the following adjustment as on $31^{st}$ March, $2005$. Insurance paid $Rs. 4,000$ (including premium of $Rs. 3,000$ per annum paid upto $30^{th}$ June, $2005$________________________.

  1. Insurance prepaid A/c Dr. $Rs. 750$

    To Insurance A/c $Rs. 750$

  2. Insurance A/c Dr. $Rs. 750$

    Insurance prepaid A/c $Rs. 750$

  3. Insurance A/c Dr. $4000$

    To cash A/c $4000$

  4. Insurance A/c Dr. $3000$

    To cash A/c $3000$


Correct Option: A

In certain jobs, for example, hotels farms, hospitals, the employees are given the facility of residing in a house free of rent or they are given meals or clothes, water etc. A transfer of the proportionate amount is essential to salaries or wages account. Entry for this is ________________.

  1. Meals A/c Dr.

    Water A/c Dr.

    Apartment A/c Dr.

    To Salaries or Wages A/c

  2. Salaries or Wages A/c Dr

    To Meals A/c

    To water A/c

    To Apartment A/c

  3. Cash A/c Dr.

    To Meals A/c

    To Water A/c

    To Apartment A/c

  4. Meals A/c Dr.

    Water A/c Dr.

    Apartment A/c Dr.

    To Cash A/c


Correct Option: B

Goods worth Rs. $10,000$ were purchased by B on which the traders allowed Rs. $500$ trade discount and offer to give $5\%$ cash discount if immediate payment is made. The Purchase A/c will be debited by _________.

  1. Rs. $10,000$

  2. Rs. $9,800$

  3. Rs. $9,000$

  4. Rs. $9,500$


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Discount are two types , trade discount and cash discount. 

Trade discount is allowed on the list price hence amount of trade discount is not reflected in books of account. 
Net price i.e. after deducting trade discount is only recorded in the books of account. 

Purchase Price                Rs.10000
Less: Trade Discount       Rs.500
Net Purchase Price         Rs.9500

Hence, Purchase account will be debited by Rs.9500.

Which of the following specialized journals will record "goods returned by the business"?

  1. Purchase journal

  2. Sales journal

  3. Purchases return journal

  4. Sales return journal


Correct Option: C

The term 2/10-n/30 implies that discount will be given if the payment made within ______ day is receivable within 30 days.

  1. 2, 10

  2. 10, 2

  3. 10, 30

  4. 3, 15


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

2/10 net 30, defined as the trade credit in which clients can opt to either receive a 2 percent discount for payment to a vendor within 10 days or pay the full amount (net) of their accounts payable in 30 days, is extremely common in business to business sales.

A Company makes a purchase on $10^{th}$ may some office equipment . The correct journal entry will be

Debit Credit
1 Office equipment Supplies 
2 Purchases  Office equipment
3 Accounts payable Office equipments
4 Office equipment Accounts payable
  1. 1

  2. 2

  3. 3

  4. 4


Correct Option: A

If salary is given to proprietor ______________________.

  1. Proprietors salary account is debited

  2. Capital account is credited

  3. Both a & b

  4. None of the above


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Salary to proprietor can't be paid and it is not permissible expenditure under income tax act,1961. 

Proprietor is owner of the business and he enjoys gain of the business and hence he is not entitle for separate salary.

Which of the following should be entered in the Journal?
(i) Payment for purchases
(ii) Fixtures bought on credit
(iii) Credit sale of goods
(iv) Sale of surplus machinery.

  1. (i) and (iii)

  2. (i) and (iv)

  3. (ii) and (iv)

  4. (iii) and (iv)


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

In accounting and bookkeeping, a journal is a record of financial transactions in order by date. Traditionally, a journal has been defined as the book of original entry.

Credit transactions are recorded in sales book and purchase book.

Which of the following are not errors of principle?
(i) Motor expenses entered in Motor Vehicles account.
(ii) Purchases of machinery entered in Purchases account.
(iii) Sales of Rs. 250 to Varun completely omitted from books.
(iv) Sales to a Varun entered in Amit's account.

  1. (i) and (iv)

  2. (ii) and (iii)

  3. (i) and (ii)

  4. (iv) and (iii)


Correct Option: A,C

Which of the following item is found in a Journal entry?
$1$. Date of each transaction
$2$. Rupee amount of each debit and credit
$3$. Explanation of each transaction.

  1. $1$ only

  2. $1$ & $2$ only

  3. $2$ & $3$ only

  4. All of the above


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

The essential elements of the journal entry format are as follows:

  • A header line may include a journal entry number and entry date. The number is used to index the journal entry, so that it can be properly stored and retrieved from storage.
  • The first column includes the account number and account name into which the entry is recorded. This field is indented if it is for the account being credited.
  • The second column contains the debit amount to be entered.
  • The third column contains the credit amount to be entered.
  • A footer line may also include a brief description of the reason for the entry. An entry in the footer line is highly recommended, since there are so many journal entries that it is easy to forget why each entry was made.

When a new company is formed to take over the business of an existing company it is known as _____________ .

  1. Amalgmation

  2. Absorption

  3. Internal Reconstruction

  4. External Reconstruction


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

When a new company is formed to take over the existing company's business it is external reconstruction while when the company reorganizes itself and reworks on its capital and other liabilities and other assets it refers to internal reconstruction.No company is dissolved in case of internal reconstruction.

When one existing company takes over the business of another company or companies, it is _____________.

  1. Amalgamation

  2. Absorption

  3. Internal Reconstruction

  4. External Reconstruction


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Amalgamation means merger of two or more companies and forming of altogether a new company.

In case of absorption, the company which is taking over(buying company) remains while one is taken over(selling company) dissolves.

Wages paid to Mohan for erecting a machine should be debited to ___________.

  1. Wages A/c

  2. Machine A/c

  3. Mohans A/c

  4. Cash A/c


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

'Wages paid' for the 'installation of machinery' should be debited to machinery account. 

Explanation: It is the amount incurred for buying and installing the machine. The 'machinery account' is debited since the machine has to be put to use.

The invoice relating to the acquisition on credit of an Office Equipment for Rs 24,500 from Globe Ltd was entered in the Purchases Journal. To correct this error which of the following needs to be done?

  1. A Journal entry: Debit Office Equipment ale and credit Purchases ale with Rs 24,500

  2. No journal entry is needed

  3. Journal entry: Debit Office Equipment ale and credit Globe Ltd ale with Rs 24,500

  4. Journal entry: Debit Globe Ltd ale and credit Office Equipment ale with Rs 24,500


Correct Option: A

Amit commenced business introducing as his capital furniture worth Rs. 21,000, a car valued at Rs. 30,000 and Rs. 48,000 in cash. The journal entry for recording this would require ____________________.

  1. Debit in the three asset accounts, including cash and a credit in the Capital Account

  2. No journal entries

  3. Debit in the two asset accounts other than cash and a credit in the Capital Account

  4. Debit in the cash Account and credit in the Capital Account


Correct Option: C

Transactions which are inter-connected and have taken place simultaneously are recorded by means of a _____________.

  1. Adjustment entry

  2. Combined journal entry

  3. Either (A) or (B)

  4. Closing entry


Correct Option: B

Journal is the book of _______ in which every transaction is recorded before being posted into the ledger. 

  1. Primary entry

  2. Secondary entry

  3. Third entry

  4. None of above


Correct Option: A

________are passed in the general journal for transferring an item entered in one account to another account.

  1. Transfer Entries

  2. Adjustment Entries

  3. Closing Entries

  4. Opening Entries


Correct Option: A

Rs. 15,000 received from Karan has been credited to Ravan. Which of the following rectification entry is correct?

  1. Raven A/c Dr. 15,000

    To Karen A/c 15,000

  2. Karan A/c Dr. 15,000

    To Raven A/c 15,000

  3. Ravan A/c Dr. 15,000

    To Suspense A/c 15,000

  4. Suspense A/c Dr. 15,000

    To Karan A/c 15,000


Correct Option: A

Which one of the following is called backbone of auditing?

  1. Routine checking

  2. Vouching

  3. Internal check

  4. Internal control


Correct Option: B

ABC Ltd. issued 10,000 equity shares of Rs 10 each at a premium of 20% payable Rs 4 on application (including premium), Rs 5 on allotment and the balance on first and final call. The company received applications for 15,000 shares and allotment was made pro-rata. P, to whom 3,000 shares were allotted. failed to pay the amount due on allotment. All his shares were forfeited after the call was made. The forfeited shares were reissued to Madan at par. Assuming that no other bank transactions took place, the bank balance of the company after effecting the above transactions?

  1. Rs 1,14,000

  2. Rs 1,32,000

  3. Rs 1,20,000

  4. Rs 1,00,000


Correct Option: B

Mohan purchased a machinery amounting Rs.10,000 on 1.4.2010.
On 31.3.2019, similar machinery could be purchased for Rs.20,000 but the realizable value of the machinery (purchased on 1.4.2010) was estimated at Rs.15,000. The present discounted value of the future net cash inflows that the machinery was expected to generate in the normal course of business, was calculated as Rs 12,000.
The current cost of the machinery is _____________.

  1. Rs 10,000

  2. Rs 20,000

  3. Rs 15,000

  4. Rs 12,000


Correct Option: B

Book-keeping is mainly concerned with _________.

  1. recording of financial data relating to business operations

  2. designing the system in recording, classifying, summarizing the recorded data

  3. interpreting the data for internal and external end users

  4. only for internal purpose


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Book keeping is that branch of knowledge which tells us how to keep a record of financial transaction of a business. Book keeping is a clerical job. Book keeping is concerned with recording and classifying the data and accounting is concerned with interpreting and analysing of transactions.

Consider the following statements.
I. Workmen's compensation and third party insurance are examples of guarantee insurance.
II. Re-insurance is more common under fire and marine insurance.
Which of the statement given is/are correct?

  1. I only

  2. II only

  3. Both I and II

  4. Neither I nor II


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Both the statements are correct.

1. Guarantee insurance indemnifies the employer and protects against employees and third parties.
2.Insurance of Insurance companies is re-insurance, the claims are high in case of fire and marine insurance and hence, re-insurance is common under them.

In accounting, profit prior to incorporation is treated as _________.

  1. Revenue Reserve

  2. Secret Reserve

  3. Capital Reserve

  4. General Reserve


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

A capital reserve is a type of account on a municipality's or company's balance sheet that is reserved for long-term capital investment projects or other large and anticipated expenses that will incurred in the future. 

Profit prior to incorporation is the profit earned or loss suffered during the period before incorporation. It is not legally available for distribution as dividend because a company cannot earn a profit before it comes into existence
Hence, Profit prior to incorporation is treated as Capital Reserve.

The term 'Internal Reconstruction' includes _______________.

  1. Reduction of Share Capital

  2. Variation in Shareholder's rights

  3. Alteration of Share Capital

  4. All of the above


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

 

Internal reconstruction is a method in which the reconstruction is undertaken without winding up the company and forming a new one. It involves a reduction in the share capital of the company. It also relieves the company from its debts and losses through negotiation with the creditors. Thus, we can say that it is the internal rearrangement of the financial structure of the company.

The various methods of internal reconstruction are:

1. Alteration of Share Capital: The alteration in the share capital can be done either by sub-division and consolidation of shares or by conversion of shares into stock or stock into shares.

2. Variation of Shareholder’s rights: As per Section 47(7) of the Companies Act, 1956 the company can vary the rights of the shareholders with the consent in writing of the holders of three-fourths of the issued and outstanding shares of that class.  It can also do so with the sanction of a resolution passed by a majority of the votes cast at a separate general meeting.

3. Reduction of Share Capital: The Company can reduce share capital by share cancellations or buybacks.

4. Compromise/Arrangement: Under this method, an agreement is made between the company and its members and outside liabilities in case of financial crisis whereby a sacrifice is made by the shareholders, creditors or debenture holders.

 5. Surrender of Shares: In this method, the shareholders are made to surrender their shares so that these can be allotted to debenture holders and creditors so as to reduce their liabilities.

Thus, the correct answer is D.

Deepti wants to buy a building for her business today.Which of the following is the relevant data for his decision ? 

  1. Similar business acquired the required building in 2,000 for Rs. 10,00,000

  2. Building cost details 2003

  3. Building cost details 1998

  4. Similar building cost in August,2005 Rs. 25,00,000


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

This is the information which in identifying the historical cost of the building and now the price can be compared in present context. 

ABC starts a business by investing Rs. 5 lakh and purchases goods worth Rs. 2.5 lakh. This is a/an _____ .

  1. event

  2. transaction

  3. dealing

  4. operations


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

The operations are generally performed for business firms for e.g. ABC started business with Rs. 5 lakh and purchased goods worth Rs. 2.5 lakh is an operation of business. 

During the life-time of an entity, accountants prepare financial statements at a point of time in accordance with which basic accounting principles?

  1. Cost-benefit

  2. Periodicity

  3. Conservatism

  4. Matching

  5. All of these


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

The correct answer is periodicity. Periodicity means that accountants will assume that a company's ongoing activities can be presented(or reported)annually, monthly or quarterly.  

Maintaining records of various properties helps _____________.

  1. in ascertaining profit or loss of the business

  2. to ensure there is no unauthorised use or disposal of any asset or property of the business

  3. in fulfilling the statutory obligation

  4. in giving the look of a professionally managed company


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Assets purchased for the business are to be recorded in the books of account of the business. This is mandatory to keep a proper records of all such assets to ensure that the business assets are used for business purposes only. No unauthorized uses for business assets should be done. 

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